1913. 
403 
VALUE OF MANURE. 
1. Can you tell me the right amount of 
money on an average to credit a cow and 
horse with, in return for the manure they 
give in one month? 2. Also, if a cow's 
milk is bitter before she is dried off, is it 
likely to be the same the rest of her life? 
Pawtucket, R. I. r. c. h. 
1. The following table shows the 
amounts of manure voided for 1,000 
pounds of live weight of different farm 
animals: 
For each 1,000 pounds: 
Total. Solid. 
Horse . 18,000 14,400 
Cow . 27.000 19.000 
Pig . 30,500 18,300 
Sheep . 12,500 8,300 
Hen . 8,500 
Liquid. 
3.000 
8.000 
12,200 
4,200 
Remember this does not mean one 
horse or one cow, but 1,000 pounds of 
live animal. The value of the manure 
from one animal has been figured for 
various weights as follows: 
Horse 
Weight. 
Nitrogen. 
Acid. 
Potash 
.... 900 
115 
38 
93 
$21.25 
. . .1,100 
140 
47 
113 
26.00 
. . .1,200 
154 
52 
124 
28.30 
Cow 
... 800 
125 
30 
102 
23.70 
. . . 900 
140 
34 
114 
26.65 
. . .1,100 
172 
42 
140 
32.55 
Pig • 
15 
11 
13 
3.00 
• 
23 
16 
19 
4.50 
Sheep 
30 
21 
26 
6 00 
... 100 
12 
5 
13 
2.40 
... 150 
18 
7 
19 
3.60 
Of course .this means the amounts of 
plant food actually contained in the 
manure as made—figured to the prices 
of chemicals. Of course not all of this 
would actually go back to the land, for 
even with the very best of care there 
would be some loss through leaching or 
fermentation. 
2. Many cows give milk with a bit¬ 
ter or salty taste just before calving. 
This taste usually passes away when the 
cow becomes fresh. 
Objections to Young Trees. 
As the time for planting is near, 
allow me to say something about one- 
year apple trees. They are more easily 
injured in handling than older trees and. 
more injuriously affected by fumigating;’ 
more harm is done to them also by in¬ 
sects, from the flea-beetle in Spring to 
caterpillars later. When buds or leaves 
are thus destroyed, the tree dies par¬ 
tially or entirely the first year. The 
loss from these causes, especially fumi¬ 
gating, is fully 30 per cent, the first 
season, and that from my observation 
with trees from various nurseries in 
different soils, in cultivated land, in 
fresh land worked by hand, and when 
the holes were dynamited. t. l. w. 
Albemarle Co., Va. 
R- N.-Y.-—This has not been our ex¬ 
perience with year-old trees. We have 
been able to carry through as large a 
proportion of them as of the older 
trees. We like them because the shape 
oi the head is under control. 
Cans for Tomato Plants. 
Replying to L. C. P., page 350, Prof. 
Massey thinks earthen pots more satis¬ 
factory than tomato cans for potting 
tomato plants. We grow vegetable 
plants for the local market, and always 
pot all early tomatoes for our own set¬ 
ting. We have used four-inch earthen 
pots—three-inch are too small for to¬ 
matoes—but prefer cans for the follow¬ 
ing reasons: They hold more, so give 
larger roots and do not dry out as 
Quickly. They stand closer together 
than earthen pots of the same root ca¬ 
pacity so save hothouse space. Later, 
m the frames, can be spread as much 
as necessary. They have larger surface 
°n the bottom so are not so top-heavy 
and inclined to tip over in handling 
\\ len the plants get larger. They may 
uot be less expensive, time considered, 
nit at least we can save several dollars 
at the expense of a little time on a rainy 
r , They are P re P are d quickly by put¬ 
ting them on top of a hot stove. Set on 
a dozen. In half a minute the solder 
around the bottom is melted. With a 
a c oth to protect your hands tip a can 
on its edge and push the bottom off 
with the point of a knife blade. The 
sl 'PPly is unlimited—leave a barrel at 
a hotel kitchen and it is soon full. The 
tops are generally cut open three- 
quarters off. We press this tongue back 
Jp. ,c ? P . ce an d melt off the other end. 
this gives drainage hole and chance to 
push the plant from the bottom if it 
shouldn t slip from the can readily when 
T ng ‘ , r, P - J- »• 
iowanda, Pa. 
Tme; rural, 
HOMEMADE TREE SCRAPER. 
When we started scraping our old 
apple trees we used a three-sided scraper, 
but found it very slow, as the straight 
sides covered only a small surface on 
the round branches. I made scrapers 
out of steel shovels with all sides dif¬ 
ferent, as shown in the cut, sharpened 
to a knife edge, but not too sharp. 
J. w. R. 
Sprinkler for Liquid Manure. 
Can you give me information in regard 
to a good practical sprinkler for a liquid 
manure? One that will not clog; would 
prefer one to use two horses, f. ej. o. 
Otisville, N. Y. 
We have known old-fashioned street 
sprinklers used—with the holes enlarged 
—but they clog badly. Has anyone fig¬ 
ured out a sprinkler that will work with 
these liquids? 
Canada Peas Before Cauliflower. 
Do you think it would pay to disk in 
Canada field peas on sod ground that was 
plowed last Fall, to plow under for manure, 
say by tbe first to the middle of June, for 
cauliflower? If so, what time would it do 
to sow them? a. b. g. 
Southold, N, Y. 
.Yes—it will pay and we would sow oats 
with the peas so as to get as much growth 
as possible to plow under later. The peas 
will not make as good a stand on the sod 
as on open ground but they will more than 
pay for seed and labor. Get them in as 
early as the ground can be worked. 
Crops Before Alfalfa. 
I expect to start a piece of Alfalfa this 
Summer. What other crops besides pota¬ 
toes would be suitable and early enough 
to put on the ground previous to the Al¬ 
falfa which I intend to sow in July or 
August? Would you spread the manure 
and lime in the Spring before the tempor¬ 
ary crop or after this crop is removed 
and just before sowing Alfalfa? r s. 
Burlington, Pa. 
Oats and peas, early garden vegetables, 
early sweet corn or millet could be taken 
ofT the land in time for Alfalfa seeding. 
We should use the manure on the earlier 
crop and use the lime when seeding the 
Alfalfa. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
A Jolly 
Good Day 
Follows 
A Good Breakfast 
Try a dish of 
Post 
Toasties 
tomorrow morning. 
These sweet, thin bits 
made from Indian Corn 
are cooked, toasted and 
sealed in tight packages 
without the touch of hu¬ 
man hand. 
They reach you fresh 
and crisp—ready to eat 
from the package by add¬ 
ing cream or milk and a 
sprinkling of sugar, if de¬ 
sired. 
Toasties are a jolly good 
dish— 
Nourishing 
Satisfying 
Delicious 
_ J 
NKW-YORKEH 
HOW TO GROW 
ON YOUR FARM OR COUNTRY ESTATE 
It is now time to plan and prepare for the summer planting. You can grow Alfalfa on your 
farm! But you must meet your particular soil conditions—therefore—we will without cost or ob¬ 
ligation give you expert advice on the selection of seed—seed bed preparation—planting—and 
care necessary to meet your requirements and secure a perfect stand with the aid of 
FARMOGERM INOCULATION 
Standard throughout the world 
Let ns toll you of the method of growing Vetch with your spring planting of Oats to increase the Oat crop 
and enrich the soil at the same time. Also how to secure the same results by growing Soy Beans or other le¬ 
gumes with your Corn. All spring sown clovers should be inoculated, and a little fertilizer applied now means 
more hay. Cow Peas and Soy Beans for Hay—a 3 milk producers, cannot be excelled. This is practical inform¬ 
ation of value to every farmer. 
TELI. US TOUR PLANTING IDEAS FOR THE TEAR AND LET US HELP TOU PLAN IT ECONOM- 
ICALLT AND EFFICIENTLT FOR SOIL ENRICHMENT AND GENERAL FARM IMPROVEMENT 
EARP-THOMAS FARMOGERM CO., Bloomfield, N. J., U. S. A. 
_______ Our New Book No. 54 Sent free 
for the soil only. Our Agri¬ 
cultural Lime can be applied 
at the time of seeding and 
will not burn anything. Will 
drill, broadcast or scatter. 
We guarantee immediate 
shipment, analysis, mechani¬ 
cal condition, fineness, quick 
results and no burning. 
Litmus paper free. Write us. 
CALEDONIA MARL CO., Caledonia, N. Y. 
1000% Returns From 
the use of a Hercules Stump Puller. 
Bumper crops instead of stumps. Big' 
money in place of taxes. S1.200 from 40 
acres the first year—S750 in extra crops 
every year after. Get the catalog of the 
Power i Hercules 
Genuine Steel 
Stump Puller 
You can clear an acre 
of stumps a day. 30 days’ 
free trial. Guaranteed 3 
Special introduc¬ 
tory price proposition. 
Write today for 
big free catalog. 
HERCULES MFG. CO. 
130 31st St. 
Centerville, 
Iowa 
years 
Free Box of Samples 
sent to your station charges prepaid. All 
sizes, 2 inches to 20 inches. Delivered 
prices quoted on request. 
THE E. BIGL0W CO., New London, 0. 
$10,000 Backs > 
, —.3 portable wood saw. Guaranteed 1 year—money 
refunded and freight paid both ways if unsatisfac- 
| tory. You can easily earn $10 a day with a 
HERTZLER & ZOOK 
Portable 
yWood 
sawing all kinds of neighbors' lum¬ 
ber. Strictly factory prices—save 
jobber’s profits. Operates easily, 
pfc Stick sits low—saw draws it on im¬ 
mediately machine starts. Only $10 
saw to which ripping table can be 
added. Write for catalogue. ^ 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO„ 
Bom 3 . Belleville. Pa. . 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping Caldron. Empties 
its kettle in one minute. The simplest 
and best arrangement for cooking 
food for stock. Also make Dairy and 
Laundry Stoves, Water and 
Steam Jacket Kettles, Hog 
Scalders, Caldrons.etc. CS^Seua 
for particulars and ask for circular J 
D. R. Sperry & Co., Batavia, Ilk 
RAW GROUND LIME 
Good for all Crops. Quickiy available. 
Order now. 
F. £. CONLEY LIME CO., - . UTICa, /V. Y. 
A FARMER’S GARDEN 
TS without real serious meaning to 
many thousand farmers because 
they think it is too hard work or 
it is not convenient to work a horse. 
So many farmers fail to understand 
what truly wonderful possibilities 
there are in modem hand tools 
UtQHAGE Sir 
do all of the sowing, hoeing, cultivating, 
weeding, furrowing, ridging, etc., in any 
garden, with better results, far less work 
and some real pleasure for the operator. 
38 or more combinations at $ 3.50 to $ 12 , 00 ! 
Ask your dealer about them and write us 
for new booklet, "Gardening with 
Modern Tools" also copy of our paper 
••Iron Age Farm and Garden. - 
News"—both are free. 
BATEMAN M’F’GCO. 
Box 1022 Grenloch.N. J. 
These Harrows Are For 
Intensive Tillage 
Remember, the CUTAWAY disk is the original 
“cutaway”; the CUTAWAY double action harrow, 
the original double action; the CUTAWAY reversible har¬ 
row, the original reversible; the CUTAWAY extension head 
harrow, the original extension head. CUTAWAY double 
action harrows have all four of their gangs - 
compactly hung on one rigid wain frame, 0 00 
which is the secret of successful double VW 
action harrows. That is one reason why 
Forged- 
edge 
Disks 
double action harrows grind and pulverize the soil 
finer than other harrows. CUTAWAY double 
actions are all equipped with the detachable 
jointed tongue, which can be removed or replaced 
in one minute, making the harrow into either 
a tongue or tongueless machine as desired. Both 
the single action and the doubleaction are made 
with extension heads for orchard work, and can 
be closed for regular field work. They are 
equipped with the famous CLARK cutlery 
steel disks, forged sharp. Ask your dealer to 
show you Cutaway implements. If he 
can’t, write us. Ask for new 48-page book. 
The Soil and Intensive Tilla.gt," 
All Cutaway 
Single Action 
Harrows Are 
Reversiblt 
Cutaway Harrow Co. 
839 Main Street. HigganUUIs Conn. 
Makers of the original CLARK “Cutaway ’’ implements 
