638 
THi: KUKAIS NEW-YORKER 
April 12, 
WHY THE CABBAGE FAILED. 
.1. If. (.Vo Address ).—Wlnit is the mat¬ 
ter with my cabbage? I took charge of this 
farm on November 1, 1912, and found 
among other things about 3000 fine heads 
of cabbage, but they were light in weight. 
They were Late Flat Dutch. They were 
put away in trenches with a covering of 
leaves and then banked with earth, but 
they commenced to rot right away, and by 
February 1, 1913, the loss was great. Fan 
you tell me the trouble? Is this a good 
cabbage for Winter keeping, or are there 
better? When should they be set out? My 
soil is a sandy loam, is there a good white 
Winter turnip? 
Ans. —Your cabbage being light in 
weight is good evidence that it was not 
matured and was in poor condition for 
Winter storage. You probably stored 
it too early. In the latitude of New 
York cabbage is usually left out until 
the third week in November, or as long 
as there is no danger of hard freezing. 
It is then pulled up, and turned upside 
down, placed in rows in beds live or 
six feet wide and as long as desirable. 
Soil is shoveled from each side and 
placed between and on the inverted 
heads, and if the weather is mild the 
soil covering at first should not be over 
two or three inches deep, adding more 
soil as may be required from time to 
time as the Winter advances until they 
have a covering of six to eight inches 
of soil, or sufficient to cover the roots 
almost completely. After the ground 
is frozen, a covering of coarse stable 
litter or leaves to the depth of five or 
six inches, should be placed over the 
beds to prevent hard freezing, and to 
admit of easy access to the cabbage 
in hard freezing weather. 
Some finish covering the cabbage the 
same day it is pulled, but this practice 
is not advisable as there is always 
danger of rotting, especially if the stor¬ 
ing is followed by a spell of warm 
weather. Litter of any kind, especially 
leaves in quantity should not be placed 
next to the cabbage when it is intended 
banking with earth, as the sweating and 
confinement of the gases thrown off 
by the cabbage will invariably cause 
decay and loss. Cabbage that is not 
well matured should never be stored 
for Winter use, as the soft growth 
surrounding the small head will be al¬ 
most sure to decay. Such cabbage is 
only fit for poultry and stock feed. 
There is no better keeping cabbage 
than the Late Flat Dutch, and if proper¬ 
ly matured and properly stored at the 
right time, there is never any fault to 
find with its keeping qualities. Late 
cabbage seed should be sown in a rich 
well prepared seed bed in the open 
ground from middle of May to first of 
June, according to latitude, and planting 
to the field should be done end of June 
to middle of July. 
Probably the best white turnips for 
all purposes is the White Egg, this is 
a pure white turnip of egg-shaped 
growth, grows and matures quickly, lias 
a thin white skin. It is very sweet 
and juicy, of mild flavor and grows to 
good size, a splendid variety for either 
early or late planting. For best results, 
turnips should be sown in drills about 
18 inches apart, and thinned to stand 
about three inches apart in the row. 
The sowing for late crop should be 
done about the first of Augu'st, fre¬ 
quent cultivation and keeping the crop 
free from weeds will be amply repaid 
by increased yield of first-grade turnips. 
At the approach of freezing weather 
they must be taken up and pitted to pre¬ 
serve them for Winter use. K. 
MAKING A GARDEN SOIL. 
E. C. K., Perry, N. Y. —What Is the best 
plan to be used in fertilizing my garden this 
year? Size of garden 90x50 feet, soil sandy 
loam, rather heavy; kind of vegetables to 
be raised, most kinds listed in seedsmen’s 
catalogues. Last year garden received four 
one-horse loads of horse manure, straw 
bedding, yield and quality of vegetables 
fair. Previous to last year neighbors say 
that garden has had no fertilizer and little 
care since street was laid out, 14 years. I 
can get horse manure <straw bedding) at 
75 cents per one-horse load, or I can get 
commercial fertilizer from a neighbor, who 
runs a large truck farm. I had been think¬ 
ing of using a “complete” commercial fer¬ 
tilizer (nitrogen 3.25, available phosphoric 
acid 6, potash 9.75), and using no horse 
manure; but I need advice. 
Ans. —Your garden lacks humus in 
the soil and is too poor to give a maxi¬ 
mum crop of good vegetables. The 
making of a good garden requires time. 
It cannot be done in a single season, it 
usually takes two to four years of 
heavy manuring to bring the soil to the 
high state of fertility required to grow 
large crops of first-class vegetables. 
This plot of ground should have not 
less than six one-horse wagonloads of 
well-rotted manure spaded in this 
Spring, to which may be added with 
benefit about 100 pounds high-grade 
early truck-grower fertilizer, sown 
broadcast and raked in after spading. 
The variety and qualities of each kind 
of vegetables grown must in a great 
measure be governed by the taste of 
those who consume them. Some people 
are very fond of certain vegetables and 
consume them in large quantities while 
others do not relish that particular kind 
and eat of it very sparingly, so it would 
be a hard matter to give specific in¬ 
structions to anyone just what and how 
much of any kind of vegetable to grow 
for home consumption, as there would 
surely be some kinds included that the 
consumers of the crop would not care 
for. You will have to consult your 
own likes and dislikes and plant ac¬ 
cordingly. The following is a list of 
the most desirable and useful vegetables 
for the home garden and any or all 
of them may be successfully grown in 
your garden. 
Bush Beans, green and wax-podded 
the ground, and I cannot make the low 
head of two feet that I want on an apple 
tree. 
Soil Analysis. —G. W. H. (page 462) 
says : “It is a good plan to have a sample 
or several samples of the soil analyzed by 
your State chemist, who will tell you just 
what your soil needs.” He cannot tell 
anything of the sort. He can toil you 
what the soil contains, and a soil that you 
know to be unproductive may show a large 
amount of plant food. Rut the chemist 
cannot tell you anything about the avail¬ 
ability of the plant: food there. For lind- 
ing out the manurial need of the soil an 
analysis will be of little value. 
Sweet Teas. —Climate lias a great deal 
to do with all methods of growing any¬ 
thing, and down hero any one who would 
take the directions given for the English 
climate on page 471 would certainly fail 
to get flowers on tile sweet peas. Sown 
here as the writer says, April 10, the hot 
weather would soou burn them up. My 
sweet peas this season were sown January 
6, and at this writing. March 2S, they are 
nearly ready to take the poultry wire 
netting provided for them to climb on. We 
have to get them early or not at all. In 
our warm sandy soil they never rot from 
early sowing, and my lines of peas show 
entirely uubroken. 
Dahlias. —1 grow Dahlias every year 
from seed, and now have over 200 seedlings 
started. Then any of superior merit I 
carry over and in this way I have as good 
a collection as can ho found. I prefer the 
seedlings, as all of them are pretty and 
the single ones are fine for cutting. But 
the groat advantage is that they bloom 
later and have better weather for good 
flowers, while the old roots try to bloom 
in hot weather when good flowers cannot 
be made. By saving seed from tile finest 
flowers one can grow splendid blooms as 
good as any of the named sorts and can 
get up a large collection at a very little 
expense. I buy a few seeds every Spriug 
from those wlio claim them best. But I 
usually find that my own seed make as 
good blooms as any. w. F. massey. 
Maryland. ‘ _ 
How to Store Mangels. —The Germans 
pile them up on the ground, about one 
yard high and as loug as anyone lias man¬ 
gels. They cover them with a foot layer 
of straw and oil top of this a foot layer 
of earth. On the south they keep an open¬ 
ing in which they place a few bundles of 
straw. When the weather allows it they 
go into the pile by moving those straw 
bundles. I expect that this will work over 
here. We never have tried it in this coun¬ 
try. as we always had room enough in col¬ 
lars for our roots. it. c. 
Zion Hill, Pa. 
Over 100 Styles 
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The best primer. Cuts j4-inch dry 
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Tiik Rural New-Yorker, New York 
sorts; dwarf or bush lima beans; beets, 
cabbage, early and late, cauliflower, car¬ 
rots, muskmelon, celery, cucumbers, 
eggplant, lettuce, onions, peas, early 
and late, radishes, spinach, tomatoes. A 
plot of ground 50 x 50 feet is too 
small to admit of growing the above 
list in quantity. The most desirable 
should be grown in larger quantity 
than the least desirable. Neither is it 
advisable to attempt the growing of 
sweet corn, squash, pumpkins, or any 
other large growing crops on so small 
a piece of ground; they occupy too 
much space. You should plan to keep 
the ground occupied with some kind of 
a growing crop the season through. As 
soon as a crop is cleared off, replant 
the space so cleared to something else. 
If this is carefully and systematically 
attended to you will have a continuous 
supply of various kinds of fresh and 
palatable vegetables the entire season. 
K. 
That’s why he bought a K-r-i-t. That’s why there are four thousand 
K-r-i-t farmers whose names and addresses we can give you. 
The K-r-i-t Motor was designed and built as it is, for the K-r-i-t farmer. 
The K-r-i-t farmer knows what a motor must do to render service 
and be worth his investment. 
He knows the sand, the mud, the hills, the hauls of his country—he 
knows that the motor is the heart, the lungs, the breath, in fact, the very 
life of every car. ' 
The K-r-i-t Motor more than any other feature of the K-r-i-t is respon¬ 
sible for those four thousand K-r-i-t farmers. 
Why the K-r-i-t Motor is the Farmer’s Motor 
ALL SORTS. 
Dirt Bands. —P. J. D. seems to have 
plenty of time to prepare old cans for toma¬ 
toes. I prefer the pots. But I can show 
him a cheaper way yet for taking' the place 
of the pots. One of our mills here is turn¬ 
ing out wooden veneer dirt bands. These 
are grooved for folding and make a square 
receptacle three inches wide and four inches 
deep. A string around them keeps the 
hand in place and they pack closer in the 
frames than the cans, being square. These 
dirt bands can lie emptied and dried and 
packed away in the flat, and will last sev¬ 
eral seasons, and are far cheaper than 
monkeying with old cans. I pot tomatoes 
in three-inch |H>ts in the greenhouse till 
established and then spot them out in the 
frames, and when I set them out they 
will come up with a mass of soil and 
never wilt. I would not keep them in pots 
till pot-hound. M.v time is too valuable to 
spend in preparing tin cans for use aud 
the pots seem to me to lie far better. 
One-Year Trees. —I have not for many 
years used any other sort. They cost less 
at the nursery, cost less for transportation, 
and live better. But the great advantage 
is that they have live buds all over them, 
and one can cut back to form the low 
head that is needed in these spraying days. 
The older trees have too much stem and 
have already started a head too high above 
Because the entire K-r-i-t power plant 
is assembled as a unit and the cylinders 
cast “en bloc”, insuring a solid and rigid 
motor. 
The pistons carry four compression rings 
and are lapped into the cylinders to insure 
perfect fit and maximum compression. 
The crank shaft is drop forged from spe¬ 
cial steel with one and three-quarter inch 
ball bearings. 
The connecting rod bearings are 50% 
over size thus avoiding excesssive wear. 
The cam shaft is drop forged from spe¬ 
cial alloy steel. The crank case is cast 
from aluminum, increasing the strength 
but reducing the weight. 
The entire bottom of crank case is easily 
removable for adjustment of connecting 
rod bearings. 
The valves are enclosed and interchange¬ 
able and the valve tappets adjustable. 
Motor is water cooled by thermo- syphon 
6ystem aided by ball bearing fan; the mo¬ 
tor is lubricated by splash feed from crank 
case with sight feed on the dash. 
These are the more important mechani¬ 
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That’s why the K-r-i-t Motor makes the 
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Model “KT” $900, fully equipped 
