668 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 19, 
“THE DRONE TREE.” 
Improvement Through Bud Selection. 
Part IV. 
We continue the discussion of the 
drone tree by quoting still further from 
the paper by Mr. Shamel mentioned in 
former articles. At this time we are 
only offering proof that these drone 
trees are so largely found in Citrus or¬ 
chards that it will pay to test them 
and get them out: 
“We concluded after our study of 
lemon bud sports that we probably had 
found the maximum of Citrus bud 
variation. This Spring in studying Va¬ 
lencia orange orchards preliminary to 
locating an experimental performance 
record plot, we found that we were mis¬ 
taken. The frequency and general prev¬ 
alence to bud sports in the Valencia 
variety is much greater than on any 
Citrus variety yet studied. There is 
another very important factor in this 
connection in this variety. The Valen¬ 
cia orange is notoriously an alternate 
cropper, bearing full crops only every 
other year. This season, the off season, 
in orchards that have light crops, many 
trees are almost barren, but we have 
found occasionally fully fruited trees 
bearing ideal fruits. In the J. H. Hale 
peach orchard at South Glastonbury, 
Conn., I have secured two seasons’ per¬ 
formance records of four peach varie¬ 
ties having the alternate habit of pro¬ 
duction. In these varieties our records 
show that not only did the fruitful 
peach trees bear large, fine crops in the 
off season, but also in the following 
general bearing season these fruitful 
type trees produced the largest and best 
crops in our four performance record 
plots, without exception. There is ab¬ 
solutely no explanation for this condi¬ 
tion aside from bud variation and hered¬ 
itary regular fruit-bearing habits. 
“If there exists any doubt as to the 
frequency and importance of bud varia¬ 
tion in Citrus fruits the conditions of 
the Valencia orange groves in this re¬ 
spect, which we have looked into, will 
forevei* remove that doubt. One illus¬ 
tration may give some idea of this con¬ 
dition. We found on a large percentage 
of the trees strange-looking fruits, large, 
deeply creased, thick-skinned, variegated 
in color, of various shapes, resembling 
in texture of skin the Osage orange 
fruits. A little further search revealed 
entire trees bearing fruits all of this 
character. We found probably one thou¬ 
sand trees of this character out of a 
total of about 16,000 in this one orchard. 
Another off type Valencia orange fruit 
or bud sport found ir. this orchard is 
a peculiar small orange, about the size 
of a walnut, with very smooth texture, 
somewhat like the Thomson Improved 
Navel, frequently wrinkled similar to 
the so-called Australian Navel, very thin- 
skinned like the paper rind St. Michael 
fruits, and one of the most striking Va¬ 
lencia types observed so far. We found 
many single fruits of this character and 
branches bearing clusters of these fruits 
in Valencia orange trees. In the course 
of our studies of this orchard we found 
many trees bearing fruits all of this 
character. 
“The variation in number of seeds in 
fruits of the different types of lemon 
and Valencia oranges and grape fruits 
is remarkable and has been consistent. 
The thornhiess of different types of 
lemons varies consistently with type and 
is marked even to the superficial ob¬ 
server. The shape of fruits varies 
markedly with type as well as all other 
characters on comparative individual 
trees. In our Corona grape fruit plot 
we have only three grape fruit trees out 
of 57 that bear the ideal shaped fruits 
having the fine, smooth, ivory white ap¬ 
pearance, thin skinned and seedless char¬ 
acters exclusively. The other trees vary 
in this respect, some of them bearing 
rounded, coarse-textured fruit with 
thick rind and little juice. The three 
best trees have consistently produced the 
ideal fruits for three seasons. 
“The time for fruiting varies in the 
different types of Eureka lemon trees in 
our plot. Some of them produce the 
bulk of their crop in the Winter, others 
in the Summer and early Fall, and stilf 
others in the Spring. The difference in 
the quality grown on neighboring trees 
under the same conditions, varies tre 
mendously, some producing as much as 
75 per cent, first grade fruit, and others 
producing 75 per cent, second or third 
grade fruit. The habits of growth of 
trees of the different types in all Citrus 
varieties studied is characteristic and 
the type of trees can frequently be iden¬ 
tified in this way. The tall growing 
and widely branching character of the 
common Australian type of the navel 
orange is a familiar example. 
“It is not my purpose here to attempt 
to classify or describe the many types 
of Citrus varieties or the bud sports 
observed in our work. I want to insist 
that Citrus growers investigate this con¬ 
dition in their own or other orchards 
along the lines laid down in this paper. 
The facts as stated are capable of dem¬ 
onstration in every orchard so far vis¬ 
ited by the writer. I am satisfied that 
similar conditions can be found in many 
or possibly every orchard, providing a 
painstaking and conscientious study is 
made of the individual fruits and trees.” 
A WOMAN’S CORN TESTER. 
Cut below is a rude sketch of the surest, 
quickest and neatest corn tester I have 
seen, at a cost of less than a dollar. 
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driven 
from 
under 
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Board for Aiamfer/n^ Bars of Cof/f, 
Detail of 
Poc/rets 
Soivc/vst Pockets placed in Pan. 
The pan should be rust-proof if pos¬ 
sible and about an inch and a half of 
sawdust placed in the bottom, as it 
holds heat better than water. White 
canton flannel was used for the pockets. 
Cut in strips, piece together end-wise 
and hem sides. Stitch tucks four inches 
apart to hold lengths of telephone wire. 
Number the pockets, as shown, with 
indelible ink and press with a hot iron. 
Ten kernels of corn taken from the 
middle and each end of the ear, are 
placed in a row in the bottom of the 
pocket with number corresponding to 
that of the ear. We sink our tester in 
a hay box, keeping it warm and moist 
and by attending to it carefully are 
able to refill it three times a week. 
Often in from 24 to 36 hours the 
sprouts will be half an inch long. One 
could enlarge the output to test 50 or 
100 ears at a time but in that case the 
strip of pockets should be in shorter 
sections, so as to dry them out oc¬ 
casionally more conveniently. 
Minnesota. mrs. w. m. strader. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”— Adv. 
Strawberries 
8,000.000 vigorous Strawberry Plants of the 22 
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$1.00 hundred postpaid. CATALOGUE FREE, 
Harry L. Squires, - Remsenburg, N. Y. 
Transplanted Vegetable Plants 
We grow plants for the largest market, gardeners; 
for the man who plants for prollt. A fair trial will 
convince you that our plants produce better crops, 
.wo to four weeks earlier than local or Southern 
products. Write for price list. 
GUY M. HUTTON, - CONYNGIIAM, PA. 
SOY BEANS AND VETCH 
McQueen’s original inoculated soil for Soy Beans 
and Vetch makes land rich. 50c. per 100 lbs. Big 
stock Soy Beans and Dahlias. Circular free. 
JACOB McOUEliN - Baltic, Ohio 
Richest and Cheapest Teed for Fattening Hogs 
Do you know that a gallon of Empire Feeding Molasses actually 
contains more flesh building: feed than a bushel of corn or oats? that it costs 
only H to as in.icli—is more appetizing, nourishing and healthful—and 
that it increases the digestibility of all grain fed with it 25%. 
By feeding Empire Molasses you can double your hog profits, have finer 
stock, and get them ready for market much earlier. We stand ready to 
prove all these things right on your own farm at our risk. 
Feed Half a Barrel at Our Risk 
Order a half-barrel or barrel todayat our risk. On its arrival pay the small freight charges 
(amountingtoonly 1 to 3c a gallon to most points).When you have fed half of it you can decide 
whether or not it is all we claim. If you are not more than satisfied .simply return the balance 
at our expense and we will refund the full purchase price. Making no charge for what you used. 
You can’t afford not to try this great feed especially when we take the risk of proving that 
EMPIRE FEEDING MOLASSES will save and make you money. Send $6.80 for half barrel 
(34 gallons) or $9.86 for a full barrel (average 58 gallons) f. o. b. t Phila, Pa., Send personal 
chec k if more convenient. Don’t put it off—mail it NOW. 
WATTLES & COMPANY, Dept.RNY, Litchfield, Mich 
m 
Frrrlino > 
Directum* 
Sent with l 
Each Barr « 
Sandwich Motor Press 
(Drive) Supplies Its Own Power 
You too, can make $200 to $300 clear profit monthly! Farmers pay liberally to have their 
hay baled by this solid steel, big tonnage Sandwich that doesn’t break down in the middle 
of a job—that turns out clean, slick, s«lid bales, rain or shine, one and two a minute. 
It has hopper cooled Gas Engine mounted on same 
truck, 4,6, 8 or 10-horse power—gear driven magneto 
—the most complete outfit in existence. The Sand¬ 
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every working test. 
25 tons are its every 
day job—often 30 to 40. 
Full power delivered to 
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roller chain. It docs 
away with slipping, 
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time-tried self-feeder — 
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Coupled 
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Yes, the safest, surest, biggest money maker 
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SANDWICH MFG. CO. 
125 A St. Sandwich, III. 
Bor 125 . Council Bluffs, la. 
Box 125 , Kansas City, Mo. 
CATALPA 
Trees 
I am the only grower who sella 
direct to farmers under a guarantee to 
refund ten times the cost price, if trees 
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Write for FREE booklet telling about 
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H.C. ROGERS B0X11 MECHANiCSBURG, 0.' 
FRUIT TREESzgi^ 
Grown by 
ill 1 
DICUT IN quality” 
are KlbHI and price 
Illustrated Catalog FREE. Sainual 
jJFraser, 119 Main St M Genewo, N. Y. 
McllMTOSH APPLE , $12.00 pee 10O 
and all other varieties of T"% ¥-» rv 
Apple, Pear, Plum, Cherry, I f, 
Poach, Berry Plants, etc. * 
Send for Free Catalogue today. 
L’Amoreaui Nursery Co., Schoharie, N. Y. 
13 EL 111 i EL 
bulbs. Free catalogue on application. 
D. V. HOWELL, Dahlia Specialist, PECONIC, L. I. 
^trau/horru Plante--Money-making varieties. 
Oil dHUG! I )| ridlllb Prices, $1.50,$1.75,$1.90perlOOO. 
Illustrated catalogue free. David Rodway, Hartly, Del. 
Strnwherrv Plante -35 varieties. Low prices 
DiraWDerry riams for Northern grown. Cata¬ 
logue free. H. H. BENNING. R. F. D. No. 8. Clyde. N. Y. 
CTIt A WHERRY PLANTS-Reliable money 
“ making varieties. Only $1.50, $1.75 & $1.98 per 1000 
Illustrated catalog free. S. A. VIRDIN, Hartly. Del. 
VERY CHOICE 
King, Cuthbert, Kan sas and 
Grogg Raspberry plants, $7.00 
per 1,000. Lucretia Dewborries, $0.00 per 1,000. 
CHERRY HILL FRUIT FARM, Toboso, Lickino County, Ohio 
Monitor BTs'2 Drill 
The Drill That Pays for Itself 9 9 
Deposits Seed in Two Rows 
at Uniform Depth 
Have you ever thought what a big advantage it would 
be if you could sow seed evenly—at just the right depth 
— and cover each grain uniformly with moist soil? 
Of course you have. You know it would save seed, 
and give you biggerand bettercrops. Butlikemany 
other farmers you probably believed such sowing to 
be impossible. 
And it was impossible until the Monitor Double Disc 
Drill was invented. But with this wonderful drill 
you can now put every grain at the same 
depth, so that it all germinates and 
comes up at the same time — 
ripening evenly. 
Save* One-fifth the Seed 
^ Increases the Yield 
Improve* the 
StS' Grade 
KM 
Drops in 
FRONT of Bearing 
Other drills sow BEHIND 
the bearing. That sounds like a 
small difference, but it gives the Monitor 
this great advantage: The grain is carried 
into the ground on the DOWNWARD instead of the , 
upward turnof the discs. In this way every grain is de- 
posited at the bottom of a clean wide furrow, in two rows, one 
inch apart, and covered uniformly with moist soil. None of it is ^“*41 
dragged to the surface to shrivel in the sun or to be eaten by the birds. 
So the Monitor saves you one-fifth of your seed, improves the grade, and in¬ 
creases the yield from 10 to 20%. c « .. A v 
J ' oaves its Cost in One Year 
Hundreds of farmers have paid for a Monitor out of the increased 
yield and the seed saved the first season. It doesn’t require a big 
acreage to do this either. Would you not 
like to know more about a drill that will 
earn that much extra money 
for you every year ? 
Look for the Flying Dutchman Dealer 
He will show you this wonderful 
drill find explain how it will make 
money for you. Or, if you will 
write us at once we will send you 
an interesting illustrated booklet 
that tells all about the Monitor. 
Address Dept. 128. 
Moline Plow Co., Moline, 111 • Adriancb, Platt & Co., Poughkeepsie, N.Y. 
