680 
tHB RUHAL NEW-YORKER 
April 19, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
PLANNING THE HORSE STABLE. 
In planning for the erection of a 
new horse stable there are a number of 
important things to be taken into con¬ 
sideration in order that the animals 
may remain healthy and at the same 
time be enabled to perform the most 
effective work. The best site for the 
stable is on a stratum of hard gravel. 
If this cannot be supplied, then it 
will be necessary to drain the ground 
upon which the stable is to be built. 
Dry floors are absolutely necessary. 
These cannot be expected where the 
ground is level and the “water table” 
is near the surface. The water table 
is the level to which water rises in 
the soil a*fter a rain. In a slough the 
water table is at the surface of the 
ground, the soil being supersaturated. 
In average farm land the water table 
is found about two feet from the sur¬ 
face, and this is too close for purposes 
of stable building. By putting in tile 
drains at a depth of four feet or there¬ 
about the table will be lowered to a 
sufficient depth to insure dryness of the 
foundation soil. On such a foundation 
the stable will be healthy; where the 
ground is damp on the other hand the 
horses stand in an atmosphere full of 
moisture and are prone to suffer from 
staring coats, swelled legs, lung troubles 
and kindred ailments. 
The foundation having been provided 
the stable should be built so that the 
windows face to the south and are set 
in the wall back of the horses. This 
provides for an ample inlet of sun¬ 
shine, so that when the horses are at 
work the stable may be given a sun 
bath, which is one way of insuring 
health. A great many farmers argue 
that it is best to place the stable with 
the windows to the north, as it will 
be cooler. Certainly it will be cooler 
in Summer, and as certainly .vill it 
be ice cold in Winter. In Summer it 
is possible to shade the horses from 
the sun when indoors, and all the sun 
possible is wanted in the stable when 
the horses are at work. In Winter the 
sun from the south will tend to keep 
the stable warm and cheerful, and cer¬ 
tainly will conduce to the health of the 
animals. Others will argue that the 
sunlight is hard upon the eyes of the 
horses, and that is very true if the 
walls of the stable be whitewashed; 
but then it is a bad plan to whitewash 
the inside of the stable. To protect 
the eyes of the occupants the stable 
should be colored neutral tint or gray, 
and this is easily accomplished by mix¬ 
ing a little lamp black in the lime wash. 
The color should be anything except 
pure white. 
After the stable foundation has been 
properly drained the ground surface 
should be made impervious to moisture 
from above and below, and this is 
accomplished by concrete of gravel, sand 
and cement. It is well to do this, as 
noxious gases and moisture cannot 
then come up from the ground, and 
at the same time the fluids of the 
stable cannot get into the soil to fester 
and breed noxious exhalations. Pro¬ 
vision should be made for proper 
ventilation not only at the roof of the 
stable, but at the floor. The light 
gases in a stable are carried of by ridge 
ventilators, but the carbonic acid of 
the exhaled air from the lungs is heavy 
and falls upon the floor, and should be 
removed, and this is to be accomplished 
by ventilator bricks or other inlets for 
fresh air at the ground surface. This 
is all the more necessary in hog and 
sheep barns, as the animals mentioned 
sleep with their heads close to the 
floor, and practically drown in their 
own carbonic acid gas if the ventila¬ 
tors be not provided. The common 
ridge ventilator cannot be depended 
upon. According to the direction of 
the wind it pumps out air or allows it 
to enter. It should do one or both at 
all times, and this is insured by provid¬ 
ing it with a partition through the 
center from top to bottom. Where this 
is done, it will be found that at all 
times one side is pumping out air and 
the other side sucking it in. By furnish- 
ventilation is preferable. In it fresh air 
ing the ceiling opening of the ventilator 
with two slides the ventilator can then 
be used for either purpose as required. 
The more modern 'King system otf 
enters at the level of the ceiling, forces 
the warm air down upon the animals 
and out through side shafts which con¬ 
nect with a high cbiinn^r which acts 
as a sucking pump. In this way a cir¬ 
culation of air is maintained at all 
times and the warm air is utilized for 
keeping up the temperature in the 
stable. This system is now being every¬ 
where introduced, dr. a. s. Alexander. 
Clover and Sweet Apples for Hogs. 
What about raising clover and sweet 
apples for hogs? My plan is to put clover 
in the orchard for a Summer pasture. 
Pordsville, Ivy. a. k. 
The plan would work after the clover 
was well started. Annual crops of rape 
and oats and peas would probably give 
more feed. The sweet apples will give 
considerable bulk, but do not contain much 
food. It will pay to spray the sweet ap¬ 
ples. They will hang to the trees better 
and give a longer season. 
Urinary Trouble. 
We have a new horse, a fine fellow, seems 
perfectly well, a good roader and splendid 
■worker. The only thing that seems at all 
out of the way is that when hitched up 
in the morning he is troubled with excess of 
urine. After that there is not much 
unusual through the day. There is no in¬ 
dication of any weakness. Is there occa¬ 
sion for doing anything for it? H. o. w. 
Massachusetts. 
No medicines need be given, but you 
should see to it that bedding is shaken 
up under the horse in stall before he starts 
out, as some horses do not care to urinate 
on a bare floor, or you might turn the 
horse out in yard for exercise before he 
goes to work. a. s. a. 
Calf Cholera. 
Can you give me any information con¬ 
cerning my calves? Have had for the past 
month about seven calves, which have all 
died. They seem to breathe heavily and 
then develop scours, and only live one or 
two days. I am fattening a number of 
calves we bought and they get along 
finely. E. o. 
New York. 
The disease is due to specific germs, born 
with the calf or derived from infected 
bedding, and is contagious and practically 
incurable. It is preventable by vaccinating 
with the polyvalent bacterin against calf 
dysentery, and the cow may also be treated 
by vaccination, so that she will not have 
a scouring calf. In addition to the use of 
the serum or bacterin it is necessary to 
make the stables sanitary and to disinfect 
the navel of the.calf at birth with a 1-500 
solution of corrosive sublimate. In some 
instances, immediately used, the serum has 
saved the life of an affected calf. a. s. a. 
IDEAL DAIRY FEED 
More Protein and Fat than Oil Meal. About 
same as Cotton Seed .Meal. Never injurious. Ask 
your dealer or write for information on feeding. 
THE DEWEY BROS. CO., Box 544, Blanchester, O. 
^Calves Without Milk\ 
Cost only half as much as the milk 
raised calves. Increase your 
profits by using 
Blatcliford’s Calf Meal 
AND UP 
WARD 
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-So/* United States Distributors 
L. C. PRIME CO., 320 Board of Trade, Boston 
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(XJV 
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because 
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