616 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
April 26, 
Milk 
In effect April 1, 1913, the N. Y. Milk 
Exchange price was reduced 10 cents per 
40-quart can, now being: B (selected raw 
and pasteurized), $1.71 per 40-quart can; 
C (for cooking and manufacturing), $1.61, 
netting 3 V 2 and 3% cents to shippers in 
the 26-cent zone. 
The zones are fixed by the Interstate 
Commerce Commission as follows: 23 cents 
for the first 40 miles from New York; 26 
cents for the next 60 miles; 29 cents for 
the next 90 miles; beyond this, 32 cents. 
The railroads allow a discount for car lots 
of 10,000 quarts of 10 and 12% per cent. 
Buffalo Milk. 
The milk controversies in Buffalo quieted 
down for awhile, but have again flamed 
up about as fiercely as ever. The city deal¬ 
ers announce that they will probably again 
advance prices on May 1 to nine and pos¬ 
sibly 10 cents a quart on the plea that the 
cost is going up so fast. The condensing 
companies are in the field, they say, and are 
paying advanced prices, so of course the 
thing to do is to advance the price to 
consumers at least two or three times as 
much as it is advanced to the dealers. 
But here is the way the condenser compe¬ 
tition is looming up. The Borden company 
has just signed contracts with the farmers 
iu Central New York for the Summer's milk 
supply at $1.40 for April per hundred; 
$1.15 for May; $1 for .Tune; $1.25 for July; 
$1.35 for August and $1.50 for September. 
Let anyone do a little figuring with these 
prices to the producer, as against even 
eight cents a quart to the consumer, and 
he will find a very big margin for the 
milk dealer to work upon. Oddly enough 
the Buffalo Housewives’ League appears to 
be making no protest. . One of the leaders 
is quoted as saying of course they will 
have to pay more for milk if the dealers do, 
adding that the League will not be very 
active during the Summer. It looks as if 
the milk consumer was up against it, with¬ 
out helping the farmer very much either. 
The milk war has just broken out in the 
Lockport district, where it seems that the 
farmers are standing for a wholesale price 
of 16 and 18 cents a gallon, in place of 
14 and 16 cents. The Housewives' League 
is active there. The milk dealers are 
holding to their offers and the farmers are 
joining forces on a cooperative plan, which 
contemplates the retailing of milk by them 
at a cut price of six cents a quart in Sum¬ 
mer and seven cents in IV in ter, the present 
price being eight cents all the year. The 
head of the farmers’ movement is Corpora¬ 
tion Counsel M. A. Federspiel of Lockport, 
who owns a big dairy not far outside of 
the city. There are already 200 members 
of the cooperative league and it is given 
out that milk wagons will soon be put on 
in Lockport, with supply stations in various 
parts of the city. No doubt the proper 
way for farmers to escape the encroach¬ 
ments of the middleman is to unite in some 
such way. The difficulty has always been 
that any sort of cooperation was very hard 
to bring about. j. w. c. 
Boston Milk Situation. 
The bottle milk regulation put into effect 
by the city board of health something like 
a year ago has worked out satisfactorily 
with -few exceptions. Commissioner Mau- 
lowny of the city board of health states that 
probably 80 to 85 per cent, of the retail 
milk dealers are obeying the law to the 
letter. A few are side-stepping to some 
extent by some excuse or other, urged on 
by legal advice from those who think they 
have discovered a loop-hole or two by which 
the law- can be stretched or twisted if sani¬ 
tary conditions are strictly adhered to. 
However, the health board has been watch¬ 
ing these, and officials think they now 
have their regulations perfected so they 
can successfully prosecute these cases, and 
actions along this line will probably be 
taken at once. "While it looks unreasonable 
to some not to be allowed to sell milk by 
quart measure or by dip tank methods when 
these are made strictly sanitary, and sur¬ 
roundings are all right, yet to look at the 
matter from all sides it is not really safe 
for this reason: Perhaps nine cases will 
be all right in every way, only healthy per¬ 
sons handling the milk in these places, yet 
in the tenth place, maybe by accident, ty¬ 
phoid germs are distributed through some of 
the clerks or customers in some w'ay or 
other, or some other dangerous disease is 
lei loose, and to avoid the ever-present 
chances of this happening the bottle milk 
regulation was issued as the safest course 
to pursue. 
A week ago it looked as if the milk 
prices were practically settled, but at pres¬ 
ent writing there is a chance of quite a 
fight yet. Few if any are satisfied w r ith 
any of the prices offered or posted, and 
quite a majority are willing to fight for 
one cent a can advance above the offered 
price. It looks as if the contractors are 
trying to take advantage of what they think 
is an advantageous time to force their 
price on us, because the new farmers’ milk 
association is not yet fully on its feet. 
While this is true to a certain extent, yet 
the territory is fairly well covered in most 
cases, and any unfair advantage taken at 
this time by the contractors can only re¬ 
sult to our advantage by forcing the farm¬ 
ers who may be holding back from indif¬ 
ference, etc., to come out strong and join 
tiie new association as the only self-defense 
that can be successful in giving us a price 
for our milk which can give us a profit 
above cost of production, and this we have 
got to have or go out of the business. The 
Mayor of Boston and other interested city 
officials are in favor of the city taking the 
matter out of the contractors’ hands by 
buying the milk and selling at cost to 
consumers. They say in doing this they 
can pay the farmer better prices than he 
now receives, and sell to the consumer for 
less than they pay now, and increase the 
consumption of milk to quite an extent. A 
law permitting the city to do this is already 
passed, and the coast is clear to go ahead 
on this line if the situation makes it neces¬ 
sary to do so. and the Mayor says he will 
not have a milk strike under any considera¬ 
tion. The chances are if this can be suc¬ 
cessfully carried through it will mean 
Massachusetts producers will have first 
chance to supply this market as far as 
they can, and I believe that, properly en¬ 
couraged, they would respond in a surpris¬ 
ing manner and make up much of the 
ground they have lost for the past few years 
in the production of milk. A. E. r. 
Milk Ration. 
Will you figure out the cheapest grain 
ration possible from two or more of the 
following feeds and prices? How much of 
the mixture shall I feed per pound of milk? 
Wheat bran $1.40 per 100 pounds; cornmeal 
$1.25; oilmeal $2.25 ; wheat middlings $1.50. 
The ration is intended for milch cows. 
Pennsylvania. A. J. M. 
Four pounds of wheat bran, two pounds 
cornmeal and two pounds of oil meal will 
make a good mixture, and quality consid¬ 
ered, is about as cheap as you can get. 
Feed one pound of grain to 3% to four 
pounds of milk. c. l. m. 
More Cattle Needed. 
High cost of living seems to be more in 
meat than other commodities. For last 
month there have been several men inquir¬ 
ing for veal calves and paying high prices 
for them. This goes to show that in future 
beef is going to be “out of sight” for the 
“common trash.” I would like to see a 
law passed making it a misdemeanor to kill 
a heifer until after she had her first calf, 
and by so doing we would surely have 
something growing and might raise a good 
milker when we could see what kind of 
cow she was. Possibly some of the readers 
of The R. N.-Y. might comment on this 
and convince me I am wrong. e. c. m. 
Alexander, N. Y. 
R. N.-YL—Such a proposition would 
hardly be practicable as a “law.” The 
way to increase the supply of cattle is to 
make it more profitable for farmers to raise 
them. There would be no sense in compell¬ 
ing a man to raise a heifer whether she 
paid or not. Make conditions such that 
beef raising pays on the Eastern farms and 
there will be cattle enough. 
Violation of Milk Law. 
Has a milk station any right to ship “C” 
milk as “B” milk? Many milk producers 
are indignant because while being paid for 
the lower grade milk, they dump their 
product into the same vat with the “B” 
grade. Another complaint is, that the cans 
furnished are frequently utterly unfit to 
contain milk to be used for food. The 
farmers themselves would not use such 
cans, and feel sorry for the “city folks” 
who are using the milk shipped in same. 
c. H. H. 
We have taken this matter up with the 
Department of Health of New York City 
and they write as follows: 
“With reference to your statement that 
you have received complaint from time to 
time that while dairymen are paid for ‘C 
milk, such is labeled ‘P>,’ this has received 
the attention of this office in the past, and 
would appreciate information as to where 
such violations are reported to take place. 
Action will then be taken by this depart¬ 
ment.” RUSSELL RAYNOR, 
Chief Div. of Food Inspection. 
We suggest that you write Mr. Raynor, 
addressing the Department of Health, New 
York City, telling him of any such prac¬ 
tices in violation of the milk shipping laws 
as have come under your observation, and 
we have no doubt that they will receive 
prompt attention at the hands of that de¬ 
partment. M. B. D. 
Milk, per 100 pounds, $1.65; calves, 10; 
eggs, 17: hay, baled, per ton, $15 to $17; 
straw, $10 to $11; live chickens, 15; dress¬ 
ed, 22; tobacco, 5 to 7; potatoes, 60 to 
70 : butter, home-made, 30 to 35. 
Iloneybrook, Fa. T. H. G. 
We have had few warm days here, and 
a lot of rain. Some farmers are making 
sugar and have had a few good sugar 
days. Syrup is selling for $1 a gallon. 
Eggs, 18 to 20 ; butter, 34 to 36 ; potatoes, 
50 cents a bushel, are not very plenty. 
Milk, at the milk station, $1.61 per hundred, 
for March, and $1.51 for April. Cows are 
selling at sales, $35 to $55; hay in barns, 
loose, $10; baled hay, $14; oats, 40; veal, 
eight cents live, 11 dressed; pork, 11 live, 
12 to 13 dressed. Horses, $150 to $250, 
not many sold here. E. w. 
Moores, Pa. 
Plymouth Co., Iowa, is mainly a corn¬ 
growing county, feeding a large sharf of 
its product. A feeder just back from Sioux 
City market received live weight $8.50 per 
100 pounds. Corn 40 to 43; oats, 30; 
Winter wheat. 85 to 90 (a large acreage 
out), yield always good. Potatoes 45 to 
50; feeders scarce and high, fresh cows 
$65 to $80. Hay, wild, shipped in, $12 to 
$15. Alfalfa, home-grown, $18, and we are 
in the Alfalfa belt. Our land is selling 
for $125 and up. Our farmers are the 
nabobs of the situation. They can borrow 
money on chattels that your eastern bank¬ 
ers would sneer at. We are not hidebound, 
but are growing. In a few years the East 
will bow to us, instead of to Wall Street. 
Watch us grow. c. I. 
Akron, Iowa. 
Good fresh cows, $50 to $75. At a re¬ 
cent auction a good two-year-old heifer sold 
for $50.50. Feed is quite cheap and cows 
are high. Butter, 33; eggs, 17; potatoes, 
40. Spring pigs are a very scarce article 
at any price; probably $3 each or more for 
pigs four weeks old. The Borden price for 
milk for six months is $1.40 per hundred 
for April; $1.15, May; $1, .Tune; $1.25, 
July ; $1.35, August; $1.50, September. For 
all milk testing 3.8 per cent, butter fat or 
better a premium of 10 cents per hundred 
pounds will be paid. All who produce “B” 
milk got 10 cents more yet. The Bordens 
have three teams hauling milk from Elk 
Creek to their plant at Schenevus, free to 
the milk producers of Elk Creek Valley. 
Elk Creek, N. Y. v. s. c. 
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