1913. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
603 
Milk 
In effect May 1, 1913, the N. Y. Milk 
Exchange price was reduced 10 cents per 
40 -quart can, now being: B (selected raw 
and pasteurized), $1.61 per 40-quart can; 
C (for cooking and manufacturing), $1.51 
netting 3J4 and 3 cents to shippers in 
the 26-cent zone. 
The zones are fixed by the Interstate 
Commerce Commission as follows: 23 cents 
for the first 40 miles from New York; 26 
cents for the next GO miles; 29 cents for 
the next 90 miles; beyond this, 32 cents. 
The railroads allow a discount for car lots 
of 10,000 quarts of 10 and 12% per cent. 
They have milk inspectors also on the 
other side of the water. An English dairy¬ 
man is said to have hung up the following 
for their benefit: 
Will you walk into my cowshed? 
Said file farmer to the men; 
’Tis the prettiest little cowshed 
That ever you did ken. 
The floors are spread with carpets, 
A piano’s in the stall, 
And for the cow's aesthetic taste, 
I've pictures on the wall. 
As to pasture, and especially new seeding 
and hay, the outlook is not encouraging. 
We have had a long period of dry cold 
north winds that are very trying, and there 
is no let-up yet. I doubt if there are as 
many cattle in the country as a few years 
ago. At least buyers tell me they are hard 
to pick up, and local butchers complain 
that they are unable to find more than occa¬ 
sional beef animals, and are buying western 
beef. The dairy prices are not abnormal, 
and any scarcity in that line has not led 
to any exorbitant prices. Our soil here is 
what the Government surveyors (Geological 
Survey) called Volusia silt. It packs easily 
under pasturage, makes permanent pasture 
diflicult, except in wet places, and renders 
rotation very necessary. As regards the 
opening I think where a comparatively few 
cows are kept the returns are fairly satis¬ 
factory. Where they increased to such an 
extent that it requires figuring to support 
them there is little or nothing in them and 
oftentimes a loss. In a nutshell they are 
all right if only what the farm can easily 
support are kept. Double the numbers and 
you more than double the expense. Go 
careful. f. M. h. 
lleynoldsville, N. Y. 
The Fat Test for Milk. 
The butter-fat test went into effect the 
first of April to a moderate degree in the 
milk shipping district. Already there are 
more than rumors of disatisfaction in some 
quarters. There seems to be a greater 
temptation to work schemes with the test 
than with anything else in conection with 
the handling of milk. There are men who 
will not violate their consciences by manip¬ 
ulating the test, but there are some who 
seem to be differently constituted. To 
these men the temptation to modify the ac¬ 
curacy of the test is more than they can 
stand, and the result is injustice to the 
producer and dissatisfaction on all sides, ex¬ 
cept to a favored few who may be in a 
position to exert an influence in the locality. 
The plan adopted is to pay extra for all 
milk testing over 3.7 per cent. The plan 
is faulty at the outset. The reason for 
introducing the test is to be found in the 
fact that since it has been out the fat con¬ 
tent of milk has been constantly deteriorat¬ 
ing. In some sections it has gone so low 
by selection of cows and by breeding that 
the milk is positively below standard. It 
seemed necessary for the dealers to do some¬ 
thing to counteract the tendency, and the 
result has been, to adopt the test to the 
extent noted. 
Conditions are a little chaotic. Milk 
drawers who have heavy loads of milk to 
haul insist upon turning the contents of a 
part can into others that are not com¬ 
pletely filled. This mixes milk of different 
dairies together, and a complete sample 
is impossible. The sample taken may be 
far from fair, for the milk that is not 
Included in the one case, or that may be in¬ 
cluded from another dairy in another case 
may be either richer or poorer than that 
from which the sample is taken. This does 
not explain all the discrepancies in test re¬ 
ports, but it goes to show the carelessness 
of some methods that are employed. For 
all that, there ought not to be a difference 
of seven points in a test upon different 
days. This amount of difference has been 
known recently in the reports that have 
come from the creamery, and the actual 
test that has been made on the farm where 
all the milk was carefully sampled. There 
has been a difference of six points in re¬ 
ports from the factory on different days. 
No one can justify such reimrts. If it is 
possible for such variations to be found in 
an honest test, then there is no justice 
in the law which permits lines when there 
is a difference between the test made by 
the State authorities from samples collected 
at the creamery and samples taken at the 
dairy a day or a few days later. I am 
more in sympathy with the justice of the 
law which sanctions the comparison of the 
two tests than with such reports from the 
creamery showing greater variations. We 
have either to admit the injustice of the 
law or assert that the creamery test is in¬ 
correct. Then when the home test is fully 
up to the highest test at the creamery and 
8eveu points above the later report of the 
creamery it is undeniable that either the 
sample of the creamery is bad or the test 
wrong. Creamery owners ought to lay pres¬ 
sure on managers who are making such 
reports, or they will lay themselves open 
to the charge of being parties to a fraud. 
I have said that the plan of the test 
as outlined this Spring is wrong. It is ex¬ 
pected to get a better grade "of milk by the 
test, that farmers will take pains to grade 
up and select so as.to make milk of a 
Higher fat content. The reverse will re¬ 
sult in the case of all low-testing milk. 
If one gets as much for 3.2 per cent milk 
as for 3.7 per cent then the tendency will 
be to get as near the 3.2 per cent as pos¬ 
sible if the test is below 3.8 per cent as 
it is in a great many cases. It is not so 
much the men who have 3.7 milk that the 
dealers are anxious to have improve as it 
is those who have milk that is near stand¬ 
ard or below it. The plan adopted may 
help the one who nears the 3.8 per cent 
to grade up, hut it will not reach the man 
who is very low. Further than that, it will 
not encourage the man who has four per 
cent milk to go any higher, but will en¬ 
courage the man with 3.6 per cent milk to 
go lower. Then the distorted reports will 
tend still more to discourage the improve¬ 
ment of the quality. It may he that wrong 
reports are not so common in all sections, 
and I doubt if they are, but a few go a long 
way to bring the method into discredit. 
H. H. L. 
“ Dipped ’’ Milk Regulation, 
Associations of dealers in “loose” or 
“dipped” milk and individual dealers, of 
whom there are about 29,000 in New 
York city, are to fight Health Commis¬ 
sioner Ernest .T. Lederle's proposed regu¬ 
lations regarding its sale, which have been 
submitted to the associations for their con¬ 
sideration. A hearing wili be held before 
June 1 and the milk sellers hope to have 
the regulations so modified that repntable 
dealers will not object to them. The reg¬ 
ulations are as follows : 
After June 1, 1913, the sale of milk 
dipped from cans will be permitted only 
in milk stores approved by this depart¬ 
ment and for which a permit has been 
issued, or in places in which foodstuffs 
other than milk products are sold in origi¬ 
nal packages only. 
t. The goods which may be sold in ac¬ 
cordance with the preceding rule include 
any foods when contained in unbroken 
packages, also eggs, butter, cream, cheese, 
bread and crackers. 
2. “Loose” or ‘'dipped” milk shall not 
be stored, handled or sold in any stable, or 
in any room used for cooking or domestic 
purposes, or in any room which communi¬ 
cates directly with any such stable or 
room, or in any room in which there is 
a lavatory apartment or with which a 
lavatory apartment communicates, unless 
such apartment is enclosed by a vestibule 
and both apartment and vestibule are prop¬ 
erly ventilated to the external air. 
3. The use of a booth or small room 
In which to store milk or cream is pro¬ 
hibited. 
4. “Loose" or “dipped” milk shall not 
be stored, handled or sold in any room 
which is dark, poorly ventilated, or in 
which rubbish or useless material is al¬ 
lowed to accumulate, or in which there 
are offensive odors. 
5. “Loose” or "dipped” milk shall not 
be stored, handled or sold in any room 
which is unduly crowded or in which there 
is not sufficient unoccupied floor space 
so that the premises may be readily kept 
clean. 
6. The floors of rooms in which “loose” 
or “dipped” milk is stored, handled or 
sold shall be smooth, free from crevices 
or other places where dirt and vermin may 
lodge, and they shall be watertight. The 
walls and ceilings of all such rooms shall 
be of enamel brick, cement or plaster, 
with a hard finish. In the event that 
enamel brick is not used the walls must 
be painted to the satisfaction of the De¬ 
partment of Health with some light col¬ 
ored paint. 
7. The cans from which “loose” or 
“dipped” milk is sold must be kept in a 
properly constructed ice tub surrounded 
with ice and must be kept covered at all 
times except when milk is actually being 
dipped therefrom. These tubs must be 
painted both inside and outside to the 
satisfaction of the Department of Health 
and must be maintained in a clean con¬ 
dition at all times. A sufficient number 
of ice tubs must be provided to care for 
all the milk or cream stored on the prem¬ 
ises. All measures and other utensils 
used in the handling of “loose” or “dipped" 
milk must b<^ of the seamless type and 
must be kept clean while in use. All uten¬ 
sils must be thoroughly cleaned with hot 
water and soda immediately after each 
day’s use. 
S. An adequate supply of running hot 
and cold water must be provided for the 
washing and cleaning of milk utensils. 
9. "Loose” or “dipped” milk shall not 
be kept for sale, handled or stored in any 
room in which butter or cheese is manu¬ 
factured, or which has a direct communi¬ 
cation with a room in which such ma¬ 
terial is prepared. 
10. The attendants who handle “loose" 
or “dipped” milk shall wear clean white 
outer clothing while engaged in the hand¬ 
ling of milk. 
“MASHER'S EQUAL —ofrr,’ 
breeding—three-years-old bull, by Slasher’s Sequel, 
from A. R. dam. C. J. HERRICK, Delmar, N. Y. 
f'rylli#* kind that bring the cows, 
V-Ollie rlipS NELSON'S. Grove City. Pa! 
IX 
onsEs 
5U STALLIONS 
and MARES. $250 to $1000 each 
Write for my Illustrated 
Circular telling why I can save 
you money on the purchase of a Per- 
chcron or Belgian Stallion or Mare. 
A. W. Green, Middlefield, O. 
R. R. Sta., E. Orwell, on Penna. Ry. 
Midway between Ashtabula & Warren 
Adirondack Farms, Glens Falls, N. Y. 
Ibe greatest breeding establishment 
in the East 
Percheron, Belgian and 
Suffolk Punch Horses 
Thro* importations of 80 head in 
seven months. Quality draft stal¬ 
lions that will make yon money. 
Is there one needed in your town! 
Send for CoUitogue C. 
I ou get hnest Jersey Ked 
Pigs at cost of common stock by 
our New Sales Offer. 
I New Illustrated Catalog FREE. 
OLLINS’JERSEY RED 
best 
PERCHERON BELGIAN 
STALLIONS 
PUREBRED REGISTERED 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE 
X St. Paul, Minnesota, newspaper reports that the 
town of N'orthfield, Minnesota, (with a population of 
less than 3,500) has two banks with assets of more than 
11.000,000 each. Bank officials attribute their prosperity 
to the business in purebred Holstein cattle which has de¬ 
veloped into great proportions the past few years. The 
Holstein herds of the country tributary to N'orthfield are 
bringing thousands of dollars a month to breeders. 
There is room for you in this profitable bnsiness. The 
supply will not overtake the demand in thirty years. 
Send for our >» :e Illustrated Descriptive Booklets 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASS’N, r. L. HOUGHTON. Sec y. Bo* 105. Brattleboro, Vt. 
CATTLE 
UfE HAVE A YOUNG BULL FOR SALE that is a show ani- 
■* mal, largely white and right in everyway. Born 
Oct. 31. 1913. Price, *100. Send for pedigree 
CLOVEHDALE FARM, - Charlotte, N. Y. 
G UERNSKYS-COWS. HEIFERS AN0 BULLS-Two 
bulls old enough for service. Prices, $100 up. 
W. ROBERT DUNLOP. Trolley Station 19. Fayetteville, It. Y. 
Butter Profits 
You ought to get more butter 
profits. Jersey Cattle mean 
more butter profits, because 
they yield more butter fat at 
less net cost of keep than any 
other breed. 
THE JERSEY 
excels in beauty of dairy type. She Is a 
persistent milker. Jerseys are easily accli¬ 
mated. They live long and keep healthy. 
They mean steady butter profits. Write 
now for Jersey facts. Free for the asking. 
~ AMERICAN JERSEY CATTLE CLUB f 
324 W. 23d St,, New York 
“EAST RIVER GRADE H0LSTE1NS ” 
FOR SALE 
GO COWS served to come fresh this fall and milking 
from thirty-five to forty pounds per day, now. 
20 FRESH COWS. You will like them. Gome and 
see them milked. 
25 COWS due to calve this spring—Good size and 
in fine condition. 
Registered Bulls and Registered Cows also For Sale. 
Bell Phone, JOHN B. WEBSTER, 
No. Sll-F-S Dept. B Cortland, N. Y. 
DAIRYMEN 
Your profits will be INCREASED by that 
Most Economical Producer 
The Guernsey Cow 
If you want such, write 
The American Guernsey Cattle Club 
Box Y PETERBORO. N. H. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves f®,, s *s 
offer. THE GATES HOMESTEAD FARM, Chittenanao, N. Y. 
Breed Up—Not Down - 
|—i Jersey Bull Calves 
you can afford to 
buy. Superior dairy dams. No better sires. K. F* 
SHANNON, 907 Liberty Street, Pittsburg, Pa. 
If You Want Guernseys ^sV^th ?® 1 mw 
GUERNSEY BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION, Box 96. Peekskiil.N. Y. 
Thoroughbred Registered Holstein Bulls 
for sale cheap at farmer's prices. One born July 
4. 1912: others from two weeks to two months old. 
All well-grown, perfectly marked, well-bred and 
guaranteed right in every particular. 
S’, B. McUEStNAN, . Syracuse, N. Y. 
Closing-Out Bargain Sale-Ja£ r h % d 0 e a 
Grade year-old, bred to hornless Senaan Buck- l 
Pair kids. 1 Senaan Buck. F. P. Knowles, Guilford, Ct. 
THOROUGHBRED JERSEY BULLS — 1C 
1 and 18 months old. Tuberculin tested by Stato 
Veterinary. $50 each Lindsey Greene, Indian Fields, N Y 
We want to get 
acquainted with 
you. It will be 
interesting. 
Price and Qual¬ 
ity will be the 
convincing 
argument. 
A step {award 
when buying a 
Stallion of 
GEO. W. SOUERS & SONS, Huntington, Indiana 
Branch Barn at Harrison Place, off Harrison Street, Post Office Box 333, Syracuse, N. Y. 
E ureka stock 
Registered Jersey 
Bulls and Heifers. 
2 mos. to 2 years old. 
Chester White. Po¬ 
land China and Berk¬ 
shire Pigs, all ages. 
Collie Pups and a 
variety of POULTK 
EDWARD WALTER, West Chester, Pa. 
Springbank Berkshire Herd 
Has bred more high-class hogs than any in Connec¬ 
ticut. Have sows bred for Spring litters and some 
Summer farrowed sow pigs that are right to be bred 
for next Summer farrow. Write me. Address. 
J. E. WATSON. PROP., MAIiBLEDALE, CONN. 
Large Berkshires at Highwood 
Bred Sows, Service Boars, Pigs all ages. Ninety 
brood sows and seven mature herd boars in our 
brooding herd. No animal good enough unless 
large enough. We have the large, long-l>odied and 
good-headed kind that make good in the farrowing 
pen as well as show ring. 
H. C. & H. B. Harpending, Dundee, N. Y. 
Duroc March PigST^S? rfei?-. fiMrt: 
CHELDON FARM registered Durocs. Pigs of both sex 
Bred Sows. Service Boars. Best of breeding 
C. K. BARNES. Oxford. N. Y. 
Alfalfa Lodge YORKSHIRES 
Large Englisii White, short-nose type. 
Spring pigs ready. Trios not akin. 
J. G. CURTIS, Box 272, Rochester, N. Y. 
YORKSHIRE PIGS 
Ten weeks old. Ready to ship. Choicest blood 
of Western herds combined with Canadian 
•took of recognized supremacy. Registration 
free. Satisfaction or money back quick. 
CRAM WOOD FARMS, South Amherst,Mass. 
CHESTER WHITE PIGS 
C. HBNR Y PEASE. 
from record¬ 
ed stock 
FOR SALK 
MAPLETOW. N- Y. 
CTRONG, HANDSOME MULES—5 and 9 
w years; guaranteed sound; 12 hands; reasonable, 
Reg- Angoras. L. Ttiyson, 43 Ashford St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
P ERCHERON STALLIONS, with quality guaranteed, at 
farmer's prices. BONNY BROOK FARM, Gardiner, N. Y. 
SWINE 
Rip- Y ork^hirp c-*L»rge English \ ork- 
°‘fa ■ urfk&nires ,hires; pigs8 weeks’ 
old; registered; f. o. b. Hamilton, $10; 3 for $27. 
FRANK TOOKK, Memeyliotit Farm, Hamilton, N. Y. 
Horses and Mules 
SHETLAND PONIES 
An unceasing source of i>le*«uie amt health to children. 
Safe and ideal j>laymates. Inexpensive to keep. Highest type. 
Complete outfit*. Satisfaction gu;irMUUe«l. Illustrated Cata¬ 
logue. BKLLK MKaDK KAKM, Box 20, Markham, Va. 
