1913. 
<THED RURAL* NEW-YORKER 
OB3 
AN OHIO DAIRYMAN. 
I am interested in that question of 
father and son: In this case I would 
advise my own boy to buy the 40-acre 
farm and equip it for dairying. The 
stabling need not be very expensive to 
begin. I would have cement gutters be¬ 
hind the cows to save all the liquid 
manure; have plenty of light and ven¬ 
tilation. These are the three essentials. 
I would not advise building an expen¬ 
sive barn at the start. Do this later on, 
when you have more experience and 
money. Old Brindle docs not care a 
picayune whether her stable is covered 
with straw or slate so she keeps dry. 
Build a good silo and raise sorghum to 
fill it. I have been filling my silo with 
sorghum for 10 years, and find that my 
cows relish it apparently as well as corn, 
and it makes so much more feed. It 
will grow later than corn and it bears 
planting so much more closely in the 
row. There is always plenty of water 
in it, so you can take your own time in 
filling. There is no hurry to fill for 
fear your sorghum will get too dry. 
You will get one-fourth more feed, and 
your silo will hold one-fourth more 
silage on account of packing better in 
the silo because of its weight. By grow¬ 
ing Alfalfa you can raise all the protein 
on the farm for cows which give 30 
pounds of 5% milk. Feed your cows 
according to the amount of butter fat 
they produce, .045 of a pound of protein 
being required to produce one pound of 
5% milk. Feed your cows as individ¬ 
uals and not as a herd all alike. Find 
out the individual requirements of each 
cow. And remember that no greater 
mistake can be made than to allow your 
cows to run down in flesh during the 
resting period. Keep your young heifers 
thrifty but not fat, only as fat as you 
can keep them on Alfalfa. 
1 like this young man’s idea of de¬ 
veloping a herd of high producing ani¬ 
mals by starting with good grades and 
working up. The writer commenced this 
way 25 •years ago with grades and one 
registered cow, which was a great pro¬ 
ducer. I always used a registered sire 
of a good butter family, and to-day I 
have a herd of 25 registered Jerseys, all 
decendants of this one cow, and have 
sold quite a number of cows. It is sur¬ 
prising how quickly you can build up a 
herd from one cow. But don’t bank 
much on service fees. It won't pay. In 
the registry business it is practically giv¬ 
ing your stock away. Better cut it out 
entirely, and sell your neighbors a bull 
Calf. JAMES A. SPEAR. 
Ohio. 
PUREBRED STOCK. 
I have just read with interest young 
farmer’s problem on page 592. That the 
world owes us all a living is an old 
maxim, and that almost all mankind 
does live somehow seems to be equally 
true. Why there should be any uncer¬ 
tainty in the vocation of tilling the soil 
seems strange. All the prosperity of the 
country emanated from the soil and the 
crops taken therefrom. Food for all 
the people, what we wear, our com¬ 
merce and manufactures have to depend 
on the crops for existence; without 
grain, beef, lumber, cotton, etc., there 
would not be much for railroads to 
carry, little material for the mills and 
less for those who work in them. It 
would appear from this, farm life should 
be looked upon with reverence, not con¬ 
tempt, but let us review the expecta¬ 
tions of the young man. Forty acres 
docs not appear ample enough for a 
dairy farm unless intensified feeding is 
to be practiced, when more than market 
prices must be received to make up for 
the extra cost of keep and care. The 
idea of a purebred sire and grade cows 
to commence with is good, but purebred 
females would cost little more, and 
prove more profitable. We cannot rear 
grade calves beyond the vealing age on 
a 40-acre farm at a profit. A purebred 
sire ought to be a paying proposition 
in any neighborhood. It is claimed that 
only 4% of the cattle in the great State 
of New York are purebred, and New 
York State ranks near the top in dairy 
matters. 
Our farmers are paying high prices 
for the best sires they can get. I know 
of one instance when a young man 
bought a calf for $600, then went home 
and sold 12 cows to get the money. 
Others are co-operating; instead of pay¬ 
ing $500 for four animals they are pay¬ 
ing $2,000 for a single animal, and all 
four are reaping an increased benefit. 
The fees from a high-class sire will not 
figure largely in the profits except in a 
few isolated cases; generally one who 
will patronize such a bull will own one 
equally as good himself. There are ex¬ 
amples where an interest in a leading 
sire has been the means of making a 
3 'oung man, both financially and giving 
him a reputation among the leading 
breeders. 
As for scientific feeding, testing and 
record breaking or making the most 
practical dairy science a young man can 
indulge in today, is to weed out the 
low yield cow and replace her with one 
doing 10,000 pounds, also those deficient 
in butter fat. With a premium paid for 
3.8 milk, the three per cent, cow must 
give way to the four per cent cow. H. 
New York. 
Ration for Butter Fat. 
What would bo boat balanced ration for 
cows for butter? We have for roughage 
Timothy hay, cornstalks, wheat and oat 
straw. For grain ration we have corn, 
oats and wheat (one-half of wheat is chess). 
What other grain must be added? Is it 
best to feed cornstalks whole or pulp? Is 
it good policy to let cows out in barn¬ 
yard when they have free access to wheat 
and oat straw? w. J. w. 
Rochester, N. Y. 
The Timothy hay and cornstalks are all 
right for roughage, but straw, especially 
wheat straw, is rather poor fodder for 
milch cows. If necessary oat straw may 
be used, if supplemented with sufficient 
nutrients in concentrated form. The corn¬ 
stalks will be worth more if cut or shredded 
than whole. Cottor.-seed meal, linseed 
meal, gluten or distillers’ grains should be 
added to your home-grown grains to make 
up the deficiency in protein. A mixture of 
four pounds of your grains, two pounds 
of cotton-seed meal and two pounds lin¬ 
seed meal would be good. It will be best 
to use an equal amount of linseed meal if 
you use cotton-seed meal, on account of 
the constipating effect of the cotton seed. 
It will do the cows no harm to run to 
straw stack, but It will be a better way 
to dispose of the straw to use it for 
bedding. c. l. m. 
White Streaks in Butter. 
What causes white streaks in otherwise 
yellow butter? Has unequal heating of the 
cream before churning auything to do with 
it? J. C. a. 
Idaho. 
When cream is ripened until it is quite 
sour, or, to speak accurately, when the 
lactic acid exceeds one-half of one per 
cent., the casein is in the form of casein 
lactate, or curdled milk, which is in¬ 
soluble in water or brine. After the 
ordinary process of churning it is quite 
difficult to remove all the buttermilk 
from the butter, and the buttermilk con¬ 
tains casein lactate. In the case of un¬ 
salted butter the casein lactate is evenly 
distributed and has no visible effect ex¬ 
cept a slight lightening of the color of 
the butter. When salt is added, how¬ 
ever, it hardens and localizes the casein 
lactate. Further working draws these 
spots out into streaks. These streaks 
and splashes, known as mottles, are not 
apparent at first, as it takes some time 
for the salt to produce its greatest ef¬ 
fect. Mottling will not occur unless salt 
is present, and for that reason was for¬ 
merly thought to be due to unequal salt¬ 
ing. The primary cause, however, is the 
presence of buttermilk. The cure, there¬ 
fore, is to thoroughly eliminate the but¬ 
termilk. This is done by churning to 
fine granules, and washing thoroughly. 
Cream should be churned at sufficiently 
low temperature so that the granules 
will be small, not larger than rice grains, 
and well washed before “gathered” into 
lumps. You will find this subject fully 
treated in Bulletin No. 263, Popular Edi¬ 
tion, N. Y. Experiment Station, Geneva. 
N. Y. c. L. M. 
When you write advertisers meution The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and a 
“square deal." See guarantee editorial page. 
BIG REDUCTION IN 
REG. HOLSTEIN MALE CALVES 
Bound to close them out at once. Choicely bred, 
fine individuals; large producing dams. Satisfac¬ 
tion guaranteed. Can also spare a few cows. 
F. H. RIVENBURGH, HILLHURST FARM. Munnsville, N. Y. 
T horoughbrkd jersey iiru.s — ie 
and 18 months old. Tulxtreulin tested by State 
Voterinary. $50 each Lindsey Greene, Indian Fields, N Y. 
Ontario Oliver Segis 
Holstein hull, ti months old, mostly white. King 
Segis on both sides pedigree. Bargain at $100. 
Send for pedigree. CLOVERuALE FARM, Charlotte. N. Y. 
C P o & s 
/■'ll* —The kind that bring ttie cows. 
IsOIlie KlipS NELSON’S, Grove City. Pa. 
Immediately following the WOODCREST-OAKLAND SALE at Woodcreat 
Farm, Rifton, N. Y. , May 28, 1913, will occur the, 
WOODCREST BULL SALE 
Not composed of the bulls we could not sell, but comprising a specially selected lot 
of the kind you need in building up your herd—the kind that will be a credit to the 
Woodcrest breeding that they represent. The thirty head which we have saved for 
this event include;— 
Six sons of Pietje 22d’s Woodcrest Lad, from high record dams. Five sons of Pietje 
22d’s Son. These two sires are sons of Homestead Girl De Kol Sarcastic Lad, and Pietje 
22d (31.<52 lb.), the greatest imported cow in America. 
Four sons of Sir Prilly Segis, who was by King Segis and from the 30-lb. 4 year old, 
Prilly Princess Julia De Kol. The dams of these bulls are all good records, daughters 
of the wonderful sire. King Walker. 
One son of King Walker, ("from an A. R. O. dam). A son of Colantha Johanna 
Champion, from a 21-lb, 3 year old daughter of a 32.80 lb. cow. This bull has been used 
to a certain extent during the past season in the Woodcrest herd. The records of his 
three nearest dams average 29.95 lb., a figure sure to be increased by future tests. Every 
one is a good one. The bull you have been looking for is here. Plan to spend a profit¬ 
able day at Woodcrest Farm, Rifton, N. Y. 
(R. R. Station-Rosendale.) J. W. DIMICK, Prop. A. S. CHASE, Manager. For catalog address. 
E. M. HASTINGS, Sale Manager, 
LACONA, N. Y. 
will occur the second in a series of semi-annual consignment sales, known as 
Todd’s Interstate Consignment Sale 
This event will occur on the Interstate Fair Ground at Trenton, N. J., 
on the above date, i> I every person interested in the Holstein-Friesian cow is hereby invited to 
attend. About 75 ht-id, mostly females, win be sold at this time. All over six months of age will 
have tbe tuberculin test applied. Among the consignors are : 
A. A. Cortelyou, Somerville, N. J. I L. E. Opie, Skillman, N. J. 
Bernhard Meyer, Finderae, N. J. I H. De Witt Terhune, Belle Mead, N. J. 
Willi* E. Stryker, Belle Mead, N. J. I E. B. Bergen, Harlingen, N. J. 
Alvin Hill, Ringoes, N. J. | and others. 
The above cattle are pledged to absolute sale, and we leave It all with the breeding public 
to help make this event a success. 
You ought to know us—to get acquainted, address 
JACOB TODD, JR., Sale Manager, Somerville, N. J. 
Jf'e hope catalog will be ready to mail about May nth. 
DAIRY CATTLE 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves F f °o * 
offer. THE GATES HOMESTEAD FARM. Cliittenamio. N. Y. 
Breed Up—Not Down 
-Jersey Bull Calves 
you can afford to 
buy. Superior dairy dams. No better sires. K. F- 
SHANNON, 9U7 Liberty Street. Pittsburg, Pa. 
If You Want Guernseys 8 L^ f V h th? «w ,s york 
GUERNSEY BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION, Box 9G. Peekskill. N. Y. 
Thoroughbred Registered Holstein Bulls 
for sale cheap at farmer's prices. One born July 
4. 1912: others from two weeks to two months old. 
All well-grown, perfectly marked, well-bred and 
guaranteed right in every particular. 
I*. It. MCLENNAN, - Syracuse, N. Y. 
G UKKNSKYS-COWS. HEIFERS AND BULLS-Two 
bulls old enough for service. Prices, $100 up. 
W. ROBERT DUNLOP. Trolley Station 19. Fayetteville. N. Y. 
UfE HAVE A YOUNG BULL FOR SALE that is a show ani- 
** mal, largely white and right in every way. Born 
Oct. 31, 1912. Price, $100. Send for pedigree 
CI.OYEUDALE FARM, - Charlotte, N. Y. 
“EAST RIVER GRADE HOLSTEINS ” 
FOK SALE 
60 COWS served to come fresh this fall and milking 
from thirty-five to forty pounds per day, now. 
20 FRESH COWS. You will like them. Come and 
see them milked. 
25 COWS due to calve this spring—Good size and 
in fine condition. 
Registered Bulls and Registered Cows also For Sale. 
Bell Phone, JOHN It. WEBSTER, 
No. 311-F-i 11cpt. It Cortland, N, Y. 
U# DIT ST the Tompkins Co. Breeders' Ass'u, 
ww ■» IBox B, Trumansburg, N. Y., for 
a copy of The Tompkins Co. Breeders’ Journal 
witli sale-list of pure-bred stock, or better yet. 
send 25 cents for a year’s subscription. Some 
special offers in Holstein cattle, Percheron stal¬ 
lions, Southdown ewes and Cheshire gilts. 
O R S E S 
CAD C A | P-A HANDSOME BLACK PURE- 
‘ BRED PERCHERON STALLION 
eligible to registry. Will be three years old July 1st. 
C. K. MKLLliN, - - Geneva, IN. Y. 
P ERCHERON STALLIONS, with quality guaranteed, at 
farmer's prices. BONNY BROOK FARM, Gardiner, N. Y. 
CTHONG, HANDSOME MULES— 5 and 9 
** years; guaranteed sound; 12 hands; reasonable, 
Reg. Angoras. L. Thyson, 43 Ashford St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
50 STALLIONS 
and MARES, $250 to $1000 each 
Write for my Illustrated 
Circular telling why I con save 
you money on the purchase of a Per- 
chcron or Belgian Stallion or Mare. 
A.W.Green.Middlefield.O. 
R. R. Sta., E. Orwell, on Penna. Ry. 
Midway between Ashtabula Sc Warren 
JS X*7" I iJNT jE2 
—GUERNSEYS—The pig for 
the finest meat. 
The cow for the finest butter, 
M0RNINGSI0E FARM. Sylvania, Pa. 
DAIRYMEN 
Your nsmo ou a postal card will bring Infor¬ 
mation about the uonderful 
Guernsey Cow 
Write 
The American Guernsey Cattle Club 
Box Y 
PETERBORO. N. H. 
Exceptional Dairy Quality 
152 cows with A. J. C. C. 
authenticated yearly records 
evidenced the quality of 
Meridale Jerseys for prac¬ 
tical dairy purposes. 
The 1913 edition of 
“Meridale Jerseys’’ tells 
about them and the conditions under which 
they have been developed at Meridale 
Farms. 
It also gives detailed descriptions of a 
number of well-bred, well-born, and well- 
grown young bulls, well worth owning. 
A copy will be mailed on request. Address 
ayer b McKinney 
300 Chestnut Street, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Springbank Berkshire Herd 
Has bred more high-class hogs than any in Connec¬ 
ticut. Have sows bred for Spring litters and some 
Summer farrowed sow pigs that are rigiit to he bred 
for next Summer farrow. Write me. Address, 
J. E. WATSON, PROP., MARBLEDALE, CONN. 
Large Berkshires at Highwood 
Bred Sows, Service Boars, Pigs all ages. Ninety 
brood sows and seven mature herd boars in our 
brooding herd. No animal good enough unless 
large enough. We have the large, long-bodied and 
good-beaded kind that make good in the farrowing 
pen as well as show ling, 
H. C. & H. 13. HarpcntlinK. Dundee, N. Y. 
Duroc March Pigs sereno 
A. WEEKS, - DeGraPh 0. 
S HELDON FARM registered Durocs. Pigs of both sex 
Bred Sows. Service Boars. Best of breeding 
C. K. BAUNKS. Oxford, N. Y. 
Reg, P. Chinas, Berkshires, C. Whites, 
Fine, large strains: all ages, mated 
not akin. Bred sows service Boars, 
Jersey and Holstein Calves. Collie 
Pups.Bengles and Poultry.Writefor 
pirces & circulars. Hamilton & Co.. Ereildonn, Pa- 
M 
ULEF00T HOGS are hardy, prolific and quick grow¬ 
ers. 300 head. DUNLAP, Williamsport, Ohio 
PUREBRED REGISTERED 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE 
If you are not ready to buy good purebred Holstein 
cows for foundation stock, why not grade up your com¬ 
mon cows by using a purebred Holstein sire ? 
The Dairy Department of the Illinois Agricultural 
College lias figured that $150.90 invested in a good purebred 
bull earns in six years nearly 1,0004 profit in the increased 
production atone, not taking into account the increased 
value of the herd. 
In what other way can you invest $100.00 or$200.00 so that 
it will pay you such profits 1 
Send for our Free Illustrated Veseriptiv* Booklets 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASS’N, F. L. HOUGHTON. Sec y. Box 105, Brattleboro, Vt. 
