734 
TH ID RURAL NEW-YORKER 
June 7, 
CONSERVATIVE FATHER AND PRO¬ 
GRESSIVE SON. 
[We print the following as a human 
contribution to the great farm problem our 
people are thinking about. As every¬ 
body ought to know, we print all these 
different points of view in order that all 
sides of the question may be shaken 
out.] 
The Purebred Sire. —I was quite 
interested in article written by the young 
man working his father's farm. Of 
course there is no telling whether he 
will make a success in his plans or not; 
it all depends on the man and his loca¬ 
tion. I do not expect he will make a 
success in his service fees from bull; in 
fact it has got to the point where the 
breeders in this locality will not serve 
cows outside of their own on account of 
contagious abortion. Another point; 
there are very few farmers that will feel 
like paying more than $1 for service, and 
a good share of them do not like to 
part with that, as I can testify to my 
own experience. I had as fine a pure¬ 
bred Jersey bull in service for two 
years as I ever owned, and have had a 
dozen, and during the time I received 
$2 cash and $1 exchange of boar service, 
and three of my cows aborted, two of 
them were purebred. 
Intensive Farming. —As for his in¬ 
tensive farming, will say there are sev¬ 
eral things to take into consideration. 
He will have to have intensive land, cul¬ 
tivation tools and man; then there will 
be other things that need be intensive 
that will appear as time passes. As to 
his college education, will say that it is 
not the man who knows how, but the 
man who does as well as he knows who 
succeeds. I will tell of one case of in¬ 
tensive culture. There is a family firm 
of four brothers, all married, and each 
living in a very comfortable home, on 
20 acres of ground. They own 10 acres 
and rent 10, and have been in business, 
including the time they helped their 
father, since 1872. They all make a good 
living and have something left. They 
are gardeners for Detroit market, and 
will average more than a load a day 
for the year, some loads bringing .$75, 
others $5-$10, but not many of either, 
mostly $40 or $50. Their business 
method is calculated as follows: One 
does all the marketing, another puts up 
the produce, another attends the help 
and grows the crops, and the fourth 
draws manure* 
Working With Father. —In dealing 
with one’s father I will cite two or 
three cases, including my own. I have 
a friend and neighbor who has been 
working his father’s dairy farm for a 
number of years. When he took the 
business he had a number of cows, just 
common cattle. He decided to raise reg¬ 
istered Holsteins, so he bargained for 
heifer calves for $25 each at birth with¬ 
out consulting his father. Of course 
there was a lot of fault found for paying 
so much for stock, but a year or so ago 
he sold the same stock to a dealer in pure¬ 
bred stock for $100 each. As they were 
13 to 15 years old, and quite a number 
had lost a quarter of udder, it was con¬ 
sidered a good sale, and that is the way 
he has always had to get along in busi¬ 
ness—to go ahead and do as he wanted 
and then have a disagreeable time with 
the father, but he has made a success 
also, so did his father, but there was a 
difference in their management. The 
father’s method was to get a dollar and 
put it where it would not get away 
from him ; the son’s was to get a dollar 
and put it where it would save another 
dollar. The result is that the son has 
more land than his father, although he 
works his father’s land, and has put in 
between two and three miles of tile on 
it; has a furnace, acetylene lights in 
house and barn, running water in both; 
a full equipment of two and four-horse 
farm tools, a milking machine and auto¬ 
mobile and eight children; the oldest 
will graduate from high school this year. 
Educational Differences. —He and 
myself are only children. He had a 
high school education and taught school. 
I did not have a high school education, 
and never could have passed an eighth- 
grade examination, but had some studies 
in the second year in high school. I re¬ 
ceived a 20-weeks’ course in business col¬ 
lege and have a diploma from same. 
Now I come to a time in my life which 
I do not know that I would like to 
live over; that is from 18 to 21. I 
had a liking for a profession and had 
planned to put myself through college. 
I was not given a chance to go to 
school after I was 14 years old, except 
from about November 15 until April 1. 
Of course I went to good schools, but 
there was not much encouragement for 
me to compete with scholars who com¬ 
menced at the beginning of the term. 
I did not say anything to my people 
about my plans, but they heard from 
others about it, and of course, opposed it, 
using as an argument that the profes¬ 
sions were full and that as I was the 
only child my place was to stay at 
home, and so I stayed, and we went 
to raising truck and fruit on a 20-mile 
haul to Detroit. I stayed on the farm 
and attended to the producing end, and 
my father drove to market and sold the 
produce. I received $200 a year and 
board. When I was 21 I married, and 
we have four children, the oldest a girl, 
and her grandfather’s favorite. We 
still lived at home with my folks, and 
worked for the $200 per year and board, 
and my wife received the same wages 
as tlie other help working in vegetables. 
At other times she did not receive any¬ 
thing for housework. When her health 
was poor we paid one-half of help in 
the house. 
Business Reverses. —In four years 
we saved $500 and had enough house¬ 
hold furniture to start housekeeping, and 
I bought a mill property close at home, 
intending still to work at home when 
not busy in mill, with the result that 
I lost our $500 and then some. I then 
moved three miles from the farm and 
still worked at home until we paid up 
what we owed; then we built a house 
on the farm. My people would not con¬ 
sent to give us a building spot before 
we bought the mill; we lived in it just 
two years to a day, when our people 
moved to Detroit and we moved in the 
old farmhouse and still continued truck¬ 
ing and fruit, hiring a teamster to draw 
produce down and manure back to the 
farm. 
A New Start. —My father rented a 
house and lot near market. The back 
part of the lot was vacant. A man ad¬ 
vised him to put a stable for horses on 
it, so he did, and was a success from 
start. Two years later we started a 
farmers’ hotel on $800 capital and good 
credit. In using the proceeds from farm 
and what we made while building we had 
building paid for when completed, but 
we found that when it was done it was 
not half large enough, so we decided on 
doubling size. During this time 1 worked 
for my board and clothes, and my 
family’s. I was getting somewhat dis¬ 
satisfied at not having anything of my 
own, so my father promised me that 
when he had the hotel complete he would 
let me have the use of the farm with¬ 
out rent, so I helped to build the addi¬ 
tion. When he had the building complete 
he made another offer, having forgotten 
his first; it was that I should give him 
one-third of the proceeds of the farm 
delivered and sold in Detroit. I con¬ 
sidered it a good offer as he also agreed 
not to make a will, so I would inherit 
one-half of the property, my mother the 
other one-half. 
Another Farm. —The Fall after that 
there was a farm of 241 acres, in four 
parts, joining the old farm, for sale at 
$7,000, which we purchased. It was 
mostly naturally good land, but badly 
run down or else was in cut-over and 
hard wood land, about one-half of each. 
I bought it in my name, lie agreeing to 
help make the first payment. It came 
out that in two years I made $4,000, 
but I still owed $4,000 on farms. It 
seemed that my father could not boar 
to see me do well, so one day he told 
me he wanted the old farm himself, 
claimed he had put $1,500 in the farm 
deal but he would accept four young 
I’ereheron horses and 100 shotes 1 had 
for the $1,500, and would give me $4,000 
for one of the parcels of land of 80 
acres. Of course I had to accept, as I 
had nothing but his word for the lease, 
and he would pay it in two years, when 
he sent me his notes for place for the 
contract There were eight of them at 
$500 each, one due each year for eight 
years. Then he hired a man to run 
the hotel while he was on the farm, and 
hired my son from me to help him on 
the farm, paying him $30 per month and 
board the first year and $50 per month 
the second. The results were that he 
did not sell his hogs until December, 
when he received $9.00 per hundred 
dressed, when they would have brought 
$10.10 in September on foot as I had 
planned to sell and go out of the hog 
deal. The next year he bought $4,000 
worth of corn and sold $5,200 worth 
of hogs; and got all the neighbors on 
edge on account of the hogs breaking in 
on them. The orchard of 60 acres got 
badly infected with scale after 1 left 
the farm, and the fruit is very poor on 
account of not spraying properly. They 
spent time enough on it but could not 
run the outfit, also they burned the 
foliage badly. In speaking about the 
farms I now have my father always 
spoke of giving them to me; he once 
said that if I could not make a living 
on them I could go to the poorhouse. 
Final Results. —The outcome of my 
staying at home and helping accumu¬ 
lating about $50,000 worth of property 
was that my father died last October 
and left my daughter five years’ use of 
the hotel, my oldest son 80 acres of 
land he purchased from me. my mother 
a life lease of the old farm and me 
about $9,000 of debts to pay and nothing 
to pay them with until I could get 
possession of the old farm and hotel, 
so I bought my daughter’s lease and 
rented the farm from my mother. My 
sou left his farm for the city and my 
daughter has moved West. Now here is 
the question: Would I have been better 
off if I had taken up a profession than I 
am now? I know my father would not 
have been, because he could not have 
done it alone, and right here is what 
comes of a son staying at home. If there 
if anything made or accomplished the 
father wants all the glory. My advice 
to all young men who are staying at 
home or have any dealing with parents 
is to have everything drawn in legal 
form, and not take a verbal contract 
for anything, because they are liable to 
forget. My father was never considered 
dishonest or crooked in business; by a 
lot of men his word was considered as 
good as anyone’s could be, and his credit 
always good. k. t. 
Wayne Co., Mich. 
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