r 42 
THE rMJTRA.lv NEW-YORKER 
June 7, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
MILCH GOATS. 
The increasing cost of living in Amer- 
ca is teaching the use of some old coun¬ 
try customs heretofore considered unnec¬ 
essary in this land of abundance; among 
these is the use of goats’ milk as a substi¬ 
tute for the product of the bovine dairy. 
Not that this custom has yet obtained 
such a foothold as to make the goat a 
serious competitor of the cow but there 
is a discernible tendency upon the part 
of many families who find the cost of 
milk a really burdensome item to turn 
to the milch goat as a possible solution 
of one food problem. With the steadily 
rising cost of production of milk there is 
little hope that it will be reduced in price 
to the consumer, and some ground for fear 
that the price will rise instead. At any 
rate, there is a growing demand for in¬ 
formation concerning the possibilities in 
goat dairying. 
The common, or so-called “native,” goat 
is a nondescript animal of uncertain line¬ 
age and wide variance in size and color; 
not having had the advantages of selec¬ 
tion and breeding for the production of 
milk, it is of comparatively small value 
for this purpose, but when crossed with 
the more productive imported breeds it 
may be vastly improved, and may form 
the basis of a goat dairy. Goat breed¬ 
ing for milk production has been carried 
to a high state of perfection in Switzer¬ 
land, and it is from that country that our 
best known milch breeds are imported. 
Among these are the Saanen, a short- 
haii-ed, hornless white or cream-colored 
goat, and the Toggenburg, a fawn-colored 
variety. Unfortunately, importation of 
these animals is just now impossible ow¬ 
ing to quarantine regulations against 
foot-and-mouth disease; but there are 
many full and part bloods in this coun¬ 
try, and it is not difficult to obtain supe¬ 
rior goats for milking purposes if one 
has the price. Fairly good goats may be 
found here and there has among the na¬ 
tives if one has the time and disposition 
to search for them. 
The milk of goats has a special value in 
the feeding of infants, closely resembling 
mother’s milk in its digestibility. It has 
long been used for this pui’pose, and many 
babes owe their health, if not their lives, 
to the goat. It is richer than cow’s milk, 
containing about six per cent, of butter 
fat, but the fat globules are much smaller 
in size than those of cows’ milk and can¬ 
not be separated as cream by any ordi¬ 
nary process. After prolonged standing, 
a diffex-ence in color of the upper layer of 
milk can be observed, but no cream will 
form on top. Goats’ milk has a slight 
characteristic odor and taste, but these 
should not be marked, and if they are, 
they indicate a lack of cleanliness in the 
cai-e of the goat or the milk. Many pro- 
fess to prefer the somewhat greater sweet¬ 
ness and creaminess of goats’ milk ; this 
is doubtless a matter of taste, lxowevei’. 
A good milch goat of one of the im¬ 
proved bi’eeds should give two or more 
quarts of milk daily, and many individ¬ 
uals exceed that. A goat giving less can 
hardly be considered profitable. The best 
Saanen goat of a herd kept at the Geneva, 
N. Y., Experiment Station gave 1,845 
pounds of -milk in one year, or about six 
quarts daily. This animal weighed about 
100 pounds. The cost of keeping a goat 
is estimated by this station at about $16 
per year. This, of coux-se, varies greatly 
with the advantages of location. The 
goat is a natm-al browser and would 
rather trim a shrub or tree far above her 
head than crop the most luxuriant grass 
beneath her feet. This trait specially 
adapts her to rough, hilly land where 
cows could hardly find a living, and 
makes her an animal of considerable 
value in subduing wild brush land. She 
will thrive, however, when tethered upon 
pasture, or even when stall fed if given 
oppoi’tunity for needed exercise. Good 
hay with the addition of such grains as 
oats and bran and vegetable wastes from 
the kitchen are all acceptable to the goat, 
and if the best yields in milk are desired, 
it is necessary to see that she has an 
abundance of suitable food. The goat of 
the coloi’ed Sunday supplement that sub¬ 
sists upon tin cans, bx-oken crockery, and 
as much of the family wash as she can 
gain access to will not break any records 
in milk production. 
While goats are hardy, they need pro¬ 
tection from cold storms, especially at 
night, and they must not be compelled to 
wade in mud and filth. Where they are 
kept for milk, a light well-ventilated 
structure is essential to their comfort, 
and this can be cheaply built as a lean-to 
against some other building, the neces¬ 
sary features being sunlight, air and 
cleanliness. Failure to keep the animals 
clean by proper grooming and neglect of 
their living quarters are responsible for 
the greater part of the aroma of their 
milk sometimes complained of. For con¬ 
venience in milking, an elevated platform 
18 inches or more from the ground is 
usually constructed, and the goats quickly 
learn to mount this and feed from a box 
or bunk at one end while being milked. 
Where several goats are kept this plat¬ 
form is usually built outside of their sta¬ 
ble. They should be fed their hay from a 
closely slatted rack placed above their 
heads so that they will not trample a 
portion of it under foot and waste it. 
Goats are dainty animals and will not 
eat soiled food. A shed eight by 10 feet 
will accommodate one or two goats and 
give room for their caretaker. 
The keeping of Angora goats for the 
value of their fleece, known as mohair, 
is a different proposition. This requires 
a large area of rough land where the 
goats can bx’owse in a semi-wild state. 
It is a growing industry in some sec¬ 
tions of the country and would seem to 
be a profitable means of utilizing much 
of the waste land of the East and South, 
as well as of the West. 
The demand for goats’ milk is not suffi¬ 
ciently great at present to warrant any 
particular boom of that animal for dairy¬ 
ing purposes. Their utility is now con¬ 
fined to supplying those country or sub¬ 
urban families who have an acre or two 
of land at their disposal with the milk 
needed for domestic use. One or two 
goats can be cheaply kept and should sup¬ 
ply the average family with what milk 
it needs throughout the greater part of 
the year. As a foster mother of babes, 
however, the goat has a peculiarly useful 
function, and it is quite possible that 
some farmers living near large towns 
could secure a trade in goats’ milk for 
infant feeding that would wai-rant the 
keeping of a goat daii-y. This would 
have to be done through the local physi¬ 
cians and market pi’ospects should be 
carefully looked up before investing 
money in stock or equipment. 
M. B. DEAN. 
“ CONTRACTING” HOLSTEIN COWS. 
I have been told that some bi’eeders of 
Holstein cattle “rent out” purebx-ed cows 
on shares to reputable farmers on a con¬ 
tract which divides the heifer calves be¬ 
tween owner and renter. Is this true 
and what are the usual terms? A. R. 
My brother, AY. R. Gates, lets out reg- 
istered cows. Here are the terms he 
makes with the farmer: Contract never 
anything less than thi-ee years; in some 
places he has contracts for five years. At 
the expiration of the contract the heifer 
calves are to be divided equally. No bull 
calves to be sold until one year old, the 
farmer to furnish his own bull for serv¬ 
ice. The bull must be from an A. It. O. 
cow, nothing less than 15 pounds. AVe 
are using a 28-pound bull. The farmer 
pays for all registration fees. This way 
of letting cattle has proved satisfactoi-y 
if taken for three years, but no longer. 
Ft. Atkinson, Wis. B. R. G. 
PERCHERON •» BELGIAN 
STALLIONS 
We want to get 
acquainted with 
you. It will be 
interesting. 
'•/’ 
Price and Qual¬ 
ity will be the 
c 8 n v rn c i n g 
argument. 
A step {award 
when buying a j 
Stallion of 13 
GEO. W. SOUERS & SONS, Huntington, Indiana 
Branch Barn at Harrison Place, off Harrison Street, Post Office Box 333, Syracuse, N. Y. 
Two Months’ 
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Longest “no risk” trial— 
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for yourself why the Maynard skims fast¬ 
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Made in four larger sizes up to 600 li>. capa¬ 
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The [Charles William Stores, Inc.d 
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Shipm’ta fVom NewYork,Chicago,KansaaCity , 
The Ready Ration 
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The only feed that’s guaranteed 
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Here's Our Trial Offer 
Go to your dealer (If he can’t supply you. 
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Feed two sacks (200 lbs ) to any one cow—watch 
results two weeks, especially the second week. 
If Larro-feed does not please you, takethe un¬ 
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the two sacks used in the trial. We prove the 
merit of Larro-feed or no sale. Von take no risk. 
Large Free Sample by parcel poston request. 
THE LARROWE MILLING COMPANY 
321 Gillespie Bldg. DETROIT, MICH. 
YOU be * Veterinarian 
Have a profession of your own. Bo independent. 
Make big money! Be your own boss—you can 
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-r t j of successful stud- 
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Great opportunity for you. Address 
GRAND RAPIDS VETERINARY COLLEGE 
lGl Louts St.,Grand 
—has saved thousands of dollars 
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old reliable cure for Spavin, 
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For sale at all druggists. Price _ 
51 per bottle, 6 for $5. *‘Treatise on the Horse" 
free at druggists or write to Dr. B. J. KENDALL 
COMPANY, Enosburg Falls, Vt.» S. A. 6| 
QUINN’S OINTMENT 
is the standard cure for Curbs, Splints. Spavin. 
Wind-puffs, Cuts, Bruises. It is safe—humane. 
For 30 yeans it has been 
The PROVED Horse Cure 
Your money back if it doesn’t give satisfactory re¬ 
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Write today for hree Booklet—full information 
and testimony of many users. 
B. EDDY & CO., Dept. B ALBANY, N. Y. 
SELDOM SEE 
a big knee like this, but your horse 
may have a bunch or bruise on his 
Ankle, Hock, Stifle, Knee or Throat. 
ABSORBINE 
TRADE MARK REG.U.S.PAT. OFF. 
will clean it off without laying the 
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i Book 8 K free. ABSORBING JR., antiseptic 
irnent for mankind. Reduce, Painful Swellings. En- 
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F. YOUNG, P. 0, F., 88 Temple St., Springfield, Mas*! 
RYE FOR THE SILO. 
I would like to know how to put rye 
in silo. I have some rye that I would 
like to put in silo, will it make good feed 
for cows? If so, when and how shall it 
be put in? • c. E. 
Blackhoi’se, Pa. 
Thei’e are two mistakes usually made 
in putting rye into the silo. Most people 
let it stand too long before cutting, and 
then do not pack it down hal’d. For 
silage rye should be cut before it comes 
into bloom, and while the plants are soft 
and tender. Do not wait until the pollen 
flies from the flowers of the rye. Cut 
it into the silo as fine as possible, and 
when it is in cover with plank and pack 
on several tons of stone, or anything else 
that will give weight, and crush the 
silage down hard. The rye carries a 
good deal of air in its stalk, and if left 
open and loose it will fei’inent badly. If 
crushed or packed down tight it will 
give a much better feed. The rye does 
not make the best of silage, yet it will 
make fair feed if handled in this way. 
les Away with Sour Milk 
Milk keeps better, 
is t)i oroughly iter¬ 
ated and cooled ; 
glass, stable and 
other odors re¬ 
moved by the 
“Bestov” 
Milk Cooler 
Milk flows *1<>wn on 
Loth outxHe surluceK, 
cold AVHtor starts at 
bottom of cooler and 
flows up. Kequires no 
at te lit 1 on. Parts 
touched by milk are 
copper or brass tinned. 
Send for our new 
Catalog “ i) ” 
Dairymens Supply 
Co., Philadelphia 
and I.sindstlo’wne.Pa. 
MINERAL 
'".“HEAVE 
/.^REMEDY 
Ruin 
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to-day for' 
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manent 
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will euro any case or’ 
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$1 Package 
cures ordinary cases. 
Postpaid on receipt of price. 
Agents Wanted 
Write for descriptive booklet 
Don’t lose the services of your 
f The old-time remedy for keeping horses free from sores. r 
A high-priced horses. Blckmore’B 6all Cure cures Galls and Sore Shoulders while the 
' works. Approved remedy for Cuts, Wounds, Scratches, etc. Money back it it jai s. 
sure to ask at the store for Blckmore’s Gall Cure. Gray Horse trade mark on evt-iy 
Sample and 84-page horse book sent on receipt of a stamp for postage. 
B1CKMORE GALL CURE CO., Box 282. Old Town, Maine. 
