844 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
July 12, 
HOGS ON OLD PASTURE. 
Have any of the readers of The R. 
N.-Y. any experience in pasturing hogs 
on abandoned land that has grown up to 
sumach, blackberries and weeds of all 
descriptions? Would a dozen or so hogs 
turned into about eight acres of this 
sort of pasture get an appreciable 
amount of their living there through the 
Summer? Part of the pasture is very 
good soil and the weeds and grass grow 
quite rank; there are large numbers of 
brakes and ferns in the moister part. 
Of course I should expect to feed some 
grain all of the Summer, and to finish 
with grain and roots in the Fall. 
Woodstock, Vt. L. F. H. 
R. N.-Y.—Many of us would like to 
know about this. What part of his liv¬ 
ing can a hog find in such a pasture? 
A LAWN PULLET-RUN. 
I have a pullet range about 2*4 acres 
in extent, on which the young stock run 
until they are put in the laying house 
about the middle of September. In order 
to keep the land sweet I am in the habit 
of cropping it every year. My plan for 
next year is to sow half of it to rye, plow 
the rye under in the Spring and sow 
Dwarf Essex rape broadcast, with the 
idea of securing both green food and low 
shade for next year’s youngsters. _ The 
other half of the range I would like to 
sow to grass this Fall after the pullets 
leave it, so as to have a good turf in the 
Spring. The difficulty in my mind is 
what kind or kinds of grass I would best 
use for the purpose. Timothy would be 
rather too strong, and I am in doubt 
whether or not a good permanent pasture 
mixture, which makes a splendid range 
bottom when sown in the Spring, would 
not winter-kill. It is impracticable to 
get the ground seeded in the Spring in 
time to give the grass a good start before 
the chicks must be put out on range. 
Therefore I must somehow get the grass 
seed in after the middle of next Septem¬ 
ber so as to have it ready in the Spring. 
The range is a moderate slope (most of 
it) and the soil is a heavy clay loam, 
with hardpan about IS inches or so be¬ 
low the surface. I have tried Crimson 
clover for Fall seeding, and most of it 
winter-killed. What would you advise me 
to do? II. s. B. 
Redding Ridge, Conn. 
As we understand your problem, we 
should come as near as possible to fitting 
that range like a lawn. Plow the land 
and use a ton of lime to the acre—well 
harrowed in. Harrow and cultivate so 
as to make the soil as fine as possible, 
and sow a heavy seeding of lawn grass 
mixture. You can buy the ready-mixed 
seed or use Blue grass, Red-top and 
White clover. Get this in as early as 
possible, and with a favorable season you 
will have a fair turf for next year. A 
good lawn will make a better range for 
the pullets than the usual “pasture.” 
THE AYRSHIRE CATTLE. 
The following notes on this well-known 
Scotch breed are issued by Prof. G. L. 
Martin, of the North Dakota Agricul¬ 
tural College. 
"The Ayrshire cattle originated in the 
county of Ayr, which lies in the south¬ 
western part of Scotland. Their origin 
is somewhat obscure but the records date 
back over 150 years. This breed carries 
a mixture of blood from several races of 
cattle on the continent, but for the last 
100 years they have been bred pure. 
The conditions under which the breed 
developed were rather severe. The coun¬ 
try lies close to the sea rising to rugged 
hills covered with heather, on which the 
cattle pasture. The climate is raw and 
severe at times with much rainfall and 
snow. The soil supports good pasture 
and is well adapted to growing root crops 
which furnish ample Winter food for 
the stock. Under these conditions the 
Ayrshire cattle have developed rugged 
constitutions with strong tendencies to 
readily adapt themselves to local condi¬ 
tions. 
In the early development of the breed 
some attention w T as given to the beef¬ 
making tendencies; however, the milking 
tendencies have always predominated. 
In appearance the mature Ayrshire cow 
is smooth, well filled out, of a good dairy 
form, and presents a very attractive fig¬ 
ure. They average about 1.000 in 
weight, while the bulls often attain 2,000 
pounds. The color ranges from spotted 
red or brown and white to nearly a white 
color. The outstanding characteristic 
of the breed is the horns. They are 
rather long, curve outward and upward, 
presenting a very proud appearance. The 
breed is noted for their ideal udder devel¬ 
opment. The early Scotch breeders pre¬ 
ferred an udder attached high behind, ex¬ 
tending far forwards, flat and even with 
the under line of the body, the teats reg¬ 
ularly placed and uniform in size. The 
short teats so common in the early de¬ 
velopment of the breed have been over- 
come in the American-bred cows. The 
Ayrshires are noted for a good uniform 
production of milk, testing on an average 
a little less than four per cent with a 
high percentage of other solids. They 
are well adapted to production of market 
milk. In beef production they rank high 
as a dairy breed, when dry fatten read¬ 
ily. They are a vigorous animal capable 
of utilizing an abundance of roughage 
and well adapted to our conditions in the 
Northwest.” 
Hygroma 
Would you inform me of a good rem¬ 
edy for enlarged knee on a cow, which 
I have noticed for about two weeks or 
so? I am applying salt and water, rub¬ 
bing it in morning and night. E. s. G. 
New York. 
This condition, known as “hygroma” 
or cyst containing serum, is due to bruis¬ 
ing of the knee upon the manger or floor. 
Do away with the cause. The usual 
treatment is to run a tape seton down 
through the sac and move it back and 
forth twice daily to cause the serum to 
flow out. It would be better to have the 
sac opened at its lowest point and then 
treated by the veterinarian. a. s. a. 
Lameness. 
I have a gray horse about 13 years 
old that has great trouble with his front 
legs; seems to be in the cords, lie has 
been so for about a year. I have used 
him only twice this season, and just a 
little each time; seems to stiffen him. 
He is in pasture, and feels good; his 
bowels, kidneys, appetite and teeth are 
in good condition. He has worked a good 
deal pressing hay. He with his mate has 
drawn the press on bad roads where two 
teams should have been used. How may 
he be relieved or cured? w. F. 
New York. 
As the horse has been abused by over¬ 
pulling he should have a prolonged rest 
on grass. During that time the coronets 
and cords may be blistered two or three 
times with cerate of cautliarides, after 
removal of the hair. A. s. A. 
Distemper. 
One of my Collies died June 19 of 
what is supposed to be poison, others 
said it had rabies. My other dog at 
present is still sick. Their eyes were 
full of matter, noses stuffed as though 
with blood. They would sneeze quite a 
lot, and now the survivor’s head seems 
to be jumping all the time; he knocks 
his teeth together and he is very weak 
in his hind quarters. The other dog be¬ 
fore he died bit at everything but would 
not bite me or any of us in the house, 
but legs of the table; iron and stones. 
At present I give dog a wineglass of pure 
olive oil three times a day. j. M. 
New Hampshire. 
The dog that is sick now apparently 
has chorea (St. Vitus’ dance) following 
distemper, and as the disease is prac¬ 
tically incurable you might as well have 
the animal chloroformed. If you do not 
care to have this done have a graduate 
veterinarian make an examination. The 
other dog may have died of rabies; but 
without an examination it would be im¬ 
possible for anyone at a distance to give 
a confident opinion. In all such cases a 
veterinarian should be called in at once. 
A. S. A. 
Thin Horse. 
I have a horse whose feed consists of 
ground feed and grass and about eight 
quarts of water a day. He will not eat 
good Timothy hay, and I have to force 
him to drink by salting him heavily. He 
works about two hours a day. He is 
poor and does not “pick up.” How can 
I feed so he will improve in vigor and 
health? f. g. l. 
Have his teeth attended to by a vet¬ 
erinarian and then feed whole oats, wheat 
bran and hay. Do not feed a horse on 
ground feed. lie should do his own 
grinding. If his coat is long and rough 
have him clipped. If appetite does not 
return give twice daily in half a pint of 
sweetened water as a drench, two ounces 
of a mixture of two drams of dilute hy¬ 
drochloric acid, two ounces of fluid ex¬ 
tract of gentian root and four ounces of 
pure alcohol, with water to make one 
pint. a. S. A. 
Pig With Cough. 
One of my pigs that has been to pas¬ 
ture with 15 others for the last six weeks 
or so has grown quite thin; coughs at 
times, and will not eat anything but 
very little bran mash, vomiting it up al¬ 
most right away along with other green 
matter and phlegm. Thinking that they 
might live on grass I have fed them but 
a small quantity of ear corn and dry 
bran alternately. Can you tell what to 
do for him? a. f. 
Connecticut. 
The symptoms strongly suggest the 
presence of tuberculosis, which is in¬ 
curable, and we would advise you to 
keep the pig away from the herd. If 
improvement does not take place better 
kill the animal and make a post mortem 
examination to determine cause of sick¬ 
ness. The disease is contracted by pigs 
from contaminated milk or from feeding 
after tuberculous cattle, and is com¬ 
paratively common. a. s. a. 
An Unprofitable Stallion. —About 
20 years ago farmers in the neighboring 
towns here combined and purchased a 
I'ercherou stallion for $2,800 to be used 
for service. About that time horses be¬ 
came very cheap, and the enterprise did 
not prove a success. A few got good 
colts, and after two or three years the 
stallion was sold for only $11. He had 
never been broken. w. a. b. 
With 
With 
With 
With 
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