1008 
PASTURING BERKSHIRE SWINE. 
Part II. 
In our latitude rye is one of our most 
profitable pastures; drilled in at the rate 
of two bushels per acre from August 15 
to 20 it will afford much green food 
during the late Fall and Winter. This 
will induce exercise upon the part of the 
brood sows, which is of great benefit and 
will promote their general thrift as well 
and increase the size and vigor of the 
litters. The rye should be pastured in 
the Spring till the plants commence to 
joint. Then the pigs should be removed 
to other range. At the usual time of 
sowing clover seed, this should seeded 
with about six quarts of Red clover and 
two quarts of Alfalfa. Alsike should be 
added if the field is at all wet. The Al¬ 
falfa is added for the purpose of inocula¬ 
tion in case this lot should be later seed¬ 
ed to Alfalfa. When the rye is nearly 
ripe, or better still, after it is dead ripe 
and the straw has broken so that the 
heads are softened up a bit on the ground, 
turn in the pigs, starting gradually, say, 
an hour the first day or two, until after 
10 days they may run the field at will 
and will gather practically every kernel. 
If the ground is soft and they interfere 
with the seeding it may be necessary to 
ring them to prevent rooting. The clover 
may be pastured the following season 
and later plowed for corn or Alfalfa. 
We find it a good plan to harrow our 
permanent grass pastures once a year 
with a spike-tooth harrow. This pul¬ 
verizes and scatters the droppings and 
seems to improve the character of the 
sod. We have never found peas, or oats 
and peas, to be profitable as a forage crop, 
though both are highly recommended by 
some breeders. The pasture season is 
too short and the vines readily destroyed 
by trampling. Lots varying in size from 
an acre to two or thi’ee aci’es and located 
on either side of a lane will be found 
vei’y convenient. 
The colony houses should be in the 
further end of the lot and the feeding 
troughs next the lane. This scatters the 
droppings more uniformly and induces 
exercise. It is a good plan to scatter 
air-slaked lime occasionally about the 
pens and feeding places. It will be 
found desirable to stretch a barb wire 
along the bottom of the fence in case the 
pigs get through. We use a woven wire 
fencing, with stationary knot, 34 inches 
high. . A small pile of wood ashes, upon 
which a handful of salt has been thrown 
is good worm preventive. We keep such 
a pile in each lot near the feed trough 
and if sprinkled with a solution of cop¬ 
peras and water will be more effective. 
For best results a supplemental grain 
ration, skim-milk, or buttermilk, should 
be supplied young pigs on pasture; ma¬ 
ture animals will require no other food, 
during the growing season. Alfalfa and 
sorghum furnish a splendid cheap food 
for the mature animal during Winter 
months. Sorghum to keep well must be 
left in moderate-sized shocks out of doors. 
Careful trials have demonstrated to us 
that by this method of feeding we can 
produce pork at from three to four cents 
per pound and that we can maintain a 
mature breeding animal at one dollar per 
month. Rye and Alfalfa, pastured, will 
pay in pork from $25 to $40 per acre, de¬ 
pending upon the excellence of the crop 
and the character of the animals fed. 
Sweet corn will pay out from $30 to $50 
per acre, if judiciously fed, including the 
value from the rye or rape pasture fol¬ 
lowing the crop that season. One ex¬ 
periment at the Illinois College demon¬ 
strated a value of $70 per acre for Al¬ 
falfa pasture in pork production. This, 
however, is pot a fair criterion, as all 
conditions were unusually favorable and 
the experiment was on a very small 
scale. We have demonstrated to our 
own satisfaction by repeated trials that 
the pork produced from an acre of rye 
pasture will exceed in value the crop of 
rye harvested and marketed and we have 
beside in our favor a quantity of manure 
well scattered about the field and no ex¬ 
pense of harvesting, thrashing and mar¬ 
keting the crop. 
Some years ago affer a careful trial 
(having previously handled other breeds), 
we concluded that the Berkshire was the 
most profitable hog from both a breeder’s 
and feeder’s standpoint, and we have 
never had occasion to regret our selec¬ 
tion. Our mature boars weigh from 750 
to 900 pounds and are easily handled, 
never cross and are always up strong on 
^THEj RURAL NRW-YORKER 
September 0, 
their feet and legs. One of our six-year- 
old boars was driven every day for ex¬ 
ercise, last Winter by the 10-yeaiv-old 
son of the writer. The sows are prolific 
and make excellent mothers. There is a 
demand for Berkshire breeding stock of 
the right sort, that is far in excess of the 
supply and this demand, so far as the 
South is concerned is for Berkshires more 
than for all other breeds combined. In 
fact the recent census disclosed the fact 
that there were more registered Berk- 
shires owned in the Southern States than 
all other purebred swine combined. We 
exported the past Winter animals to 
Venezuela, British West Indies, and 
Mexico. Heretofore we have exported 
to Cuba, Bermuda and Honolulu, Pan¬ 
ama and other countries, and have yet 
to hear of an animal that did not thrive 
in its new quarters. 
Berkshire pigs are ready for the block 
any time after they are five months old, 
or may be readily fed out to a weight of 
250 pounds at six months, or upwards 
of 300 pounds at eight months. We have 
had young boars on pasture weighing 210 
pounds at five months and 350 pounds at 
eight months. Of course these were ex¬ 
ceptionally well grown out; but the bot¬ 
tle-bred Berkshire of to-day will rank 
with any of the breeds if not exceed 
them in respect to size. 
H. C. & H. B. IIARPENDING. 
Yates Co., N. Y. 
Eczema. 
I have a fine bulldog, which is highly 
prized. About a year ago she had small 
lumps on body in places which we 
thought to be “chigger” bites. In the 
Fall a .small space on hind knees began 
to break out and a bloody watery matter 
oozed out like eczema. This spread in 
this Spring and now her feet are sore, 
parts of her forelegs and hind parts. 
Can I cure her? She has always slept 
in house and stayed in most of time, has 
had her baths regularly till this Summer. 
Illinois. H. J. E. 
Make the dog live out of doors and 
take abundant exercise every day. Feed 
one small meal each night. Once a week 
give a dose of epsom salts or syrup of 
buckthorn as a physic. Wash with a 
1-100 solution of coal tar dip once a 
week; then rub in resinol ointment as 
often as found necessary. A. S. A. 
Feeding Young Dog. 
What would be the proper food for a 
puppy to make it grow and develop to a 
good size and keep it in good health? 
New York. w. F. a. 
Mother’s milk is of course the best 
food for the puppy and the dam should 
be well fed while nursing. If the puppy 
has been weaned feed it new milk, oat¬ 
meal porridge and puppy feeding bis¬ 
cuits and twice a week allow it a large, 
raw meat bone to chew. As it grows 
vegetable soup and meat may be substi¬ 
tuted for the biscuits, or dog biscuits 
may be fed and soup and porridge given 
as a part ration. Do not feed potatoes. 
If there is any tendency to constipation 
feed some parboiled liver twice a week. 
A. s. A. 
Foolish to Buy 
Wood Shingles 
M What’s the use of buying common wood 
m shingles now that you can get the original 
m and genuine Edwards STEEL Shingles for 
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m time and money to put on ? 
■ Nobody ever heard of an Edwards Steel 
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of 100 or more. 
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DDIf'ITC We se ^ direct from factory 
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