1084 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
October 4, 
A tent large enough to 
shelter his vast army, yet so 
small that he could fold it in 
his hand, was the gift de-' 
manded by a certain sultan of 
India of his son, the prince 
who married the fairy Pari- 
Banou. 
It was not difficult for the 
fairy to produce the tent 
When it was stretched out, the 
sultan’s army conveniently 
encamped under it and, as the 
army grew, the tent extended 
of its own accord. 
A reality more wonderful 
than Prince Ahmed’s magic 
tent is the Bell Telephone. 
It occupies but a few square 
inches of space on your desk 
or table, and yet extends over 
the entire country. 
When you grasp it in your 
hand, it is as easily possible 
to talk a hundred or a thou¬ 
sand miles away as to the 
nearest town or city. 
In the Bell System, 7,500,- 
000 telephones are connected 
and work together to take 
care of the telephone needs 
of the people of this country. 
As these needs grow, and 
as the number of telephone; 
users increases, the system 
must inevitably expand. For 
the Bell System must always 
provide a service adequate to 
the demands of the people. 
American Telephone and Telegraph Company 
And Associated Companies 
Universal Service, 
One Policy 
One System 
Note protecting 
■olid top and 
eid e-ejection. 
Send 3 stamps postage for big cat. 
alogue; belDS you select right gun. 
'ailin'L. 
REPEATING RIFLES 
Armed with a 272tzr/fJi y° u can 6° a ft er moose, bear, 
deer, with nerve and confidence, for Marlins are 
always dependable. 
Made in all popular big game calibers—guns of splendid accuracy, range 
and power. They have Special Smokeless Steel barrels, and the 
quick, reliable 272ar/in lever action. All have the modern solid-top, 
side-ejecting construction, which keeps out rain, snow, twigs, sand, dirt; 
the empty shells cannot possibly be thrown in the shooter s face at a 
critica 1 moment. 2/2ar£isi accuracy is famous. 
For smaller game —splendid 272ar&n lever action repeating rifles in 
.22 to .44-40 calibers; n pump action n rifles in .22 and .25 Rim Fire, 
.25-20 and .32-20 calibers; repeating shotguns, 12 and 16 gauges. 
27lp 77/cwf/s2 /lre ar/7!S G )., 1 av™n.^o"nn. 
LET US TAN 
YOUR HIDE. 
Cattle or Horse hide. Calf, Dog, Deer 
or any kind of skin with hair or fur on. 
We tan and finish them right ; make 
them into coats (for men and women), 
robes, rugs or gloves when ordered. 
Your fur goods will cost you less than 
to buy them, and be worth more. Our 
lllustratod catalog gives a lot of in 
formation which every stock raiser 
should have, but we never semi out this 
valuable book except upon request. 
It tells liow to take oft and care for 
hides; how and when wo pay tho freight 
both ways [ about our safe dyeing pro¬ 
cess which is a tremendous advantage 
to tho customer, esi>ecially on horso 
hides and calf skins ; about the fur 
goods and game trophies wo sell, taxi¬ 
dermy, etc. If you want a copy send us 
your correct address. 
The Crosby Frisian Fur Company, 
571 Lyell Ave„ Rochester. N. Y. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Ii. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick 
reply and a “square deal.” See guaran¬ 
tee editorial page. : : : : 
HUNTERS--TRAPPERS 
If you want an ideal lamp for night fishing, trap¬ 
ping, hunting or tor work about farm or machin¬ 
ery, send to-day for a 
Baldwin Lamp 
Protects all camile power lit:lit 1^0 (eel. 
Burns Acetylene Gas. Weight 6 oz. 
Heights^ in. Cau be earned in band 
or worn on cap or belt, leaving bo’.U 
bands free. No oil, soot or class. Ab¬ 
solutely safe and simple. Fifty hours 
bright light costs 25c. Useful as well 
during Automobile repairing. Catalogue 
free and instructive booklet, ’‘Knots and 
How to Tie Them’* mailed on request. 
At all dealers or by JOHN SIMMONS CO. 
mail prepaid-$1.00^48 Leonard St. New York City 
IT PAYS TO USE 
* FARMOGERM 
THE STANDARD INOCULATION 
BEWARE OF IMITATORS 
ON CLOVEk-VETCH AND ADD 
FADD PDANTING OF DEGUMES 
FREE BOOK NO. 54 
EARP-THOMAS FARMOGERM CO.. BLOOMFIELD, H. 
J. 
ROOF-GARDEN BIRCH TREES. 
Fig. 410 shows a group of White 
birches growing on the roof of a power¬ 
house in Providence, R. I., a striking 
example of the ability of vegetation to 
survive under unfavorable conditions. 
Most birches like a light sandy or loamy 
soil, but the White birch is very accom¬ 
modating, enduring a dry poor soil as 
well as a swqjnpy one. It is usually 
rather short-lived, but is useful as a 
nurse tree to others when afforesting de¬ 
serted laud. Tree growth upon roofs is 
more uncommon in our dry climate than 
in the moister districts of Northern Eu¬ 
rope, but it shows us, in concrete form, 
something of the process by which the 
earth is covered with vegetation, after 
the forces of nature, or tho wastefulness 
of man, have left a denuded surface. 
First the wind carries, in the form of 
dust and vegetable litter, material to 
form soil; the sun and air act upon this, 
and on the stone or mortar or lava be¬ 
neath; wind or birds carry seeds, and 
processes of growth begin. The writer 
remembers, many years ago, seeing an 
ancient yew tree, growing in the ma¬ 
sonry near the roof of “Mary’s Bower,” 
a small stone tower on the Chatsworth 
estate in Derbyshire, England, where 
Mary, Queen of Scots, was once held 
prisoner. 
Among smaller plants there are many 
roof-dwellers, under favorable climatic 
conditions, some of the house-leeks being 
especially adapted to such situations, 
portatior.s wore shown at the fair. The 
Delaware County Percheron Breeders’ 
Association exhibit was the feature of the 
horse department. The association is 
composed of young men who are endeav¬ 
oring to apply the principles of co-opera¬ 
tion to horse raising. One section of the 
horse barn was devoted to the exhibits 
of the recently formed organization. 
The farm machinery exhibits this year 
were even more numerous than last year. 
The results of years of progress in the 
development of farm equipment were 
staged at the State Fair. The halls and 
yards were more completely tilled with 
farm, machinery. There was a decided 
improvement in tractors exhibited, while 
there were not as many shown as were 
on exhibit last year. 
The new dairy building was one of the 
centers of interest. A score of cows were 
kept in one part of the building; they 
were carefully milked and fed. In other 
parts of the building were demonstrations 
in butter and cheese making, and in ice 
cream making. The dairy building was 
headquarters for the man interested in 
profitable production of milk. Near the 
dairy building were to be seen in opera¬ 
tion the three well-known American 
milk machines, and about the head¬ 
quarters of these machines, the far¬ 
mer, troubled with the hired help prob¬ 
lem, sought relief. Ohio showed her best 
dairy cows, and whether they were IIol- 
steins. Guernseys or Jersey, they were 
among the best producers in the dairy 
field. Although Ohio is low on beef cat¬ 
tle, the tendency being toward dairying 
in the beef producing sections of the 
State, the exhibits of beef cattle were 
neck to neck with former years. 
The Ohio fair was a good, clean, 
straightforward proposition; it was run 
free from fakers and questionable amuse¬ 
ments. The Governor as well as the 
humblest citizen of the State alike 
WHITE BIRCH ON A POWER-HOUSE ROOF: 
Fig. 410. 
while the beautiful Chinese Iris. I. tec- 
torum, derives its varietal name from its 
habit of growing on the mud roofs of 
the Flowery Kingdom. According to 
legand, during a prolonged famine many 
centuries ago, an imperial edict ordered 
all gardens to be given up entirely to 
food plants, Whereupon flower lovers col¬ 
onized their Irises upon their roofs, a 
practice that has been continued since. 
More utilitarian was Prof. Georgeson’s 
roof garden in Alaska; he told us some 
years ago that lie sowed radishes early 
in the season on his sod roof, the heat in 
the rooms beneath making it a satis¬ 
factory hotbed. 
The growth of the birches on the 
powerhouse roof is paralleled by the in¬ 
coming vegetation on some islands in the 
Straits of Sunda, which after the great 
volcanic outbreak of Krakatao iu 1S83 
were absolutely bare of vegetation, and 
covered with lava and scoriae. A Euro¬ 
pean botanist reported a year or two ago 
that this arid refuse had become covered 
with tropic vegetation, the gradual weath¬ 
ering of the scoriae giving a foothold to 
the seeds dropped by birds, or carried 
by the sea. 
THE OHIO STATE FAIR. 
A shortage in fruit exhibits and in en¬ 
tries of sheep in the various classes, were 
noticeable at the Columbus, Ohio, State 
Fair. Other departments were well 
filled, and everything from Ohio vegeta¬ 
bles to Ohio babies were up to standard. 
The horticultural exhibits were equal to 
those of other years, although frosts, hail 
and other adverse conditions tended to 
make the fruit crop in the Buckeye State 
a partial failure. There were scarcely 
one-third the county horticultural ex¬ 
hibits of fruit that there were last year. 
The shortage of sheep in the various 
classes is due to a declining interest in 
raising mutton and wool, owing to fea¬ 
tures of tariff agitation. The quality of 
sheep was up to standard, and the evi¬ 
dences are that Ohio is breeding better 
sheep every year. Ohio, ns the birthplace 
of breeds, had some of her best products 
in swine on exhibit. The classes iu 
swine were unusually full, and in the 
battle for prizes Ohio’s porkers stood first. 
Ohio is the home of mauy prominent 
horse breeders, and the best stock from 
their stables and the cream of their irn- 
stepped up ard dropped his half dollar 
in the turnstile. There were no favors 
shown nor enemies punished. The at¬ 
tendance was less this year than last, but 
as a whole the fair was better than in 
preceding years, and before it was well 
under way, plans were completed and set 
in motion to make the fair of 1914 better 
than the one just completed. W. J. 
THE BUFFALO MARKETS. 
Frosts and dry weather together ought 
to have their effect on market produce, 
but there is no visible advance yet. 
There is a big supply of fat tomatoes, 
which sell at 40 to 45 cents retail, per 
large handle basket, about the same price 
as peaches. Some years they are quite as 
good a crop as peaches, but they have 
been a disappointment this year. The 
weather was against them and they were 
just coming into full bearing and ripen¬ 
ing when the frost came. The corn in 
market is pretty well contested between 
Stowell’s Evergreen, Golden Bantam and 
Country Gentleman, good-sized ears re¬ 
tailing at 20 cents a dozen, which is not 
as low as usual. There is a white vari¬ 
ant of the Golden Bantam reported from 
East Aurora, this county, which- is said 
to be sure to crowd that out. as it has 
all its good quality and lacks the yellow 
color that makes the Bantam look like 
field corn and hurts its sale. Potatoes 
are not less than $1.10 retail. They are 
of good quality, but the growing crop is 
also injured by frost and the promised 
big yield is not likely to be realized here. 
There are still a good many plums, re¬ 
tailing at 20 cents a small basket, with 
prunes at 25 ceuts. Pears are plenty and 
cheap, but the quality is poor, consider¬ 
ing the big crop. Apples are still high. 
40 to 45 cents retail for a third-bushel 
basket. It is odd that in this apple sec¬ 
tion the market people seldom sell this 
fruit by name, unless it comes from the 
Pacific coast already named. They are 
“eating” or “cooking” apples, nothing 
more. In the same uncertain way all 
yellow peaches are “Crawfords.” Grapes 
are a small crop, owing to injury by frost, 
coming in at 15 cents per three-pound 
basket retail. Watermelons are about 
gone, but muskmelons are plenty at about 
live cents each for good-sized ones,, qual¬ 
ity very fine. This sunny season ripened 
melons, though it could not make much 
way against the lack of rain and the 
frosts. There is a good showing of cel- 
The rebuilt Chippewa market, the 
largest retail market in the city, is fin¬ 
ished all but the meat stalls and now 
presents more than a mile of stalls m all 
varieties of open, semi-closed and closed 
styles. J > w * c ‘ 
