1128 
October IS, 
FAR MERS’ CLUB 
■ ——— 
[Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put Questions on a soparate pioce of paper.! 
Sowing Onions in the Fall. 
I have been told to sow onion seed in 
the Fall. Is it logical? d. s. 
The Fall sowing of onion seed is reg¬ 
ularly and extensively practiced in the 
South, but is practiced-to a limited ex¬ 
tent only in the North, as it requires a 
well-drained and sheltered soil, and every 
trucker does not have that kind of soil 
and location at his command. It is ab¬ 
solutely necessary that these two condi¬ 
tions be present, or the crop will not with¬ 
stand the Winter. The time of sowing is 
of the utmost importance, varying with 
locality. In the latitude of New York, 
the sowing may be made from the tenth 
to twentieth of September, further North 
earlier, further South later. They will 
net always go safely through the Winter, 
even under the most favorable soil con¬ 
ditions, but the effort is well worth all 
the risk, and trifling expense for seed, 
etc., for when they do withstand the 
Winter, they will make marketable green 
onions almost by the time the soil is dry 
enough for Spring seeding, and the crop 
as a rule is better than from sets. Sow 
the seed in rows 10 to 15 inches apart, 
and at the rate of about six pounds to 
the acre. As soon as the young onions 
are large enough to make the rows easily 
distinguishable, cultivation should begin, 
and be continued at intervals of eight to 
10 days as late as weather conditions will 
permit. When grown in small quantities, 
thus making Winter mulching practicable, 
a light covering of straw or salt hay will 
be quite helpful in bringing the crop 
safely through the Winter, but it must 
be removed as soon as growth starts in 
the Spring. K. 
Preparing for Winter. 
Storing Cabbage. —A convenient meth¬ 
od of storing cabbage, where the crop 
does not call for a large storage bouse, 
is in pits about two feet deep, with sides 
of brick, stone, concrete or wood. Such 
pits are from eight to 18 feet wide, and 
covered with a roof, on which strawy 
horse manure is placed. There should be 
small cupolas or ventilating shafts and 
the pit must be built in a well-drained 
place. Cabbage may also be buried with¬ 
out a regular pit. One common method 
is to draw a furrow, six or eight inches 
deep, pull the plants and set them in the 
furrow heads down. A furrow is then 
thrown from each si<l<j, covering the heads 
about a foot deep. In a cold locality, 
three or four inches of manure may be 
thrown over the ridge. Still another 
plan is to place the heads on top of the 
ground, in a well-drained place. The 
heads ;ire inverted, or preferably laid on 
their sides, with the outside leaves un¬ 
derneath, in rows three heads wide. The 
rows are put running up and down the 
slope, to provide drainage. A two-horse 
plow is then used to draw two furrows 
on each side of the windrow, throwing 
all the soil possible over the cabbage. 
Shovels are used to finish the covering, 
to a depth of about six inches and when 
hard freezing begins a little horse man¬ 
ure may be thrown over the top. While 
a layer one or two heads wide may he 
placed on top of the three-head wind¬ 
row, this adds much to the labor of cov¬ 
ering. A windrow three heads wide and 
one bead deep is quite easily covered. 
All buried cabbage is hard to got out in 
very cold weather but it is quite possible 
to take it out on mild days, storing in 
barn or cellar till needed. 
A regular cabbage house, double-walled, 
with conveniences for storing the heads 
in racks or bins, is quite expensive, but 
necessary where large crops are handled. 
The requisites for storing cabbage, under 
all conditions, are the same; low temp¬ 
erature, which arrests decay ; moisture, to 
keep the cabbage crisp; abundant ventil¬ 
ation, which prevents excessive moisture, 
and prevention of hard freezing. A little 
frost will not hurt, but a regular freeze 
may destroy the cabbage. 
Winter Squash must be stored in 
a temperature above 50 degrees. Special 
buildings are prepared for this purpose, 
where the sfluash are stored in bins or 
on racks. They are cut with short stems 
before hard frost, and handled carefully. 
The same conditions arc favorable for 
storing sweet potatoes, so the two are 
often kept in the same house. 
Celery Storage. —Hotbeds and cold 
frames ai*e quite satisfactory for storing 
celery. They may either he dug out 
deeper, or have auother set of boards on 
top. to give the required height. The 
plants are set in the frame close to¬ 
gether, and then covered with boards 
lapped to shed rain. In very cold local¬ 
ities such frames are covered with sash, 
over which are mats covered with hoards. 
Ventilation must be given on warm days 
by blocking up the sash. Celery is also 
stored satisfactorily in trenches, with the 
hoards used in blanching nailed in V- 
sliape and placed over the top. If warm 
weather follows the troughs are blocked 
up to admit air. When frost comes a 
light furrow is thrown up along the 
boards, and later manure is thrown over 
them, but this trench plan is usually 
adopted when the crop is to be sold early 
in the Winter. Tops of celery should 
always be dry when it is stored, and some 
soil is lifted with the plants. It must be 
stored before hard freezing. 
RURAL NEW-YORKER 
HAY MAKING IN NORWAY 
A friend of ours who has a little place 
in the country hired a Norwegian work¬ 
man, who claimed that he was a farmer 
and knew all about farm work. There 
were about two acres of hay to cut on the 
place, and our friend turned his farmer 
loose at the proper time. lie came home 
to find a surprising sight. A number of 
swaths of hay had been cut by hand 
around the field, and the grass had all 
been picked up by hand and piled on the 
fence, looking very much like a week’s 
washing hung out on the line. Our 
friend had never seen hay dried in that* 
way before, but the Norwegian, with 
many gestures and many unpronounceable 
words, explained that that was the way 
they did it in his home country. He had 
his way, and as the weather was fine, he 
turned out a magnificent quality of hay. 
Now we find in a report of Consul Holder 
of Christiania, an account of hay crops in 
Norway, and the following statement is 
made about the method of curing the hay 
crop. It would appear therefore that 
our Norwegian friend was true to the 
methods of his native land, and he cer¬ 
tainly produced a crop of bay which the 
oows greatly enjoyed: 
Besides the usual method of curing hay 
by stacking it, many Norwegian farmers 
use rows of wooden stakes, each about 
seven feet high and six feet apart, upon 
which four or five rows of wire, or occa¬ 
sionally strong twine, are strung, the 
lowest row being about 18 inches from 
the ground. The direction of the rows 
of stakes is determined by the direction 
of the prevailing winds, the sun’s rays, 
or the lay of the land, and their distance 
apart by the amount of hay to be har¬ 
vested. As the hay is mowed, women and 
children hang it over the rows of wire 
or twine. As the lowest row is clear 
from the ground no dampness affects it 
and the top row keeps off the rain to a 
large extent. The hay must be sufficient¬ 
ly well hung to withstand the wind, hut 
this is much simpler than it seems. After 
it has hung from three to six day it is 
gathered in the usual way by hay wagons. 
As these wagons have very small wheels 
and are close to the ground, no pitching 
is required, and women and children are 
able to do the work very easily, as the 
rows are comparatively close to the 
ground. 
The advantage of this method, aside 
from the ease with which it can be ac¬ 
complished, is the rapidity with which 
the hay is dried and cured by its thor¬ 
ough exposure to the sun and wind in 
place of being massed together on damp 
ground. Owing to the fact that in many 
parts of Norway there are only a few 
days of sunny or dry weather, the method 
is successful where almost any other 
process would cause the hay to rot or 
mold. 
Halls: “What are you doing now?” 
Gall: “Oh, I’m making a house-to-house 
canvass to ascertain why people don’t 
want to buy a new patent clothes- 
wringer.”—Chicago News. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”— Adr. 
The Bastian 
“Oregon” 
Pruning Hook 
Operates with a simple 
pump-gun action upon 
a most powerful com¬ 
pound leverage enabl¬ 
ing you to cut, with a 
quick pull, a small twig or 
a limb an inch thick. I his 
pruning hook is light but 
very strong, powerful and 
durable. The natural 
position of your hands on 
the pole-handle gives ease, speed 
and accuracy of operation. All 
side-strain is eliminated as the 
compound leverage principle 
places the strain denghwise of 
the pole. The perfectly tem¬ 
pered and ground Sheffield 
Tool Steel blade makes a clean, 
smooth cut—there’s no chance 
for it to pinch or bind. 
The Bastian 
“Oregon” 
Fruit Picker 
gets the fruit that’s “way. 
out of reach” of your hand 
andpicksitwithout bruising 
in the slightest. You need this 
handy fruit picker. It will 
•oon save enough fruit to pay 
a big profit. 
The Bastian 
“Oregon” 
Pruning Shears 
These shears work with 
the same easy but 
powerful compound 
action as the prun¬ 
ing hook. They are 
especially adapted for 
cutting out water sprouts 
and suckers, heading back 
young trees, trimming 
hedges, berry bushes, etc. 
Try These Orchard f 
Tools 
»» 
Bastian “Oregon 
Orchard Tools are 
carefully made of the 
best materials. They 
are reasonable in price 
and guaranteed. 
Made in all lengths. 
If the local dealer cannot 
supply you with these tools, 
do not accept substitutes. 
Write to us and we’ll send 
prices and the name of the 
nearest dealer who can supply 
you or we’ll ship direct. 
Try Bastian “Oregon” 
Tools before buying others. 
Write today 
circular. 
for descriptive 
STOREY MFG. CO., 
1540 Macadam Road 
PORTLAND, OREGON 
TO KILL 
San Jose Scale 
USE 
Bergenport Brand Sulphur 
The best sulphur for Lime Sulphur 
Solution. 
Writo to 
_ _ __. r . P 
Combines easily and quickly with lime 
T. & S. C. WHITE & CO. 
BEIIGENI’OKT SULPHDK WORKS 
100 William Street, New York 
SURE CURE FOR SAN JOSE SCALE 
CHEAPEST AND BEST ( 
Jarvis Spraying t'ompountl lias no superior. Buy 
from the manuiacturors direct and save money. A 
f iallon of Jarvis Spraying Compound makes 16 gal- 
ons of spray. Compound ready to mix with water. 
Sold in 1)1)1. lots (60 gallons), 30 cents per gallon. 
References—J. H. Bale, the "Peach King," or Prof. 
Jarvis of the Connecticut Agricultural College. They 
will tell you there is nothing better. 
The J.T. Robertson Co., Dept. R, Manchester,Conn. 
San Jose Scale Killer 
KIL-O-SCALE is the. most reliable rem¬ 
edy for scale. Ready lor use by simply mix¬ 
ing with water. Also Lime sulphur and 
Spraying Outfits. Write for catalogue. 
Henry A. Dreer, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Standard Apple Barrels 
Car lots or loss. ROBT. GILLIES, Medina, N. Y. 
& Kelly’sTREES 
l>lr*ct to Planter from 5ur»crlea 
1 Wholesale Price*. 
We have no agauta. Write for owl 
Catalogue ami gave half on agent*’ prices. I 
Wc grow our own traea and sell you! 
ronly sturdy trees, guaranteed true to name and free from all I 
j diaeaae. Our immense Rtock enables us to quote lowest] 
|possible prices. Apples arc our specialty this Fall. 
Write lor catalogue now. 
Kelly Bros,Wholesale Nuraerlea, 76 MalnSU,Pauarllle,N.Y^ 
TREES FOR FALL PLANTING 
Direct from our Nurseries. Our immonse 
stock of Apple, Peach, Pear. Plum, Cherry, 
etc., enables us to quote lowest prices. 
Write at once for Catalog and Prices. 
L’BMOREflUX NURSERY CO.. - Schoharie, N. Y. 
700,000 Fruit Trees half agent’s prices. Strong. 
healthv, all first quality and guaranteed true. All 
D&nsvUle grown and Fresh Dug. No San Jose Scale. 
Special bargains for fall planting. Illus. Catalog free. 
DENTON,- WILLIAMS A DENTON, Wholesale Nurserymen 
36 Elm Street, Daunvllle, N. T. 
EPTTIT TREES AND PLANTS at Reasonable Prices 
riVUll Catalogue Free, Basil Perry, Cool Sprino, Del. 
FOR SALEASd inis DANISH STOCK BEETS 
$r, j*or ton F. O. II. Auburn. The key to large milk production 
Ready for Immediate delivery. T. E. Harlow, Mgr., Auburn, N, 1. 
; .",f_SEED CORN ON 
F I 
SALE- 
to2 pounds. Send 15 cts. for sample'■ P n > P°J' 
age and write for prices. S. LAUER. Blandou, Pa 
GINSENG SEED FOR SALE 
500,000 homegrown seed at $1.00 
per 1,000 in lots of 5,000 or over, 
THOMAS, 
J. A. 
4 Bellevue Place, Auburn, N. Y. 
„ Dio ,iects ’ Lettuce, Kobl-rabi 
U3DD32,6 rl3lilS $i pe r 10M). Tomato, Sweet 
Potatoes. $150 per 1000. Cauliflower, Peppers,$2 per 
1000. Send for list. J. C. SCHMIDT, Bristol, Pa- 
READ THE “FRIEND” AD IN LAST ISSUE 
BOOKS WORTH BUYING= 
Landscape Gardening, Parsons.2.00 
Lawn Making, Barron. J'JJJ 
Agriculture and Chemistry, Storer. 5.00 
Fertilizers and Crops, Van Slyke.... 2.50 
Weeds of Farm and Carden, Pammel 1.50 
Book of Wheat, Dondlinger. 2.00 
Successful Fruit Culture, Maynard.. 1.00 
Irrigation and Drainage, King.... 1.50 
Study of Corn, Shoesmith. .50 
The Soil, King. l.»° 
333 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
WEST 30th ST., NEW YORK. 
PAY BIG PROFITS If bought right and handled rlcht. Let uh help you. Long experience 
In marketing fruit, as well as in gulling trees, has taught us which varieties are most depend¬ 
able under various conditions. Our Block of peach, pear, apple, cherry and plum trees is njhibered 
by the hundreds of thousands, but It embraces only practical, proven varieties. Send for the COLLINS 
ORCIUKP GUIDE, today—It la free. ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box 31, Moorestown, N. J. 
Maloney QualityTREES 
We crow our trees and sell direct to the customer at wholesale prices, which j 
late from r,0<7 (o 76* less than you pay agents and dealers. Twenty nlno years 1 
experience enables ns tn sell yon fruit tr.es and plants at lower prices than our 
competitors. If you want Guaranteed Quality Agiile, Peach, Pear. Plum, 
Cherry Ouince, or other Fruit and Ornamental trees, vines or shrubs at lowest 
possible prices, consistent with quality, write today tor our FREE wholesale, 
Illustrated catalogua. You cannot afford to bo without It. Visit our nurseries. 
MALONEY BROS, & WELLS CO., 142 Main Street, Oansville, N. Y. Dansville's Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries. 
Don’t Neglect 
Fall Spraying 
66 
SCALECIDE 
99 
Fall Spraying 
is Best 
TRADE MARK REG. U. S. PAT. OFF- 
“Scalecide” will positively destroy San Jose, Cot- Our booklet, “Scalecide thei Tree Saver’’ proves 
. tony Maple Scale, Pear Psylla, etc., without injury our every assertion Mailed free. B.L. Pratt 
to the trees. Endorsed by Experiment Stations. Co., Dept. N , *>0 Church Str , 
