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'THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
The Rural New-Yorker 
THE BUSINESS FARMER’S PARER 
A National Weekly Journal for Country anil Suburban Homes 
Established tsso 
FubHahed weekly by the Rural Publishing Company, 333 West 30th Street, New York 
Herbert W. Colling wood, President and Editor. 
John J. Dillon, Treasurer and General Manager. 
Wm. F. Dillon, Secretary. Mrs. E. T. Royle, Associate Editor. 
SUBSCRIPTION : ONE DOLLAR A YEAR 
To foreign countries in the Universal Postal Union, U2.01, equal to 8s. 6d., or 
8)4 marks, or 10)4 francs. Remit in money order, express 
order, personal check or bank draft. 
Entered at New York Post Office as Second Class Matter. 
Advertising rates 60 cents per agate line—7 words. References required for 
advertisers unknown to us ; and cash must accompany transient orders. 
“A SQUARE DEAL” 
We believe that every advertisement in this paper is backed by a respon¬ 
sible person. But to make doubly sure we will make good any loss to paid 
subscribers sustained by trusting any deliberate swindler advertising in our 
columns, and any such swindler will be publicly exposed. We protect sub. 
; cribers against rogues, but we do not guarantee to adjust trifling differences 
between subscribers and honest, responsible advertisers. Neither will we be 
responsible for the debts of honest bankrupts sanctioned by the courts. 
Notice of the complaint must be sent to ns within one month of the time of 
the transaction, and yon must have mentioned The Rural Nbw-Yorkkr 
when writing the advertiser. 
The New York State Fruit Growers’ Association 
will bold its annual meeting January 7-9 next at 
Kochester, N. Y\ Among other features will be a 
Grand Sweepstakes prize of $50 for the best three 
boxes of apples. This competition is open to the 
world—wherever apples are grown. There ought 
to be a lively contest with the best fruit on earth. 
* 
Too much of the parcel post mail is now carried in 
bags. This means crushing or jamming of many 
packages Avhich were never made to be squeezed. In 
the English service hampers are used for carrying 
such packages, and they are not crushed or broken. 
It will cost money to provide these hampers, but 
they will come in time. Parcel post has proved a 
great convenience and we shall have a steady de¬ 
velopment of it. There is no way of stopping it 
* 
Attention, Jersey-men —all who are friends of a 
hen ! The Experiment Station at New Brunswick is 
not organizing a “contest” but a .record. Any dock, 
large or small, any age or variety, may be entered. 
You may feed, house or handle in any way you like, 
the only requirement being that you keep a faithful 
record and submit it to the experiment station. In a 
way this will be a “contest,” but the object is not so 
much to promote great yields as to learn definite 
facts about poultry keeping. Suppose we have 50 
flocks, all carefully watched and recorded. It would 
he more useful than a “contest” in which the birds 
were all fed and handled alike. The experiment sta¬ 
tion will send full particulars and blank forms for 
record figures. Come, Jerseymen—help make this go! 
* 
We tell you what we know and what we can find 
out about this scale destroying parasite. If half of 
what is said about it proves to he true this insect 
will revolutionize an entire business. That is about 
what happened in California when another parasite 
was turned loose upon the scale. We understand 
that this new insect does not injure any tree or 
plant; nor does it attack beetles or Codling moth. 
The parasite lives upon the scale and should that 
pest be entirely cleaned out the parasite dies. We 
expect to try this new comer in our own orchard 
and will report the results. We have had a hard 
struggle with the scale and well realize the need of 
fighting it. No use indulging in dreams or visions 
about what this parasite is going to do. We shall 
still watch and spray. At the same time this theory 
of setting bug to killing bug is a good one and it 
must he worked out. We shall keep on spraying 
but give this parasite every chance to make good. 
* 
Let us all make an effort this year to protect our 
property from sports and hunters. As soon as the 
law permits it swarms of these hunters, armed with 
all kinds of firearms, will roam over our farms. 
Some of them are respectable and law-abiding peo¬ 
ple out for a little genuine sport. These men are 
careful not to damage property or rip down fences 
or corn shocks. Others are irresponsible scamps, 
lialf-lilled with liquor, lawless and dangerous. The 
safest plan is to keep all strangers off the premises 
if possible. Post the farm thoroughly. Get the 
local printer to print such notices as we mentioned 
last week. Put them up along the boundaries of the 
farm. Try to get the neighbors all to combine and 
post their farms together and agree to prosecute the 
first man who ignores these signs and comes hunt¬ 
ing in that territory. The New' York law is clear, 
and after you give warning by posting your farm 
it will be a clear case of trespass for hunters to 
enter it. The game laws are controlled by the 
sports and hunters through their clubs. If this year 
farmers would only make a concerted effort to pro¬ 
tect their rights the hunters would soon realize that 
these game laws must be made more reasonable. 
In the country around Moorehead, Minn., last 
Spring a few growers got together to try to sell their 
potatoes direct to the final market. The scheme was 
popular, and was well talked up. There are now- 
153 members of the Northern Potato Growers’ Sales 
Co. They have handled the business so as to obtain 
from 10 to 15 cents more per bushel than local 
buyers offer. This is only one instance of the way 
farmers are organizing to buy or sell. It seems that 
every successful cooperative plan is built upon a 
necessity, for it is hard to organize the most pros¬ 
perous farmers. 
* 
As we close this issue—too late for any extended 
discussion—word comes that Gov. Win. Sulzer has 
been found guilty ou several of the charges, and is 
to be removed from office; No man could have had 
a fairer trial or a better chance to make good h 
boastful defense. The New York Court of Appeals 
and the State Senators made up a jury of 57 men, 
before whom any public man could obtain a square 
deal. The whole affair is one of the most unfortun¬ 
ate things that has ever happened in New- York 
public life. Mr. Sulzer was elected last Fall by an 
immense vote, because the people somehow 7 got 
the idea that he was a genuine reformer—a clean, 
honest and fearless man, Sulzer tied his name to 
several genuine reforms which, the people w r ant. 
When the impeachment proceedings began the great 
majority of New 7 York voters, especially those in 
the country, firmly believed it was a case of 
malignant political persecution. Sulzer’s boastful 
promises of what he would do to his accusers when 
he got a chance at them made his confiding friends 
more loyal than ever. Then came the trial, and day 
by day the testimony made Mr. Sulzer appear a liar, 
a bluffer and a poor shuffling creature. Still the peo¬ 
ple stood by him, and told how 7 he would face this 
testimony like a lion aud tear it into shreds. But 
the lion had nothing hut a roar. At the w 7 hite hot 
test of courage there appeared only a poor straw- 
stuffed scarecrow of a fighter, for Sulzer made no 
defense worthy of the name. We fully recognize 
the evil elements of public life which have forced 
this impeachment through. Yet no honest man can 
read the testimony before this high court and say 
that Wm. Sulzer should remain in the Governor’s 
chair. The saddest part of the whole thing is the 
disappointment of the common people, who have 
found their lion only a poor scarecrow. 
* 
1 know of a farm of 100 acres on rural delivery 
route seven miles from station, good market, sell all 
produce to consumers, no 35-ceut dollar there. Good 
buildings, plenty of wood and water, can be bought for 
less than one building eould be erected for and there 
are six buildings on it. Ow-ner has left the place, and 
it begins to run down Soon no one would want it. 
I know' of a man who would buy it if he c^uld get the 
money. He has not a dollar in ready cash to put in it, 
but has learn, tools, and stock necessary to run it, a 
good farmer, temperate and industrious. In a few 
years that man would have a good home instead of 
tracking around from one place to another, and that 
would be producing something for the good of humanity. 
Washington Co., N. Y. g. w. 
Unless this man is of exceptional character and 
strong personality it is very doubtful if he could 
obtain a loan ou such property Most banks would 
not regard this as a good risk, and no stranger 
would be likely to take it. But let us see w r hat 
could be done under some of the rural credit sys¬ 
tems which have worked so well in Europe. A 
dozen or more farmers in that town or community 
would combine and sell their credit. They would 
form a cooperative organization and with their farm 
property as security use their credit to borrow 
money about as a manufacturer or a large business 
house would do. With the security afforded by this 
combined property the loan would be considered a 
good risk by men with money to lend. The society 
of farmers could then lend this man enough for the 
purchase of the farm under terms which would en¬ 
able him slowly to pay off the delA, and in the end 
own a home, while every farmer in the organization 
and the man who bought their credit would be safely 
protected. In brief, that is one way in which the 
European farmers have been able to obtain money 
and land. In the case here mentioned the man 
would become a freeholder while under our usual 
financial system he must expect to be a life-long 
tenant. Under this method the farmers help them¬ 
selves by making use of their combined credit, and 
that is far better than to wait for direct govern¬ 
ment help. 
* 
A number of cases of substituted nursery trees 
have come to us lately. Some of them may go to 
court. The case most commonly quoted in this con¬ 
nection was tried about three years ago in New 
Y'ork State. A fruit grower bought 3,500 peach trees, 
for which he paid $297.50. When the trees came 
into hearing only (S3 were true to name. As the 
October 25, 
nurseryman would not settle this fruit grower sued 
for $13,685 damages. He figured on the increased 
value of the land had these trees been true. This 
man had signed a contract in which appeared this 
statement.. 
“Ani/ stock u'hieli does not prove to he true to' 
name as labeled is to he replaced free or purchase 
price refunded 
Read this over carefully and you will see how 
lightly it holds the nurseryman. Yet the trial judge 
held that this settled it. lie stopped the trial aud 
told the jury to give a verdict for $236.36. Au ap¬ 
peal was taken aud the higher court said that in 
such a one-sided contract the buyer should have the 
benefit of any uncertainty. This court also held that 
the increased value of orchard land was a material 
point for the jury. ’The fruit grower sued once 
more and won a verdict for $1,500. Most “substitu¬ 
tion’’ cases will run along the lines of this one, hut 
we warn our readers that they must be sure of all 
their facts. They must he able to show without 
any question that the trees at issue were the actual 
ones received from the nurseryman. In one case the 
fruit grower admitted that trees from several dif¬ 
ferent nurserymen had been planted in one orchard. 
Of course he could not produce the original labels 
or packing cases. Several men on the jury un¬ 
familiar with fruit growing, thought he did not 
identify the trees. These tilings will Come up in such 
a lawsuit, and must be provided for. We have had 
a few cases of “substitution” in our own orchard 
but they have not been serious enough to fight about. 
They seemed more like the misiakut which most of 
us make from time to time. The wholesale substitu¬ 
tion of a large order is another thing and without 
excuse. If we were cheated in any such wholesale 
way we would make the nurseryman settle fairly or 
chase him into the limelight and fence him in. 
* 
The rural church may well take the lead in coop¬ 
erative country work. The basis of true cooperation 
is brotherhood, and that is an essential part of re¬ 
ligious work. Some churches are quietly organizing 
business plans of this sort which are sure to help 
their people. Here is a report from Alabama: 
There was a new pastor appointed to take charge of 
a country flock. It was a poor congregation in Baldwin 
County, and they needed a 7 good many things, so his 
first move was to get one of the members to donate 10 
acres of land for the church. He set aside one acre 
for the building and ground, and the other nine acres 
he wont to work on, getting the members to agree to 
contribute so much time in a year to putting it in 
shape to cultivate, and then setting it out iu Satsuma 
oranges and pecans, and continuing the giving of a cer¬ 
tain amount of time, cultivated the trees. The scheme 
has not been in operation long enough to bring the 
trees to bearing, but if they persevere until crops begin, 
it should prove a very good paying thing, and give the 
church a great deal of help towards building improve¬ 
ments aud making repairs and changes. 
Not only this but the church ground can be made 
an experiment station, where improved methods can 
be tried. As the church members mingle their labor 
for the common good they will find themselves drawn 
together in other ways. There are several plans of 
this sort being worked out. Some of the Michigan 
churches have a plan for supporting boys at college 
on the income from “brotherhood” acres. Each farm¬ 
er member will lay aside one acre and give the pro¬ 
ceeds to a fund for educating one boy each year. 
By carrying out such plans the country church not 
only helps itself but gives the entire community an 
example of that practical religion which the world 
is eager to receive. 
BREVITIES. 
The English Red clover seed crop is heavy. 
Our cows will leave grain for tops of mangels. 
October 28-30 will witness the fiftieth birthday cele¬ 
bration of the Kansas Agricultural College. 
If Billy goat is called a butter then it’s plainly to 
be seen that to help him in the dairy Mrs. Goat’s a 
butterine. 
“Ciiincii Bug Day” is the latest for Kansas. On 
this day there will be a united “burning” of rubbish aud 
old fields to get rid of Chinch bugs. 
They tell us that many a farmer has carried the 
germs of hog cholera to his own herd ou his boots. 
He goes to see his neighbor’s sick hogs and then walks 
back to his own hogs without cleaning up. 
The Illinois University has purchased 320 acres of 
land for enlarged work in horticultural interests. The 
rise in price of farm lands calls for more intensive cul¬ 
ture. More dollars in valuation—more pounds from 
the acre. 
In Grant Co., Wis., farmers will cooperate to grind 
and distribute limestone. They have the quite common 
condition of an upper acid soil underlaid by limestone 
rock. The crashed rock mixed through the upper soil 
fits it for clover. 
