1166 
the rural new-vorkek 
October 25, 
Milk 
Prices paid producers by New York 
wholesalers range from 3% to 4*4 cents, 
net, for Class B pasteurized milk. Res¬ 
taurants using two to five cans per day 
are now paying jobbers 5% to 6% cents 
per quart. 
BOSTON MILK MARKET. 
The Winter price for Boston milk is 
practically settled without the fight which 
a short time ago seemed possible. The 
H. P. Hood Co. led off by offering 40 
cents per can in the middle zone for dair¬ 
ies that will score G5 points by the Gov¬ 
ernment score card, and one cent less per 
can for all who score below, with the 
proviso that any dairy scoring below 
65 the first time and shortly after cor¬ 
recting or improving so as to score 65 at 
a second visit, then gets the other cent. 
The Hoods continue their policy of put¬ 
ting out a register which the dairies must 
sign, stating the amount of milk each 
wishes to furnish, and all are bound by 
this agreement for number of months 
signed for. By this method the milk sup¬ 
plied to them is kept very even, and they 
stand little loss by reason of a large sur¬ 
plus at any time. The surplus milk in 
the past has had much to do in keeping 
down the price, and perhaps this plan 
is as good as, or better than the old way 
of charging back to the farmers a cer¬ 
tain per cent for the surplus. The Hoods 
and Whitings each claim the other gets 
the larger part of its supply the farthest 
back, which means less net cost by rea¬ 
son of a lower price paid for the farthest 
back milk, and a lower freight rate than 
for that bought many miles nearer the 
city. The truth is both get a good share 
of their supply in the back territory, but 
do not care to have the fact known, as 
much of this is sold as nearby milk, and 
in competition with the same. 
The Whiting price is a straight price 
of 39 cents per S% quart can in the mid¬ 
dle zone, and this was not announced un¬ 
til some days after it was known what 
the Hoods would pay. It is generally 
understood the price of nine cents to the 
consumer, which has prevailed for the 
last few months, will not be raised under 
the Winter price paid the producers. 
The Deerfoot Farm Co. will pay 40 
cents as its lowest price, with its usual 
premium of one, two and three cents ex¬ 
tra for milk testing 4%, 4.20, and 4.40 
respectively, and about one cent per quart 
more for some of its best supply for fam¬ 
ily trade. The independent peddlers, or 
those who do not buy from the large con¬ 
tractors, but from the farmers direct, are 
ahead of the large contractors both in 
price and policy. Most of these will pay 
42 cents straight for the Winter milk, 
and some will pay this price for 12 
months, which means through next Sum¬ 
mer, something that never was done be¬ 
fore in Boston milk history. With this 
as an opening wedge for the policy some 
of us have been agitating for some time, 
we believe in time this will be the gen¬ 
eral policy, a straight price for every 
month in the year. Of course some buy¬ 
ers will fight this to the bitter end, but 
they will have to come to it in time. As 
we have stated before, in most cases the 
retail price to Boston consumers has been 
the same for all the months, while the 
price paid the producers has been cut in 
the Summe months, especially May and 
June, to a very low figure. Why this 
should be *ias been explained in various 
ways by its contractors; said explanations 
have never been satisfactory to producers 
and never will be. Now the first wedge 
is driven and an opening made keep at 
it until the old policy of cutting Summer 
milk prices is altered and a straight all- 
the-year price prevails. A. E. P. 
A PLAIN SILO TALE. 
There are quite a goodly number of 
silos being used among my friends here. 
I see plainly enough there is a general 
appearance of gain where they use a silo, 
especially if followed by a cement stable. 
That is, in.three or four years I can see 
a more productive look in the field, such 
as a better crop of hay and a fresher 
start of aftermath, as well as more cattle 
and better-looking stock the next Spring. 
I know of no form of cement silo; gener¬ 
ally they are made of staves hooped to¬ 
gether with %-inch rods, which are made 
; a they may be tightened by using a 
wrench. Some have a patent kind of a 
double bar like a bucksaw tightener. Some 
are pine, some hemlock,' s.ome cypress. I 
know of one chestnut; some are built of 
lumber obtained on the farm or nearby ; 
some are shipped in from some silo manu¬ 
facturer. Those have their patent doors; 
no special size of silo, only to suit the re¬ 
quirements of each farm. I have not 
heard of any new ones this season. I re¬ 
member one last year built of staves cov¬ 
ered with tar paper, then bound round 
with a thin board about six inches wide. 
A bit of tin was nailed over the end of 
each joint of board and plenty of nailing 
and no iron rods for hoops. Some have 
fiat roofs, some shingle, some felt, gener¬ 
ally octagon in shape. It has heeu so 
extra dry that corn is rather a light crop. 
I think nearly all expect to raise enough 
to fill their silo each year, but quite often 
fail, and again some have better luck and 
have some left over and refill or build an¬ 
other one, or feed out the balance whole. 
I have heard of a few that were torn 
down; one farm was too wet. Some 
changed hands, two blew down when 
empty and dried out like a barrel. They 
are a good thing, but a man must have 
some money for seed and fertilizer; then 
filling is no child’s play. Corn harvest¬ 
ers charge, I believe, $2 per acre, bring 
two horses, and farmer furnishes one 
horse and boards all; men generally get 
15 or 20 cents per hour. Many exchange 
work with each other at filling time; 
some corn is cut with a harvester and 
some by hand. Work is done with a good 
team and a low wagon with wide tires, 
and a flat and tight rack, with a good 
driver and a quick one, with from four to 
seven pickers and three to five teams, ac¬ 
cording to the distance the field is from 
the silo and whether the corn is loose or 
bound. Five men can handle more bound 
corn than eight generally can loose. The 
driver throws off sometimes; he has a 
man to assist him, and sometimes two put 
corn in the cutter. The engineer, two 
men in the silo and a boy to carry clear, 
cold water are required. Don’t use cider. 
The engine and cutter with one man I 
believe generally get $1 per hour; some 
won’t sit up short of $10. Some use bliz¬ 
zards and some use the endless chain ele¬ 
vator ; blizzards are cleaner on the 
ground with no corn dropped about, but 
not so nice for the men in silo, and require 
more power to run. With that equipment 
of from 13 to 17 men, don’t forget the 
good woman of the house, neither the gro¬ 
cer and butcher, for it is wholesome work 
and every man has a bear-like appetite; 
and cut out or keep out all shirks and 
drones. W. P. E. 
Cortland County, N. Y. 
Silo for Small Herd. 
What sized silo would you build for 
for or six cows, and what kind? 
Westfield, N. J. J. Q. R. 
I would not build a silo for from four 
to six cows. The expense of filling a 
silo and the difficulty in feeding off a 
sufficient depth from the surface each 
day to keep the silage from spoiling, to¬ 
gether with interest and depreciation 
charges upon the investment, would, in my 
opinion, more than counterbalance the 
advantage to be gained from the use of 
silage. If special circumstances, however, 
made me think it best to build a silo for 
six cows or less, I should make it eight 
feet in diameter and about 24 feet high. 
My own silo, and most of those of my 
neighbors, are built of two by six-inch 
scantlings, usually of hemlock, set upon 
end in tub form upon a concrete base. 
They are hooped with iron rods sold by 
hardware dealers for that purpose, each 
hoop being in three sections and having 
the ends of each section threaded and 
passed through an iron lug so that they 
can be tightened from time to time. In 
silos of 10 feet or more in diameter, it 
is not necessary to bevel such staves; in 
smaller silos it might be best to use two 
by four-inch staves, or have the inner 
edges of larger ones slightly beveled. A 
pit of from two to four feet in depth, 
with concrete wall upon which the silo 
may set, will lessen the needed height of 
silo' above ground. As such silos are 
built in two sections, one above the other, 
two lengths of staves are used, one alter¬ 
nating with the other; this breaks joints 
at the centre of the silo. Such silos, 
known as stave, or tub, silos, are probably 
the cheapest to build and give excellent 
satisfaction. There are numerous ways 
of building silos and a great variety in 
materials used. They are all good, and 
it is chiefly a question of how permanent 
one wishes his silo to be, and how much 
money he is willing to invest in it. 
M. B. D. 
Silage for Winter Ration. 
One of our readers asks us if he can 
winter young stock on silage alone. He 
says he wishes to keep this young stock 
on silage and not feed anything else if 
he can safely do it, and he wants to know 
how much he should feed per day, with no 
other hay or grain. What do you think 
about this, and in your judgment is feed¬ 
ing wise or profitable? 
This is a question that I cannot answer 
from experience or observation, having 
never tried it or seen it tried. In addi¬ 
tion to other roughage and some grain, 
silage is one of the most economical and 
valuable foods for growing stock, con¬ 
tributing much to their thrift and lessen¬ 
ing materially the amount of grain that 
they need. It alone, however, does not 
contain in proper proportion the food ele¬ 
ments needed for developing bone and 
muscle, and I have no doubt that young 
animals fed exclusively upon silage for 
too long a time would deteriorate in 
quality. Just how long it would take for 
evidences of insufficient nutrition to de¬ 
velop, I cannot say. If the inquirer has 
plenty of silage without other roughage 
or grain, I still think that it would pay 
him to purchase some clover or mixed 
hay to use with it and to give in addition 
a small amount of wheat bran, middlings, 
or oats. It seems to me that if his young 
stock is worth wintering at all it should 
repay a moderate amount of purchased 
feed. M. B. D. 
Oak Lumber For Silo. — I should like 
to know if Rock, Red, or Yellow oak 
timber makes good material for a round 
silo? Can anyone give experience in 
using this kind of lumber for silo? 
Montgomery, N. Y. o. M. u. 
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Gasoline Engines 
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