1200 
THE RURA L NEW-YORKER 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by the 
name and address of the writer to insure 
attention. Before asking a question, please see 
whether it is not answered in our advertising 
columns. Ask only a few questions at one time. 
Put questions on a separate piece of paper. 1 
Exhibition and Boxing Apples. 
For exhibition purposes which would 
you use for boxes or single plates, the 
short thick-stemmed or the long slender¬ 
stemmed Baldwin? Is there not a table 
figured out by some one on boxing ap¬ 
ples? For instance to pack a box of 
!) 6 s or 225s or all commercial sizes, what 
size apple ought one to use? c. J. H. 
Milton, N. Y. 
The length of the stems of Baldwin 
apples, and the same is true of many 
other varieties, varies considerably and 
sometimes extremely, some being very 
short, others medium and some very long. 
The shorter is the more common and 
would be the characteristic type. Any 
intelligent pomological judge would know 
all these facts and, probably, not consider 
the length of the stems at all but if he 
did it would be in favor of the shorter 
type. There are very elaborate and ex¬ 
plicit directions given in some of the hor¬ 
ticultural publications about the way to 
pack apples in boxes, with illustrations 
showing the many different styles of 
packing and the number in each box. 
“Better Fruit,” that is published at Hood 
River, Oregon, is a periodical that has 
taken the lead in this matter. It may be 
that the New York State Department of 
Agriculture has a publication of this 
kind. H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Persian and North China Peaches. 
Will you tell me the origin, history, and 
leading characteristics of the Persian and 
North China types of peaches, and, also, 
some of the leading varieties, of each 
type? S. G. 
Westerly, R. I. 
The earliest history of the peach, per¬ 
haps is not known and never will be, but 
it is known that it has been grown for 
thousands of years, there is no doubt. 
Persia may have been the original or 
primitive habitat of the wild species, or 
it may have been China of?* £ome other 
oriental region, but it is sure that in both 
these countries this fruit has been cul¬ 
tivated as far back as history goes. The 
Persian type was the one to be first 
brought into cultivation in Europe and 
America, so I have always understood, 
unless it was the Spanish type. It is 
possible that the Spaniards brought the 
first peach seeds or trees to North Ameri¬ 
ca and planted them along the South At¬ 
lantic and Gulf coast. Whether this is 
true or not it is very certain that they 
did then introduce the type of peaches 
commonly grown in Spain at a very early 
date and the natives of the coast country 
got seeds from the trees and planted them 
in their primitive clearings over the terri¬ 
tory from where the Carolinas now are 
to Texas, and from this fact we have 
called the Spanish type of peaches also 
the Indian type for many years past. 
The twigs are of a reddish color, the 
leaves dark green and wavy and the fruit 
often red externally and striped. The 
Persian strain or type of peaches was the 
main one planted in America and to it 
belong nearly all of the varieties that 
have been commonly grown in the Central 
and Northern States. The trees are 
usually of vigorous habit and from quite 
hardy to tender in moderately cold cli¬ 
mates. The twigs vary from light green 
all over to dark red on the sunny side. 
The flowers are large or small as to the 
strain or particular variety of the trees. 
The fruit is white or yellow externally and 
also internally. The shape is round or oval. 
Some of the leading varieties are Early 
and Late Crawford, Foster, Mountain 
Rose, Stump, Crosby, Amsden, Alexander, 
Troth, Heath Cling and Salway. 
The North China type is one of rather 
recent introduction to this country, hav¬ 
ing been but little known 25 years ago. 
The trees are characterized by very large 
and rather spreading growth, large leaves 
and large petals on the flowers. The 
fruit is usually very large and always 
white fleshed, so far as I know the var¬ 
ieties of the pure strain. Externally it 
is creamy white with a slight blush on 
the sunny side. The flavor is usually very 
sweet. The shape is oval and often with 
a curved point at the end opposite the 
stem. Chinese Cling and General Lee are 
varieties of this type. There are numer¬ 
ous crosses between the different types, 
of which the Elberta is the most prom¬ 
inent. It is a cross between the Chinese 
Cling and some one of the yellow varie¬ 
ties of the Persian type. There has never 
been much done, however, in the way of 
systematic and accurate crossing, so far 
as I know, to combine the good points of 
the several types of peaches. It would, 
probably give rich results. 
II. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Culture of English Filberts. 
I would like information about plant¬ 
ing and raising English filberts, espe¬ 
cially “Kentish Cob,” from the nuts, 
when and how planted? Must the kernel 
be taken from the nut and planted, or 
planted without cracking? Which is the 
best time of the year to plant the nuts, 
Fall or Spring? I have tried different 
ways, but have not been able to get them 
started. J. w. C. 
Frankfort, Ind. 
Filberts are the European hazels and 
are not suited to the Eastern United 
States because of a fungus disease that 
attacks the branches, causing them to die 
slowly. Some of the bushes may not be 
affected for several years, and may seem 
to be free from the disease, but sooner 
or later they are almost sure to fail from 
this cause in all of the region from the 
Atlantic Ocean to the Rocky Mountains, 
according to my observation and reports 
from those who have grown them. This 
seems quite strange in view of the fact 
that our own native hazels are very 
healthy from coast to coast. On the Pa¬ 
cific Coast there seems to be no such 
trouble, and I have seen filbert bushes 
growing and bearing abundantly there, 
with no disease whatever affecting them. 
It would be a risk to plant them in In¬ 
diana, but they might not be troubled for 
several years, as is the case with some 
bushes I know of in Northern Michigan, 
which are now in bearing and have al¬ 
most no signs of blight. 
As to propagation, filbert bushes are 
not grown from the nuts, but from 
sprouts, layers and grafts. The old 
bushes send out a good many small stems 
from near the surface of the ground, and 
these sometimes have roots and may be 
taken off and planted. By layering or 
banking up about the bases of the plants 
the sprouts may be induced to strike 
roots, which makes independent plants 
of them. Grafts from good varieties are 
sometimes set in seedlings and good 
plants made in this way. The Kentish 
Cob is one of the very good varieties 
and bears well in Oregon, Washington 
and British Columbia, and, I think, in 
California also. The plants should be 
set in rich soil and not closer than eight 
feet apart. h. e. van deman. 
Old Lady (to beggar at door)—What’s 
this soiled paper? You’ll have to tell 
me what it says, for I haven’t my glasses. 
Beggar: Please, mum, it says I am 
deaf and dumb, and can you spare me a 
few cents.—Boston Transcript. 
-M-Y>; V fall spraying 
f ’ L- MOST EFFECTIVE \ 
•nd certainly there fs more opportnuftyto spray thoroughly 
for Scale during the late Fall and Winter mouths thau in 
the rush and hurry of Spring. 
The great point in to own a spraying machine that will 
work when you want it and how von want it. The 
DEYO POWER SPRAYER 
ia well and strongly built, with reliable pump and agitator- 
Kuna perfectly on any ground, iu any temperature. Has 
DEYO engine, and thoroughly seasoned cypress tauk. 
Write us, or nearest selling agent, for FREE ILLUS¬ 
TRATED BOOK telling all about Deyo Tower Sprayers 
and Engines. 
DEYO-MACEY ENGINE COMPANY 
22 Washington St., BINGHAMTON, N. Y. 
Richardson Mfg. Co., Worcester, Mass. 
Kendall A. Whituey, Portland, Maine 
P-L-A-NT-T-S 
Raspberry Blackberry, Grapes, etc., READY FOR 
FALL PLANTING. $1.15 per 100, $8.50 per 1,000 Leading 
varieties. Catalog free. A. G. BLOUNT, Hastinos, N. Y. 
750,000 Cherry 980,000 Apple 
At wholesale prices that will astonish you. 
29 years growing trees and Rcdllng direct 
to tho planter means you take no risk in 
dealing with us. We guarantee satis¬ 
faction or money refunded. Write today 
for our FREE, illustrated catalogue of 
guaranteed, true to name trees. 800 
acres. Visit our nurseries, 
mey Bros. & Wells ('o. 14a Main St., Bansvlllo, fi.Y, 
Dausville’s Pioneer Wholesale Nurseries. 
November S, 
SEE HIM FIRST! 
Before 
r: 
POTASH 
PAYS 
the fertilizer salesman arrives, go to your dealer and explain to him that 
you will not buy 2 per cent, goods that contain only 40 pounds of Potash 
per ton. Show him that modern, profitable fertilizers contain from 
5 to 10 per cent. Potash, and that the composition of crops and the 
effect of crops on soils require that — 
the per cent, of Potash should be 
increased until it is as great as, or 
greater than, the per cent, of Phos¬ 
phoric Acid in the fertilizer. It is this grade of goods that pays you 
and your dealer best. The quantity and quality 
of the crops are better and the actual plant food 
costs less per pound. 
Write us for Free Book with 
Profitable Formulas 
□e composition 01 crops anu me 
POTASH 
We will sell you Potash Salt 
in any quantity from 200 pounds 
up. Write for prices. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS, Inc. 
42 Broadway, New York 
MeCormiek Block, Chicago, III. 
Bank & Trust Bldg. 
Savannah. Ga. 
Empire Bldg., Atlanta.Ga.( 
Whitney Central Bank 
Bldg., New Orleans 
25 California St. 
San Francisco 
Y 
The Bastian V The Bastian 
“Oregon” 
Pruning Hook 
Operates with a simple pump-gun 
action upon 11 powerful compound 
lever which forces the sharp Sheffield 
Steel cutting blade through a limb 
an inch thick with but little effort. 
Makes a smooth, clean cut. No side- 
strain on the pole-handle. The natu¬ 
ral position of hands gives the 
operator ease, speed and ac 
curacy. 
The Bastian “Oregon” 
Pruning Shears 
Hare the same easy-working but 
powerful compound action as the 
pruning hook. They are especially 
handy for cutting out water sprouts, 
heading hack young trees, trimming 
hedges, berry bushes, etc. 
“Oregon” 
Fruit Picker 
picks the choice fruit that’s “out of 
reach” without bruising it in the 
least. It soon saves enough fruit to 
pay for itself. 
Try These Orchard 
Tools 
BASTIAN “OREGON” ORCHARD 
TOOLS are made of the very best 
materials—they are powerful, dur- 
ble and handy to use. Reasonable in 
price and guaranteed. Made in all 
lengths. If your dealer lias no Bas¬ 
tian “Oregon” Tools in stock, do not 
accept substitutes, but write to us 
and we’ll send prices and name of 
nearest dealer who can supply you— 
or we’ll ship direct. Write now for 
descriptive circular. 
STOREY MFG. CO., 1540 Macadam Rd., Portland, Oregon 
THE CHEAPEST ROOF 
is not the one that can be bought at the lowest price—usually it is the 
most expensive roof you can buy. Cheap roofs made of paper and tar 
may be good enough for some temporary shed or outbuilding; but for a 
permanent building it is economy to put a permanent roof over it—one 
that will stand the heat of summer as well as the snow and ice of winter 
—a roof that the owner can feel confident will protect the building and its 
contents from damage, this year, next year and 25 years from now. 
“RAIN-TIGHT” RUBBER ROOFING 
fills all the requirements. And there’s a reason for its durability—it is 
made of Trinidad Lake Asphalt which is the standard of the world. 
You know how asphalt pavements withstand the pounding of horses’ 
hoofs and heavy traffic on city streets. What wonder then if the same 
material made into roofing is well nigh indestructible and everlasting. 
Our brand of “Perfect Roofing” is the same as “Rain-Tight” with mica 
flakes added to the surface which make it fire-resisting, it is a non-conductor 
of heat and lightning and insures against fire from sparks falling on the roof. 
Perfect Rosin Sized Sheathing and Perfect Tarred Felt are Best for Sheathing Purposes 
If you need a new roof for any building, now or in the future, 
it Will pay you to send for samples and booklet—Write us today. 
Maurice O’Meara Co., 448 Pearl St., New York City 
-Fruit- 
Tr 
SKLt Til KM as our representative In your territory. 
You are sure to be unusually successful because the 
quality and reliability ot our trees bring repeat orders 
and mako satisfied customers. We have been in 
business 31 years and stand back of you in a practical, 
helpful way. Write today for Local Representative 
Plan—part time or whole time. Ask for Plan A. 
BUY THEM direct from us if you prefer. Prices 
are right; we protect you against nursery careless¬ 
ness and subsequent loss. Scores of tho largest, 
most successful growers buy our trees year after 
year. Write for valuable Catalog. 
THE BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO. 
BOX 8. :: :: YALESVILLE, CONN. 
SURE CURE FOR SAN JOSE SCALE 
CHEAPEST AND BEST 
Jarvis Spraying Compound has no superior. Buy 
from the manufacturers direct and save money. A 
gallon of Jarvis Spraying Compound makes 16 gal 
Ions of spray. Compound ready to mix with water 
Sold in bbl. lots <50 gallons), 30 cents per gallon. 
References—J. H. Hale, the "Peach King,” or Prof 
Jarvis of the Connecticut Agricultural College. They 
will tell you there is nothing better. 
The J.T. Robertson Co., Dept. R, Manchester, Conn. 
TO KILL 
San Jose Scale 
USE 
Bergenport Brand Sulphur 
Tho best sulphur for Lime Sulphur Solution. 
Combines easily and quickly with lime. Write to 
T. & 8. C. WHITE & CO. 
BERGENPORT SULPHUR WORKS 
100 William Street, New York 
SAVES YOU MONEY on fruit trees, berry plants, small fruits, shrubs, 
asparagus roots, decorative plants, etc, Only practical varietiesof proven 
value included. Before you plan, before you buy- -get this valuable guide. 
It is FREE. Write today. Arthur J. Collins, Box 31, Moorestown, N. J. 
KINGS 
Invite you to come to Dnnsville. 300,000 fruit trees to sell. 
Apples 2-yr. 5 to 7 ft. at $120.00 per 1,000. Peaches, 1-yr. 4 to 6 tt. 
at $80.00 per 1,000. Guaranteed true to name, free from scan 
and aphis. Visit us now or write at once. Prices Will advance. 
Buy from a reliable firm on a rising market. . _ „ u 
KING BROTHERS NURSERIES, - DANSVILLE, N. Y- 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal. ’ See guarantee editorial page. : : : 
