1200 
THE RURAE NEW-YORKER 
November 22, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
CATTLE FEEDING IN INDIANA. 
There are many cattle feeders in In¬ 
diana, but perhaps none of them is more 
successful than “Lyss” Michener of Ham¬ 
ilton County. Mr. Michener feeds from 
100 to 140 cattle each Winter, and al¬ 
ways gets the top price. The cattle are 
purchased at the Kansas City stock 
yards, and he is careful to get cattle from 
the Northwest, as he thinks the north¬ 
western cattle are more hardy than 
others; they are all of the. Hereford or 
grade Hereford breed, and are minus 
horns. Last Winter he fed 100 steers 
that weighed 997 pounds at the time of 
purchase and 1,530 pounds when sold. 
The estimated cash profit on these cattle, 
including the profit on the 132 hogs that 
followed the cattle, was $2,700. The 
purchase price of these cattle was $7.50 
per hundred and the selling price $S.75. 
Each year there is an unestimated profit 
which is shown in the improved condi¬ 
tion of the farm. 
About 13 years ago this farm of 100 
acres was purchased at a very low price 
on account of the “run-down” condition. 
At the time of purchase the old fields 
were too poor to produce good crops, and 
on the new fields there were so many 
stumps that there was not room for a 
full crop, but by a judicious use of clovei’, 
manure and dynamite this has been so 
THE SHEEP THIS FALL. 
You are counting on a good lamb 
crop for next Fall, a bit better than you 
had this year. You are planning to feed 
them heavily next Spring, aren’t you? 
Well, if you are wise, you’ll begin feed¬ 
ing them right now. How? Why, by 
feeding their mothers. Get the mother 
sheep in good shape this Fall. Don’t 
think you can half starve them through 
the Winter, waiting for pasture to come. 
Then when the lambs are born feed 
the ewes heavily for milk. What you 
want your ewes to do is to get into 
prime condition right now and keep thenx 
in it. Every bit of fat you put on the 
sheep mother now is going to show up 
in the milk flow next Spring. Plenty 
of fat means that she will not have to 
worry about eating enough to keep her 
warm in cold weather. What she does 
eat can go into building up her milk sup¬ 
ply and into the growth of the unborn 
lamb. Too many of us forget that when 
we ai'e feeding a ewe with lamb, we 
are already feeding and getting ready 
to fatten the lamb itself. 
When chestnuts begin to drop and your 
ewes have to drink ice water these cool 
Autumn mornings, or else go without, it 
is high time we were getting busy pro¬ 
viding for their comfort. I might just 
as well observe here that the above drink 
of ice water ought to be about the last 
as well as the first of the season for a ewe 
with lamb. If they can have running 
A BUNCH OF INDIANA F 
wonderfully changed that it is now the 
most productive farm in the community. 
Last year 5S acres of the farm was in 
corn; 22 acres of which went into the 
silos, and 36 acres went through the 
shredder; the com from the 36 acres 
was measured and showed 90 bushels to 
the aci'e. The wheat crop for 1913 was 
37 acres, which yielded 1.169 bushels; 
one 18-acre field made a little better than 
40 bushels to the acre, and this was with¬ 
out the use of any commercial fertilizer. 
No commercial fertilizer has ever been 
used on this farm. 
Now a few words about the method 
of feeding the cattle. They are fed in 
a covered yard which contains about 1,400 
square feet, and is protected from the 
north and west winds. The yard has 
a solid concrete floor, and from the time 
feeding begins the cattle are not out of 
this yard till they are ready for mar¬ 
ket. Fresh bedding to the amount of IS 
or 20 bales of straw is put into this 
yard each week. The hogs that follow 
the cattle ai-e also confined to the yard, 
and receive no feed except what they 
get from the droppings of the cattle till 
a few weeks befoi-e they are to go to 
market. Mr. Michener is very careful 
not to overfeed, and seldom has a steer 
get “off feed” during the entire season. 
Their food consists of silage, ground corn 
and cotton-seed meal without hay or 
fodder. Two silos, each 1Sx34 feet 
furnish plenty of silage. A large amount 
of corn is bought each year, and the 
grinding is done at home. At the pi-esent 
time, October 30, Mr. Michener has 140 
steers in the yard, which weighed 1,143 
pounds; he anticipates extra good pro¬ 
fits on these cattle. Fig 4S9 reproduces 
a photograph of the 100 steers sold last 
June. f. w. 
Indiana. 
“Well, Ileni’y,” said the fair maid, “did 
popper ask you if you could support me 
in the style to which I am accustomed?” 
“No, deal-,” said Henry. “He mei-ely in¬ 
formed me that he couldn’t, and gave me 
his blessing.”—Judge. 
GEDING STEERS. Fig. 489. 
water, fine. If they cannot, at least see 
that it is freshly drawn without any ice 
chill. You cannot afford to cool a ewe 
off that way early in the morning and 
have her try to make it up in heavy 
feeding later in the day. A chilled lamb, 
whether born or unborn, is a lamb with 
a setback. Lambs with setbacks are not 
the kind we make our money on. 
Your sheep have done right well with¬ 
out much shelter during the Summer. No 
great damage done even if they did get 
caught out in a few heavy thunder show- 
ers. From now on you cannot afford to 
take a chance on their being chilled fi-om 
staying out without cover in one of these 
drizzly Fall i-ains. A tight roof is the 
best insurance you can have against the 
bad effects of too much dampness and 
cold. There is nothing worse for sheep 
health than just this combination. Your 
shelter ought to be well cleaned out, too. 
Let it have chance to air before they 
really have to be using it. Put it in 
good repair. Remedy any chance for 
drafts. You will not enjoy stopping up 
cracks when a 60-mile blizzard comes 
whistling through them some raw Jan¬ 
uary morning. And your sheep will not 
be a bit happier or more comfortable than 
you. They cannot even say what they 
think of you! A nice way indeed, to 
treat your lamb mothers! 
We need to keep this idea in mind, 
that we are not caring for and feeding 
just sheep, but mothers. No doubt your 
pasture looks right good as yet. All the 
same do not depend on it too much. After 
the first hard freeze ordinary pasture 
is not exactly the most nourishing feed 
your sheep could have. Let them pasture 
as long as they stay in good flesh, but 
be sure they are staying in good flesh. 
Don’t be guessing about it. Don’t be 
stingy if there is any sign of their fall¬ 
ing off in condition. Feed them grain if 
you have to. A few dollax-s spent on 
bran and fed to them toward the end 
of the pasture season pays if they need 
it. You will not make any mistake in 
turning them on your wheatfield occa¬ 
sionally, or what is better in southern 
sections, on your Winter oats. Winter 
oats and sheep, by the way, promise to 
px-ove a strong combination in many sec- 
tioixs in building up soil fertility and 
making poor land pay something from 
the start. No grain certainly will keep 
your ewes in better shape for the lamb¬ 
ing season. 
Then too, you have probably grown 
some roots for your ewes. Better be 
getting them pulled, topped, and into 
pits or kilns for covering. Another 
freeze will not help their keeping or feed¬ 
ing quality any. Also if you have a 
field or two from which you have har¬ 
vested cow peas or Soy beans that has 
not been much damaged by the early 
frosts let the sheep clean them up. The 
rakings that were left in harvesting will 
do more good inside your ewes than rot¬ 
ting on the land. If you were able to 
get a good lot of field pumpkins, let the 
sheep have their share. True, their 
feeding value is not high, but when used 
as conditioners they are about the cheap¬ 
est kind of sheep medicine that you can 
get. 
If you lack either wheat or oats for 
pasturage, don’t be afraid of feeding 
them a little cured roughage. Of course, 
Alfalfa or Clover is best, since it does 
away with much grain feeding at this 
time. But sheep are better adapted to 
meet conditions on a poor farm than al¬ 
most any other stock and although by 
the help of your sheep you may in time 
be able to grow good Alfalfa, you are 
more likely just now to be thankful for 
a fair stand of clover or cow peas. 
Either will do what we are aiming at. 
namely to keep the ewes in fit shape just 
as they come from Summer pasturage. 
A few pounds put on now and kept there 
will cut down your feed bill later on by 
half, and make lambs that are really pro¬ 
fitable. R. B. 
RAISING CALVES ON MILK SUBSTITUTES 
I am very glad to give you a descrip¬ 
tion of how I am raising calves with very 
little milk bp using a commercial calf meal 
as a substitute. My farm is located in a 
dairy country, giving me a market both 
ways. I can buy calves of good quality 
at a low price, and sell heifers about to 
freshen, or with calves, at a good price. 
I have raised in one year, on the skim 
milk of one cow. 12 heifers, and one bull, 
now nine months old, a very fine one, and 
looks to be over a year old. with the use 
of the calf meal. I buy calves from one 
to four days old, and for the first week 
give twice a day, morning and evening, 
three-quarters quart calf meal, one-half 
quart lukewarm water. After this I use 
only skim-milk and gradually change the 
quantity of milk, adding the meal so the 
figures I mention are arrived at during 
the week. Second week l 1 /? quarts milk, 
three-quarters quart calf meal, one-lialf 
quart warm water, and one quart boiling 
water; third week one quart milk, one 
quart meal, three-quarters quart warm 
water and scalded with one quart boiling 
water. After that I use no milk and 
slightly incx-ease the meal. While giving 
the milk it should be added to the gruel 
just before feeding. After the first week 
all the bran, and cornmeal, or ground oats 
they will eat up clean, and good hay. 
After the fourth week I start another 
calf, or two, if the cow is giving a fair 
mess of milk. 
All utensils and stables should be kept 
clean, sweet, and dry to avoid scours, and 
the calves should have a run in a clean 
yard or small pasture. My calves are 
as fine as if raised on milk. I am now 
raising a purebi-ed Holstein bull of good 
family, and next year in many cases I 
can buy my own calves back, and so 
improve my stock. I believe this would 
be a good proposition to put up to a 
“back-to-the-lander,” for if a man is fond 
of animals he can raise all the stock his 
farm can feed, and avoid the many un¬ 
pleasant features of the milk business. Of 
course he must choose a farm in a dairy¬ 
ing community where neighboi-s have 
heavy producing cows, buy calves from 
the best, and he will have no trouble in 
disposing of them. How this would work 
to raise stock for beef I am unable to 
say. The amount of grain for feeding 
the second year would necessarily be in¬ 
creased, and would, to that extent, cut 
the margin of profit, and unless operated 
on a lax-ge scale, one would have few of 
an age to ship at one time. E. M. B. 
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