1013 . 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1275 
FARM ENGINEERING. 
Tread Power for Silage Cutter. 
1. Will a 1-horse tread power develop 
enough power to run a silage cutter and 
blower for a 24-foot silo? If so at what 
angle should the tread power be set? 
IIow far should the power and silage 
utter he set apart while in operation? 
My horse weighs 1.050 pounds. 
W. N. W. 
A horse-operated silage cutter alone 
ought to be very successful. A blower 
could not be operated at the same time, 
however, as the cutter will be about all 
a single horse can operate at any consid¬ 
erable rate. Possibly one of the small 
hand operated feed cutters could be belted 
up together with the blower and be run 
at the same time, but not a cutter of 
any great size. A cutter and blower to¬ 
gether capable of taking care of three 
or four tons of green fodder per hour 
would require three or four horsepower 
to operate it. 
The work which a tread mill will do 
depends upon a number of factors. Gen¬ 
erally speaking, the tread should be 
raised to as great an angle as possible 
without making it hard for the horse to 
secure a good footing, in this way se¬ 
curing the advantage of as much of the 
weight of the horse as possible. Of 
course, if we could have the horse tread 
vertically, it would be most desirable, 
for then we could get the purchase of 
his whole weight and thus increase the 
power of the tread mill. With the mill 
at ,30 degrees, we get the use of only half 
his weight, while at 45 degrees about 
five-sevenths of his weight is used. Over 
45 degrees is never used, while from 30 
to 45 is the common practice, 30 being 
probably most common. The size of the 
wheel upon which the tread acts makes 
a difference, just as the length of the 
sweep 'fri a horse-sweep. Seldom is the 
wheel over three feet in diameter. The 
actual work done is not increased by in¬ 
creasing the size of the wheel, hut the 
force which the horse exerts is greater, 
although the shaft will run at a slower 
speed. Further, the gait of the horse 
affects the power, as the power depends 
upon the distance the tread moves in a 
given length of time, and this will, of 
course, be greater the faster the horse 
goes. • r. p. c. 
Locating a Water Supply. 
We have recently purchased a farm 
which is possessed of no adequate water 
supply, and we must obtain a good well 
of some sort. We are on a knoll of 
sandy loam with gravel below and on 
all sides of us, but not on the property, 
and not near enough to be available are 
springs. We have about $300 to put 
into the water system, and with that I 
wish to dig and finish a w<511 and pipe it 
into the kitchen and into the feed room 
of henhouse with good hand pumps. 
Eventually we shall install a pumping 
device. Considering the nature of the 
soil, would not a driven well be best, using 
fhe drive well points and finishing with 
the large sewer tile pipes? Can you give 
me any directions for using such mate¬ 
rial? IIow is the tile sunk, and how are 
the sections fastened together? Would 
this method be practicable if one had to 
go down 50 feet? At the foot of our 
knoll the land is quite marshy. Does 
this not prove that the water level is 
fairly near the surface there? If we 
bored through the sand on the slope of 
the knoll, slightly above this marshy 
place, would we be likely to get good 
water at a reasonable depth? L. b. w. 
Maine. 
You really ought to find a plentiful 
apply of water near the surface, con¬ 
sidering the prevalence of springs on 
neighboring land, and the fact that there 
is moist land on your own property. If 
a hole is dug into the soil at any place, 
it will be found that water is reached at 
some certain depth, and below that point 
the soil is saturated. This level of water 
is called the “water table” and its depth 
below the surface depends on many 
things. As a rule, the water table is 
lower in sandy soils than it would be in 
more retentive soils. It follows the con¬ 
tour of the land to a great extent, and 
will be nearer the surface in low places. 
At the same time the water table is not 
level, but is frequently higher as you go 
away from lakes and springs, but it 
does not rise so abruptly as the land. 
The water table rises and falls with the 
seasons, being higher after a rainy sea¬ 
son and sinking after a dry season. In 
sinking a well, allowance should be made 
for the change in seasons and, too, it 
should be remembered that the deeper a 
well goes below the water table, the 
greater the supply of water which can 
he taken out because of the fact that the 
water pressure causing the flow into the 
well is greater, the latter depending upon 
die head of water above the bottom of the 
well. The wells sunk in valleys will not 
lie as greatly affected by the seasonal 
elmnges as those on the sides or tops of 
hills for the reason that the water re¬ 
tained in the soil on the high ground 
1 ''lids to flow and does flow gradually into 
the valley. If a long enough season of 
dry weather should occur, the water table 
would sink everywhere until it was on a 
level with the lakes and streams. 
To pick out a site for a well without 
seeing the land is quite a difficult job. 
However, if you can get down on the 
slope or near the foot of the knoll with- 
<mt getting too near the marsh, that 
would be a good place to drive. The well 
must not bo far away from the house or 
too far below it or you will have to put 
the pump at the well instead of at the 
house. The driving should be easy in 
the sandy soil, and probably pipe would 
be better than tile. Tiling is hard to 
put in properly, and will give trouble 
unless well installed. For sanitary rea¬ 
sons experts usually prefer the pipe, as 
then no surface water can flow into the 
sides of the well. I should imagine that 
for $300 you ought to be able to put in 
power, either a small gasoline engine 
and force pump or a small windmill tow¬ 
er. The cost of either with a good force 
pump would not reach one hundred dol¬ 
lars. R. p. c. 
Household Water Supply. 
1. Is it necessary to allow as much 
as one barrel of water for each person 
in a household where there is plumbing? 
2. Will it be necessary to run the water 
from a hill tank about 20 feet above the 
roof of the house into a cellar pressure 
tank? The distance from house to hill 
tank is about 400 feet. 3. Will a con¬ 
crete lined tank be sufficiently water¬ 
proof for water storage? o. b. d. 
Vermont. 
1. A barrel of water is not too much 
to allow for the daily portion used by 
one person in order to give sufficient for 
drinking, cooking, washing, bathing arid 
other domestic uses. It is a fact that we 
waste fully as much water as we use, 
shameful as the fact may be. You should 
he able to calculate roughly the amount 
you use as a family and then make am¬ 
ple allowance for emergency. 
2. I do not see any need of the tank 
in the cellar unless you prefer to have 
a storage there for some reason. Pipe 
the water directly from the outside tank 
to the house taps. 
3. A concrete tank made with a good 
proportion of cement in the concrete will 
be sufficiently waterproof for storage pur¬ 
poses. The concrete must be very thor¬ 
oughly mixed over and over again. The 
usual reason why a concrete tank leaks 
badly, or a foundation leaks badly._ is 
because of the poor quality of concrete 
and poor mixing. There must be plenty 
of cement used even if it does cost more, 
and it must be well mixed and used right 
away. It must not be dry and crumbly 
when used, but rather plastic. This con¬ 
dition is obtained by using slightly more 
water than ordinarily. r. p. c. 
Use of Hydraulic Ram. 
I have built my house on a hill and 
water is unhandy. I tried to bore for 
water; have had lots of trouble and the 
driller lost his tools and I gave it up. 
I have a good spring at the foot of the 
hill and can get 10 feet fall. Do you 
think a ram would give good satisfaction 
there to raise the water 75 feet? Length 
of discharge pipe would be 450 feet, drive 
pipe about 50 feet in length. I can get 
another spring about 3.000 feet away from 
the house. The spring is high enough to 
run water into the house. Will a cement 
pipe stand the pressure at the foot of this 
lull to raise it up to the house? If so, 
how much cement would it take to make 
a 114-inch pipe, and how deep should it 
be in the ground to keep the water cool 
in Summer? I think the water would 
be cooler run through a cement pipe than 
iron would be. Am I right? M. L. s. 
Zepp, Va. 
I would not recommend a ram unless 
you have at least 10 gallons of water 
per minute to supply the drive pipe, and 
you could not expect over two quarts per 
minute through the discharge pipe where 
the water has to he forced 75 feet ver¬ 
tically through 450 feet of pipe. Too 
small a ram would be useless in this 
place. The installing of a small pump¬ 
ing gasoline engine would be preferable 
to using a ram unless the required 
amount of water is available. The use 
of cement pii>e could not be recommended 
in the place referred to. as the pressure 
at the>foot of the hill would be 32 pounds ' 
to the square inch, and you cannot keep i 
lung distances of cement pipe from crack¬ 
ing. The most approved method of keep¬ 
ing water cool in pipes is to wrap the 
iron pipe with dampened asbestos paper, 
allowing it to dry down on the pipes. The 
ditch should be at least 3H4 feet deep if 
the land slopes to the south. G. w. 
Fall Seeding of Old Pasture, 
I have an old pasture wh : ch I wish 
to seed. The soil has been well harrowed 
and pulverized. What seed would yon - 
suggest my putting in this Fall, and how 
should I go about it in order to bring the 
land back to a fertile condition? Should 
I plant a cover crop, and if so, what 
should it be? IIow should I fertilize? 
Woonsocket, R. I. l. m. c. 
It is too late now to seed this Fall or to 
sow any cover crop in Rhode Island. We 
would not advise re-seeding an old past¬ 
ure until it has been thoroughly worked 
up so as to destroy the old sod. Corn is 
a good crop for such land. In this case 
we should plow at once, let the land be 
in rough furrows over Winter and in 
Spring fit and plant corn. Seeding a 
year hence will be far more satisfactory. 
A Poultry Dog. —I see inquiry as to 
a dog for the poultry yard. I have a 
Boston bull that fills the bill for me. I 
got him when a puppy and brought him 
up with the chickens and I have no 
rats or “varmints” of any kind bother¬ 
ing my poultry—even the two-legged kind. 
I. N. B. 
CLOTHCRAFT 
You Feel Right In 
Clothcraft Clothes 
Y OU’RE at ease, proud of the fit, the 
style and “set” of your clothes, if 
you wear Clothcraft. 
You can’t get a just idea of Clothcraft frcm 
pictures, but the drawing and photograph (same 
man .same overcoat) suggest how one Clothcraft 
model looks. Prove the case at any Clothcraft 
Store. 
Satisfaction is built into the clothes by Cloth¬ 
craft Scientific Tailoring. That means the 
quality-improving, cost-reducing methods 
evolved by 67 years of making ready-for- 
service clothes. 
Clothcraf t Clothes are the only line at $10 to 
$25, in which ali-wool, first-class workmanship, 
satisfactory wear and service are definitely 
guaranteed to you. 
Write us for an introduction to the Cloth¬ 
craft Store. We'll also send the new Style Book 
and tel 1 you about No. 4130 Blue Serge Special — 
the best all-round suit we can make at $18.50. 
THE JOSEPH & FEISS COMPANY 
Founded. 1846. Oldest A merican Makers 
of Men's Clothes. 
635 St. Clair Avenue, N. V/, VlGV Bl gnd 
Vaseline 
REG. U. S. PAT. OFF. 
Cold 
Cream 
15c. post-paid 
Thoroughly cleanses the pores of the skin and keeps it 
healthy. Relieves irritation and roughness. 
A perfectly pure, safe cream for constant use—for children 
or grown-ups. 
lust one of the famous ‘‘Vaseline” preparations, which 
are needed for the little daily ills and accidents in every home. 
If your druggist cannot supply you, write direct. 
35 State Street 
Chesebrough Manufacturing Company 
Interesting booklet on 
recjuest 
(CousoliUuted.) 
New York 
By ParcelPost Prepaid $2^2 
Six Cut Glass Sherberts^ 
You cun serve Fruit Salads, Des¬ 
serts or Preserved Fruits in these 
dainty cut glass disites. No lunch¬ 
eon or dinner complete without 
them. They are absolutely guar¬ 
anteed cut glass Money back if 
not pleased. Order direct from 
this advertisement. 
We are not even going to the expense of printed 
matter. All unnecessary expense is saved for you 
in buying direct from our factory. 
Order now for Christmas. Address Dept. B. 
Oriental Cut Glass Co., 6 So. Division St., Buffalo, N. Y. 
TjeJj_ Tomorrow’s 
White’s Weather \\J ,1 
Prophet forecasts VV PDlhPI 
the weather 8 to *" 
— 24 hours in advance. Not a toy bn 
- a scientifically constructed instru 
ment, working automatically, am 
made doubly interesting by th< 
little figures of the German peasan 
and his good Frau who come in am 
__ out to tell you what the weather wil 
Special .. be - Handsome, ornamental. 
Prirvfn r eIl , abIe and everlasting. Size 6K by 7M 
rnceio inches. L ully guaranteed. Ideal as 
Agents gifts. Sent postpaid to any address for 
David White, Dept. 12. 419 E.WaterSf., Milwaukee, W 
When stubborn burnt-on 
crusts and grease are hard 
to remove try Old Dutch 
Cleanser. 
It quickly and easily 
Loosens and Removes 
the Hardest Deposits 
Everything that ordinari¬ 
ly requires hard rubbing, 
quickly gives way to its 
extra cleaning powers. 
Many other uses and Directions 
on Large Sifter Can — 10c 
Don’t Be Without It 
EVERYTHING 
