1913. 
1303 
Ruralisms 
Starting Seedling Walnuts. 
Will you tell how to start native wal¬ 
nuts? Must they be planted out of doors 
this Fall, or in boxes inside? Plow old 
must they be before bearing? I planted 
some horse chestnuts in a pot with other 
things three years ago, and have fine 
little trees. Can walnuts be managed in 
the same way? j. v. s. 
Connecticut. 
It is not a difficult thing to grow seed¬ 
lings from our native walnuts, provided 
they have not been dried out. They natu¬ 
rally fall on the ground and lie there all 
Winter, and the rains keep them damp 
inside their natural covering or hulls, but 
if hulled and put away, as they usually 
are for eating, there is little chance of 
their growing the following Spring. The 
nuts should be gathered soon after falling, 
or at least before they have really dried, 
and put where they will keep moist; or 
they may be planted where the trees are 
to stand, or in nursery rows, that the 
seedlings may be transplanted at some 
later time. In either case they should 
be about two or three inches under the 
surface of the soil, and if a light mulch 
of some kind is put over all it would be 
still better. Good cultivation should fol¬ 
low or the mulch kept on to maintain a 
vigorous growth. h. e. van deman. 
Transplanting Seedling Pecans. 
How should I take up and transplant 
a lot of seedling pecan trees that are 
standing in the nursery rows where the 
nuts were planted six or seven years ago? 
The trees are 10 to 15 feet high and from 
one to five inches in diameter. Is it es¬ 
sential to save the roots very long? 
Would ji tap-root 2feet long be better 
than 15 or 18 inches? Should they be 
topped and pruned back somewhat like a 
fruit tree? Would setting in December 
be better than March? s. r. c. 
Mount Berry, Ga. 
Pecan trees that are seven years old 
should be quite large and rather difficult 
to transplant, although it can be done 
successfully even at that age, and I know 
from having tried it. The roots should be 
preserved to a depth of three or more feet 
and the laterals about the same length. 
The tops should be cut back very severe¬ 
ly, leaving mere stubs of the branches. 
The holes to receive the roots should be 
about four feet deep and fully six feet 
wide. The earth should be tramped and 
pounded as firmly as possible between and 
over them, and a mulch of coarse trash 
placed on top to keep the soil always 
moist. H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Selling Christmas Trees. 
Every year at this time people begin 
to talk about the $1,500,000 which they 
say New York spends for Christmas trees. 
New England trees cannot be sent into 
New York on account of the danger of 
spreading injurious insects. As the de¬ 
man for these trees is sure to increase it 
would seem that New York and New 
Jersey farmers have a good chance to 
make some money. The New York State 
College of Forestry, among other things, 
says : 
The approach of the annual Christmas 
season with its demand for Christmas 
trees and Christmas greens will call forth 
the usual protest against the cutting of 
so many young, immature trees from 
those who are over-enthusiastic in their 
support of conservation. It is estimated 
that New York spent last year over $1,- 
■ '00.0(H) for Christmas trees and Christ¬ 
mas greens. The use of Christmas trees 
promises to continue and increase, and 
everyone who really remembers their 
childhood wants the present and future 
generations of children to use the Christ¬ 
mas tree ever increasingly. With the cut¬ 
ting off of the source of supply in New 
England there will be a general turning 
to the cutting of Christmas trees in north¬ 
ern New York. 
Where the forest is under rational 
methods of management the Christmas 
tree is a legitimate by-product in the de¬ 
velopment of the forest. Whether the 
forest is planted or starts naturally from 
seed there will usually be many more 
trees on the ground than soil and moist¬ 
ure conditions and the proper develop¬ 
ment of the trees justify. If the small 
trees which are crowding others of great¬ 
er value are not removed nature will do 
it, and that in a less effective way than 
if the small trees are removed as a thin¬ 
ning from the developing forest. Trees 
six feet, high and two inches in diameter 
■it the butt are most in demand, although 
larger sizes are frequently sold at good 
prices. The Christmas tree, provided it 
is properly cut, is a preliminary crop 
irom the forest which should be taken out 
<m the same principle as vegetable crops 
are thinned. The production of Christ¬ 
inas trees promises to become a very large 
industry in the State. Already dealers 
THE RURAL NEW-VORKER 
are becoming alarmed about the current 
year’s supply, and unless there are suffi¬ 
cient trees taken from the forests of 
northern New York the market price will 
be prohibitive for the ordinary consumer. 
The balsam fir makes the best Christ¬ 
mas tree because of its regular form and 
beautiful dark-green foliage. Spruce is 
used also, but is not as attractive in form 
and color as the balsam. Hemlock, pine 
and the cedars are used occasionally, but 
are not considered equal to either the fir 
or spruce. 
Grafting Quinces. 
I have a small quince orchard—four- 
year-old trees of the common Orange va¬ 
riety. My neighbor has seven trees of the 
same variety, all bearing. These seven 
trees are all growing under the same con¬ 
ditions of soil and care, but the fruit 
borne by one is noticeably larger and 
finer than that borne by the others. If I 
should procure scions from this tree and 
graft them upon my trees, at a point 12 
to 15 inches above the ground, would I 
be reasonably certain of getting fruit 
equal to that of the tree from which the 
grafts were taken, assuming that the 
conditions of soil and care were the same? 
Auburn, N. Y. m. v. a. 
It may be that there has been some 
kind of manure in the soil about the roots 
of the tree that bears so much better than 
the rest. If so this would account for the 
unusual size and character of its fruit. 
There is, probably, something of this kind 
stimulating the tree, but it may be that 
this particular tree is of another variety 
that flourishes better than the others. If 
the latter is the case it might be well to 
graft the trees bearing the poorer fruit 
with scions from the one bearing the bet¬ 
ter, but this is doubtful.ti. E. van deman. 
Limestone and Weeds, 
I am very much interested in all the 
articles in The R. N.-Y. regarding fertil¬ 
ity of the soil. I note in the July 5 issue 
that Mr. Repp is using ground limestone 
extensively in his pear orchard with good 
results. I have a small ranch of six 
acres, mostly in fruit, pears, prunes, ap¬ 
ples and cherries. Soil is quite sandy. 
It is difficult to get any barnyard manure. 
Would it pay to apply one or two tons of 
ground limestone on the soil for small 
fruit at $7.75 per ton? Only a few rods 
to haul. j. b. 
Langley, Wash. 
Yes, it would probably pay, but you 
must remember that for some years Mr. 
Repp used large quantities of chemical 
fertilizers. After cultivation the weeds 
grow, and utilize this fertilizer, and hold 
it so that little is lost. The following 
Spring this weed growth, containing the 
plant growth, is plowed under. The lime 
helps to break up this weed growth and 
set the plant food free. There is not 
much loss from such an orchard in the 
fruit taken from it, and with this sys¬ 
tem of growing weeds the soil loses but 
little. Do not make the mistake of sup¬ 
posing that the lime supplies the needed 
fertility in Mr. Repp’s orchard. It helps 
keep the soil in order and helps make the 
fertilizer now in the soil available. It is 
the heavy fertilizing in previous years 
that makes this lime and weeds plan pos¬ 
sible. The price for this ground lime¬ 
stone is too high for the short haul. In 
other sections it would not be over $2.50 
per ton for the best. 
Bayberry Wax. 
Can you tell me how the wax was ex¬ 
tracted from the bayberries, from which 
the “old time bayberry” caudles were 
made? a. b. p. 
Woodmere, N. Y. 
Bayberry wax is obtained by putting 
a quantity of the berries, just as they 
are gathered, but with as few leaves and 
twigs as possible, in a kettle, covering 
with water and boiling till the wax forms 
a skin on the surface. If this is removed 
and the mass of berries pressed, a little 
more wax will be obtained, but prolonged 
boiling will get it all anyway. The yield 
is small at best, but the high market 
price is said to be largely due to the 
fact that the one or two parties who 
produce and also buy the small lots of 
others who make it take good care never 
to overstock the market, since there is 
but a limited fancy demand. It is doubt¬ 
ful if it could ever be produced to com¬ 
pete with carnauba wax. Japan wax or 
Ghinese wood wax, to which it has some 
resemblance. If you try to look this 
wax up in the literature, do not confuse 
it with the bayberry wax from Laurus 
nobilis, a wholly different plant and pro¬ 
duct, but look for myrtle wax. If you 
have plenty of cheap labor, it may pay 
you to produce this wax in quantity, as 
a starter you will get quite a little fun 
and enough wax for a small candle out of 
10 pounds of the berries. f. d. c. 
The Telephone Doors 
of the 
TV7HEN you lift the Bell Tele- 
* ’ phone receiver from the hook, 
the doors of the nation open for you. 
Wherever you may be, a multitude 
is within reach of your voice. As 
easily as you talk across the room, 
you can send your thoughts and 
words, through the open doors of Bell 
Service, into near-by and far-off states 
and communities. 
At any hour of the day or night, 
you can talk instantly, directly 
with whom you choose, one mile, 
or a hundred, or two thousand 
miles away. 
Nation 
This is possible because 7,500,000 
telephones, in every part of our 
country, are connected and work to¬ 
gether in the Bell System to promote 
the interests of the people within 
the community and beyond its limits. 
It is the duty of the Bell System to 
make its service universal, giving to 
everyone the same privilege of talking 
anywhere at any time. 
Because as the facilities for direct 
communication are extended, the 
people of our country are drawn 
closer together, and national welfare 
and contentment are promoted. 
American Telephone and Telegraph Company 
And Associated Companies 
One Policy 
One System 
Universal Service 
-Save \4 On Feed—! 
Practical farmers and stock raisers know the 
value of the corn ground with the cob. 
Fatten your stock quicker and at less cost 
by using the 
hew o/hiland 
Feed IVlill 
It grinds cob corn, shelled grain and table 
meal perfectly. Grinds easily and quickb 
Will last many years. An examination J 
will prove to you its many superior 
qualities. Real money-mak¬ 
ers for the farmer. Write for 
low prices and free trial 
offer. 
NEW HOLLAND MACHINE CO. 
Box 41, New Holland, Pa. 
Silent Feed Grinding 
.Com. grain or alfalfa, the Letz 
grinds them all swift and silently .with- 
^7 out c 1 '°KK m g- Perfectly smooth cutting sur- 
I race makes feed grinding noiseless and pleasant. 
T Sharpening 
Silent Bunr 0 
Feed MHl 
Try it 10 
days free ___ . 
on your feed, at your 
farm. Give H. P. of 
. your engine when 
you write for 
details. _ 
Le-tz Mfg.Co. 
213 East Road 
Crown Point, Ind« 
New Scientific No. 20 Mill 
Heavy steel legs and steel 
hopper. Most efficient 
and strongest small 
power mill ever built. 
Will grind cob corn, 
shelled corn, oats and 
all other small grains to 
any desired grade, from 
hominy feed to meal. 
Fully Guaranteed 
Iquipped with flywheel, 
aid rolled steel shaft, 
end thrust ball bearing 
and 8-inch high carbon 
grinding plates, i* 
Two sets of plates fur- 
. , . , . . nished with each mill. 
Adapted for use in any locality. We stand back of 
every claim we make for it. Write for descriptive catalog. 
THE BAUER BROS. CO., Box 513 Springfield. Ohio 
BOWSHER MILLS • 
(Sold with or without Elevator.) 
For Every Variety of Work. 
Have conical shaped grinders. Different | 
from ail others. Handiest to operate and ' 
LIGHTEST RUNNINC. 
7 .Izs. —3 to 35 horse power. One style for I 
windwheel use. (Also make Sweep Crind* 1 
era—Cearod and Plata. 
P. R. BOWSHER CO., South Bend, Ind. 
HANDY BINDER 
Just the thing 
for preserv¬ 
ing files of 
The Rural New Yorker. Durable and 
cheap. Sent postpaid for 25 cents. 
The Rural New-Yorker, 333 West 30th St., N. Y. 
E. C. Culbreatli, Johnston. S. C., does it. Thousands of 
others doing it. Why not you I Pull an aero of 
stomps a day. Double the land value—grow big P 
crops on virgin soil 1 Get a 
—the only all steel, triple power stump puller 
made. More power than a locomotive. 60% 
lighter, iOC% stronger than east Iron puller. 80 IHj 
days’free trial. 3 yearguaranteeto replace, free, 
^•^eastlngs that break fromany cause. Double (HP 
safety ratchets. Free book shows photos rag 
|S. and letters from owners. Special price \s$ 
will Interest you. Write now Address l|g 
Hercules Mfg. Co., 130-2 2d St. Ill 
^_Centerville. Iowa 
Biggest Stumps Pulled 
For 4c Each-In 5 Minutes! 
