1913. 
130 © 
FINDING THE GREATER COWS. 
One of tlie most striking lessons of the 
dairy show recently held in Chicago was 
afforded by a grade cow produced by 
introducing a Guernsey purebred sire 
into a common herd. The cow was the 
first cross of this bull. The animal was 
brought to the show by the United States 
Government along with eight others 
taken from the same neighborhood in 
Wisconsin. It formed the demonstration 
herd, and was composed of two grade Jer¬ 
seys, three grade Short-horns, two grade 
Holsteins, and two grade Guernseys. The 
particular cow that I am writing about 
is one of the most unattractive animals, 
when looked at from a front view, that 
is to be found on any farm these days. 
One of her horns grows straight down, 
the other had been broken at the root and 
is twisted around under the left ear un¬ 
til it forms an almost perfect semi-circle, 
but were one to cut off both horns close 
to the head, the animal would present a 
fairly attractive appearance. The other 
parts of her body had many of the most 
desirable points looked for by a man who 
wants to buy a good cow. There was 
plenty of room for her udder, and other 
qualities depended on to produce a pay¬ 
ing product were in evidence. This 
crooked-horned animal in seven days 
produced nearly 20.5 per cent of the pro¬ 
duct of the entire herd. 
Here 
is what 
each cow produced in fat credited at 
the 
rate of 33 cents a pound, 
and 
what 
the 
feed of each animal cost 
during seven 
days: 
No. 
1. Produced $2.9S, 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.60. 
Grade Jersey. 
No. 
2. Produced $0.78 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.23. 
Grade Jersey. 
No. 
3. Produced $1.34 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.69. 
Grade Short-horn. 
No. 
4. Produced $1.55 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.60. 
Grade Short-horn. 
No. 
5. Produced $2.64 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.72. 
Grade Short-horn. 
No. 
6. Produced $2.47 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.71. 
Grade Holstein. 
No. 
7. Produced $4.30 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$2.04. 
Grade Holstein. 
No. 
8. Produced $5.01 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.78. 
Grade Guernsey. 
No. 
9. Produced $3.42 
at 
a 
cost 
of 
$1.73. 
Grade Guernsey. 
It is 
thus seen that the nine 
cows pro- 
duced fat to the value of $24.50, and 
the cost of their feed was $15.10, or a 
profit of $9.40 in seven days. The cow 
that produced only 78 cents worth of fat 
in seven days ate up within 55 cents of 
as much food as did the cow that pro¬ 
duced fat worth $5.01 within the same 
time. Three of the cows were fed at a 
loss. 
Five cows, more than one half of the 
herd, produced in the aggregate $8.79 
worth of fat at a cost of $7.95, but the 
crooked-horned Guernsey grade produced 
within $8.55 of as much fat, while her cost 
was $6.17 less than the five. Three cows 
of the herd, one of the Jerseys and two 
of the Short-horns, produced $3.68 worth 
of fat and ate up $4.52 worth of feed, 
while the Guernsey produced $1.33 more 
fat than the three and ate $2.74 less feed. 
These cows were all brought from one 
section in which an entire dairy herd is 
made up of the same class of stock, from 
which it is easy to calculate the immense 
losses of the men who are keeping such 
stock. I must state here that these fig¬ 
ures show the first seven days of the 
test. There were two or three other 
milkings, figures of which were not avail¬ 
able when these were obtained, but it 
is safe to say the same average holds out. 
It is almost needless to say here that 
the experts made the best possible use of 
the figures obtained at this demonstration. 
Seats were built all around the animals 
and these were kept filled while one 
talker after another explained how easy 
it is to find out whether a cow is paying 
for her keep, and how it often occurs that 
the best lookers are little more than 
boarders. The most striking point seemed 
to be in the statement that the best cow 
of the herd had been obtained by simply 
making use of a good sire. j. l. GRAFF. 
Illinois. 
PUREBRED SWINE. 
A purebred animal, as we ordinarily 
use the term, is one that comes from par¬ 
ents that are either registered or eligible 
to registration in the herd book of a 
particular breed. All the breed associa¬ 
tions of repute require that both sire 
and dam meet the above requirements 
before an animal can be recorded. The 
purebred animal is superior to the scrub 
THE RURAL, NEW-YORKER 
in many ways, the most important of 
which is its greater productive capacity 
of growth in pounds for a given time, and 
the prolificacy in size and quality of 
litters produced. Not all purebred ani¬ 
mals are superior to the scrub from the 
standpoint of production, but the majority 
are. Some of our breeds of swine have 
been selected and bred, with this particu¬ 
lar end in view for upwards of a cen¬ 
tury. And the principal breeds are old 
enough to be very prepotent. According 
to the law of ancestral heredity, the 
longer a breed is selected and bred with 
some particular aim in view, the strong¬ 
er the traits, or characteristics become, 
therefore, can there be any doubt as to 
the productive capacity of the purebred 
hog? 
Perhaps the second greatest factor in 
favor of the purebred is the certainty 
that excellence will occur. The sire is 
generally more than half the herd. Most 
breeders pay more heed to the selection 
of the right kind of a herd boar, than the 
selection of the females to breed to them. 
More improvement can be brought about 
by the use of a right kind of a boar than 
in any other way. If you use a boar of 
quality, with understanding, you need 
have no fear of the results. As a breeder 
I am often asked, “Do you advise cross¬ 
breeds, or as termed by some, cross¬ 
breeding?” In answer to this all-import¬ 
ant question, I will state there is abso¬ 
lutely nothing to be gained, but every¬ 
thing to be lost. For instance, I am a 
breeder .of Chester Whites, of blood lines 
extending for a long period of time, which 
well-known breeders, by intelligent selec¬ 
tion and mating have perfected along 
certain lines. It has taken years of per¬ 
sistent labor to obtain the above results, 
but by just one cross of a different type 
and breed, the purity of the blood lines 
is broken. Therefore by this one side 
step a breeder becomes a multiplier of 
swine, instead of a breeder. Therefore 
my advice is whatever breed of swine you 
keep, to maintain and perpetuate it in 
its purity. 
I have many good reasons why I am 
an admirer and breeder of Chester 
Whites. There are two distinct types of 
hogs, the lard type and bacon type. First 
select the breed that meets your fancy, 
then give them good care, wholesome 
food, and sanitary surroundings and they 
will prove a profitable venture. For the 
benefit of the prospective customer, I 
will suggest a few very important things 
to take into consideration when pur¬ 
chasing a foundation herd, or an individ¬ 
ual. First, select the breed you are to 
raise, thus write a reliable breeder, and 
get his advice, or describe what you want 
After years of experience I am safe to 
state that most value from the economi¬ 
cal standpoint is secured by the purchase 
of a bred gilt. The next would be to 
buy an open gilt and a boar not akin, 
both at the age of from four to six 
months; and last pigs at weaning time, 
which should be eight weeks of age, as 
no pig should be taken from its dam, un¬ 
der eight weeks of age. 
New York. euoene t. black. 
Fencing In Goats. 
The article on the milch goat in a re¬ 
cent issue was quite interesting, but I 
wish the writer would let us know, 
whether it is possible to keep the goats 
within fencing, or how high the fence 
has to be, when there is a young orchard 
on the other side? The question is, 
whether it is advisable for the man, who 
is also planting trees to experiment with 
goats in order to clear the brush pasture. 
Further, how good a milk and how much 
will ten goats give when confined in a 
brush pasture? I presume, when some 
grain is fed they won't touch the brush. 
Baltic, Conn. w. b. b. 
A good fence four or five feet high 
will confine goats, these animals climbing 
instead of jumping when they wish to 
get over an obstruction. Kids and some¬ 
times older animals will worm their way 
through a small opening, and fences 
should be tight to restrain them. A good 
goat should yield from one to two quarts 
of milk daily, and a purebred Saanen in 
the possession of the Geneva Experiment 
Station gave 1,845 pounds in one year. 
M. B. D. 
The four-year-old twins, who had no 
playmates of their own age, were delight¬ 
ed when a little girl of three came to visit 
a neighbor. After the three children had 
played together for a time, the twins, 
hand in hand, went to their mother, and 
said, “Mother, where’s the other one ol 
her?’ —Youth Companion. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
Rural New-Yorker and you’ll get a quick 
reply and a “square deal.’’ See guarantee 
editorial page. :::::: 
Pure Feeding Molasses 
We are first hands and can quote you absolutely 
bottom prices, delivered your station, in lots of 
anywhere from one barrel to a trainload. 
THE MEADER-ATLAS CO. 
N. Y. Office, 107 Hudson Stroet, New York City 
SUES 
R egistered Shropshire yearling 
RAMS & EWES—Cheap. F red Van Vleet. Lodi, NY. 
IMPROVE YOUR FLOCK with a good " SHROPSHIRE " or 
* “ SOUTHDOWN ” ram from the NIAGARA STOCK FARM. 
J. ('. DUNCAN. Mgr., - Lewiston, N. Y. 
CHROPSHIRE RAMS FOR SALE—Registered yearlings 
** two-year-olds and lambs from imported sires. 
E. E. STEVENS & SON, - Wilson, N. Y, 
Eureka Stock Farm 
5 Lincoln Buck Lambs, 5 Shropshire Down 
Buck Lambs, ready for service. 50 Registered 
Chester White Pigs. Write for Circular- 
Edward Walter, West Chester, Chester Co., Penna, 
CATTLE 
THE TOMPKINS CO. BREEDERS' JOURNAL, with »ale-list 
' of pure-bred stock, 25ets- per year. Copy free, 
we have some very good offers in Holstein and Jer¬ 
sey cattle, German Coach Horses, Shetland Ponies, 
Southdown ewes and Cheshire gilts. A two-year 
Berkshire hoar, registered, $25.00. TOMPKINS CO. 
BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION, Box B, Trumansburo, N. Y, 
If You Want Guernseys 
GUERNSEY BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION, Box 9G, Peekskill.N. Y. 
BUY GUERNSEYS 
BECAUSE 
At the only impartial test where all breeds 
were represented the 
fiiiFRNSFY ranked highest, returning $1.67 
i f or every dollar invested in food, 
ECONOMICAL PRODUCTION 
of the highest grade of DAIRY PRODUCTS is one of 
tire important characteristics of the GUERNSEY. 
Write for free literature. 
The American Guernsey Cattle Club 
BOX Y—PETERBOKO, N. H. 
sfljxLGrade Jersey CowslLJ: HQWflRD 
Freehold, N. Y. 
FOR PRODUCTION- BREEO up - N0T down- 
TUn mUUUUliUn Registered Jersey bull 
calves, only, from producing dams and highest type 
sires. R. F. SHANNON, 603 Renshaw Bldg., Pitfsburgh, Pi. 
JERSEY COWS 
AND HEIFERS 
at unusual prices, as we must 
reduce our herd before Winter. 
ROCKHILL FARM, Glenmont, New York 
U OLITEIN CALVES—Beautifully marked. 3 to 5 weeks 
11 old, $20 each crated. Edaewood Farm, Whitewater. Wis. 
Holslein-Friesian Bull Calves 
offer. THE GATES HOMESTEAD FARM, Chittenanoo, N. Y. 
W ANTED TO BUY—100 GOOD YOUNG COWS-HOLSTEINS. 
AYRSHIRE9 nnd JERSEYS. Must be in good.healthy con¬ 
dition and good size. A. S. Edwards, Box 76, Stepney, Conn. 
Hudson Valley Holstein Headquarters 
Registered and Grades. 1 hour from New York 
MOHEGAN FARM, Mohegan Lake, FeekSiuf nTwY ork 
Buy a Bull on Easy Terms 
Long Time and 4 Per Cent Interest 
Holstein bull calves, sired by a SON OF KING 
FONTIACS, whose dam has a record 
of 29.57 lbs. butter In 7 days and 113.96 lbs in 30 
days, and out of A. R, O. DAMS. WRITE AT 
ONCE for breeding, prices, and particulars re¬ 
garding onr terms. 
JUSTAMERE FARM, Middletown Springs, Vt. 
East RiverGradeHolsteins 
FOR SALE 
100 HEIFERS—1 and 2 years old; sired by fnll- 
__ b «lls; dams are high-grade Holsteim. 
,o CO WS—due to calve this Fall. Large, heavy 
milkers. 
S F„9,V>V OIn0 an< lsee them milked. 
10 REGISTERED HULLS—Alio grade bnlli. 
■« pgV ». f. s . ■'" IIN B -«Sgy 5; t. 
150 HIGH GRADE 
HOLSTEIN COWS 
Large, fine individuals, nicely marked and 
heavy producers, due to freshen in August, 
September and October. 100 two-year-old 
heifers, sired by registered Holstein bulls 
and from grade eows with large milk records. 
f. p. Saunders & son, c«rtiand, n. y. 
Horses and Mulei 
50 STALLIONS 
•nd MARES. $250 to $1000 M eh 
Write for my Illustrated 
Circular telling why I can save 
you money on the purchase of a Ptr- 
cheron or Belgian Stallion or Mare. 
A.W. Green, Middlefield, O. 
R. R. Sta., E. Orwell, on Penna, Ry 
Midway between Ashtabula &Warren 
Kentucky Jack & Percheron Farms 
Mammoth jaeki, Parcheron stallions, marei and 
saddlers. Special prices in car load lots. Catalogs 
ready November 15th. COOK & BROWN, Lexiagtaa, Ky 
Dogs »ndL Ferreta j 
COLLIE PUPS 
-Natural drivers. Also English 
Bloodhounds, Nelsen’s, Grave City,Pa. 
AIREDALE TERRIERS—I still hare a few 
pups to sell—very bright and fine-looking doge. 
Will sell cheap if sold atonce. AH. Penny, Mittitntk.N.T 
ftahhSf flora® -s ' x nionths. $5 «a 
ndonii uogs CHflS Joseph. Townsaad, 
Dal. 
Purebred Registered 
HOLSTEIN 
CATTLE 
In the production of milk and butter the 
larger the cow the larger the profit, other 
things being equal. This principle has been 
established through the investigations of gov- 
eminent experts and is generally recognized. 
When a cow’s milking days are over, size is 
still an important factor. The big Holstein- 
Friesian, weighing anywhere from 1.000 to 
1,800 pounds with her clean white fat well 
distributed through her muscular system, 
proves a most profitable dairy beef animal. 
Send for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklets 
Hoistein-Friesian flsso., r. l. Houghton, ite'y 
Box 105 Bruftleboro, Vt. 
3 Females and 1 Male-Foxhounds 
JOHN WHITTLE, Myttfe, Coat! 
Females, $5; male, $10. 
sal E-Bird Dogs-Irish Setters 
Prices right. FLOYD OWEN, R. 0. 2, Newburgh, New Yarli 
28-C0LLIES-28 
From 4 to 9 months old. Write today and 
get a dog at farmers’ prices. I also have 
a few brood bitches to spare at half their 
value. Full pedigree with each dog. 
Getmore Collie Kennel, P. T. Kelly, Ithaca, N. Y. 
FFRRFT^ fnr Q 9 Ip-Catalogue free. C. 0. MURRAY, 
rcnncio lUI OdlB r, p, No . 2 . New L.ndon, Ohio 
Fprrptl fnr Salp-Eithef color or sex, any liia.ain 
I Cl I CIO IUI OQIG gleg, mated pairs and dozen lot*. 
Catalogue free. C. H. KEEFER & CO.. Greenwich, Sh» 
SWIKTE 
J 
Durnr * 15 P* r P* ir - 7 t0 18 weeks. 
Lfuroc rigs 8 . A . WEEKS, De Graft, o. 
Jersf»v Large « erowthy pile, 10 weeka 
u eruey neas 0 id, l6 each- 01der stoek M eor . 
responding low prices. E. L. ALBERTSON. Hape, N, J 
GHESHIRES 
—The pig that pleases the 
butcher and his customer; 
the one for yon tc grow 
Mo .inaside Farm, Sytvania, Pi. 
X. C. Wliltes 
Registered stock of superior quality. All plga will 
be registered in purchaser’s name free. Sows and 
Boars for Spring breeding. Also hardy Whit# Hol¬ 
land Turkeys. WAYSIDE FARM, Chatham, H. J. Address. 
A. L. PAGE, (owner), S2 Cortlandt St.. New Verb thy 
P|/!C—$5 each. Berkshire-Chester White 
■ Shaw cross. CLARK FARM. Baontoo, New Jersey 
DEGISTERED BERKSHIRES—Large, heavy-boned antes 
11 growers, none better. Spring Boars and GUIs at 
farmers’ prices, Ira Kellar, Prospect. Ohio 
Springbank Berkshire Herd 
BIG BERKSHIRES I have bred more high 
class hogs than any breeder in Connecticut. Wat¬ 
son’s Masterpiece No. 123931 at head of herd. Noth¬ 
ing for sale bnt March and April pigs at present. 
J. E. WATSON, Prop., Marbled ale, Ct. 
For Sale-Berkshire Pigs a m b 0 nthi Ml 
very reasonable in price. Among them Is the Second 
Prize Female and the Second Prize Male Pig at the 
New York State Fair. Also young pigs of both sexes, 
six weeks old, $7.00 each. Sire and Dam both 
have been Prizewinners at the New York State 
Fair. WARNER STOCK FARM, Warner. Onondaga Ca., N. 1, 
Large Berkshires at Highwood 
Sired by the largest boars of the breed (eight 
mature boars in herd) out of mammoth, prolifle 
dams (ninety-five brood sows in herd.) Seventy 
selected sows and fifty high-class service boars 
(some of them ahow animals) for sale at reason¬ 
able prices. Visitors always welcome. 
H. C & H. B. HAKPENDING, Dundee, N. Y. 
If you want the best hog 
Write us. Our farms ere devoted exclusively to the 
production of Berkshires. Bleeders in the following 
States have been supplied from our great herd N.Y. • 
Penna, ; Dist. Col. ; Md. ; V&. ; X. C.; S. C.: Ge.; La, • 
Ala.; Miss.; Fla.; Tenn.; Ky.; Texas, and Porto Bleo. 
Berkshires for foundation and 
show purposes a specialty. 
THE BLUE RIDGE BERKSHIRE FARMS. Asheville. N. C. 
LEVIN 
'T'HE best Primer. Outs ^-inch 
A dry branch. Quick, clean, ft 
easy cut. We will send it post¬ 
paid for one new yearly subscrip¬ 
tion at $1, or for club of 10 ten- 
week trials at 10 cents each. 
These articles are not given with s sub¬ 
scription to The Rural New-Yorker, but 
are given to the agent as a reward. In 
place of cash, for extending the subscrip¬ 
tion list of The Rural New-Yorker. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, 
333 WEST 30th ST., NEW YORK. 
