1913. 
1321 
THE RURAI> NEW-YORKER 
MEETING OF THE NORTHERN NUT- ' 
GROWERS’ ASSOCIATION. 
On entering the central hall of the 
New National Museum Building at Wash¬ 
ington during “Fruit Week,” Nov. 17 to 
21, perhaps the first exhibit that caught 
the eye was that of tropical fruits by 
Prof. Van Deman, but at almost the 
same moment one became conscious of 
a great outspread of nuts of many kinds 
at the very forefront of all the exhibits. 
The Northern Nut Growers’ Association 
met in conjunction with the American 
Pomological Society, the Eastern Fruit 
Growers and the Society for Horticultural 
Science, Tuesday and Wednesday, Nov. 
IS and 19, being the special days for the 
nut growers. One large table was cov¬ 
ered with an exhibit of pecans under the 
auspices of the National Nut Growers 
Association and was perhaps the largest 
and finest collection of pecans ever ex¬ 
hibited, with the exception of the collec¬ 
tion of the U. S. Government. A few fine 
plates of the pecans of the Indiana type, 
the kind whose range in the North may 
be very widely extended, were shown. 
California sent a good exhibit of almonds, 
Persian walnuts and hazels. Some prom¬ 
ising new Persian walnuts from the North 
were shown. The “Lancaster” grows 
in the Pennsylvania city of that name, 
and is one of the largest and finest look¬ 
ing nuts ever shown at the meetings. If 
this nut bears out its promises it will 
be one of the best nuts ever propagated in 
the North. Trees will be on the market 
in a year or two. Another promising nut 
of smaller size but of good quality and 
good bearing record is one grown in*New- 
buryport, in the extreme northeastern 
corner of Massachusetts. Other Persian 
walnuts wei-e shown in Canada, in Mich¬ 
igan, in New York, about the city of 
Rochester, where there is one grove of 
225 bearing trees from which two-horse 
loads of nuts have been marketed. There 
were a few exhibits of hickorynuts, hazels. 
Black walnuts and butternuts but these 
were not what they should have been. 
People who know of good nuts of any 
kind ought to send them in to these meet¬ 
ings, so that they may become known 
to the people who are propagating, and 
so preserving, valuable types of nuts. 
The papers read included one by the 
chairman, Prof. W. N. Hutt, Horticul¬ 
turist of North Carolina, on “Top-work¬ 
ing Seedling Pecans.” which was a broad 
discussion of general principles in propa¬ 
gating nut trees by budding, an illumin¬ 
ating presentation of the subject that any¬ 
one at all interested in the propagation 
of nut trees needs to be conversant with. 
Prof. M. B. Waite, of the U. S. De¬ 
partment of Agriculture, talked on “Dis¬ 
eases of Nuts and Nut Trees,” making it 
a stimulating lesson on the general prin¬ 
ciples underlying the attacks of these 
enemies of man and his foods. lie showed 
that the climate of the United States west 
of the Rocky Mountains corresponds 
more to that of Europe and the European 
grape, the walnut, almond and hazel 
thrive there, while the climate of the 
eastern United States is more like that 
of China and Japan, and consequently the 
flora of the latter is better adapted to 
our eastern conditions. The peach, com¬ 
ing to us from the East through Europe, 
was never thoroughly adapted to our con¬ 
ditions until we got it directly from 
China. Many applications of these prin¬ 
ciples to nut growing can be made. 
The paper of Dr. Robert T. Morris on 
“Unusual Methods of Propagation of 
Nut Trees,” spoke of success in using for 
grafting wood of the hickory four, five 
and six years old. Dr. Morris has devised 
a method of inarching where he keeps the 
butt end of the scion immersed in water 
in a test tube until union is effected. 
Grafts in full leaf applied in this way 
held their leaves all Summer and had 
apparently made good union with the 
stock. If this method succeeds as prom¬ 
ised it will allow nurserymen at least 
two months of grafting season and they 
will not have to rush their work. The 
shagbark hickory, beech and hazel may 
be propagated by root cuttings kept warm 
and moist in sand. The hazel may be 
propagated by cuttings from shoots. The 
most striking of Dr. Morris’s discoveries, 
and one that may be of great importance, 
is that several species of nut trees will 
develop fertile nuts when the pistillate 
blooms are bagged so as to prevent the 
possibility of fertilization by pollen. An 
entirely new field may thus be opened in 
horticulture through the growing, from 
unfertilized ovules, of trees which present 
intensification of desirable characteristics. 
t The Indiana pecan was discussed by W. 
<'• Reed of Vincennes, the Persian wal¬ 
nut by A. C. Pomeroy, “Insects Injur¬ 
ious to Nuts.” by A. L. Quaintance of 
rm ^ T - S- Department of Agriculture, 
I he present Status of the Chestnut 
,■hght,” by J. Franklin Collins, also of 
the Department of Agriculture, “The Pis- 
tachc in the United States,” bv Walter 
Swingle of the Department, and Prof. J. 
Russell Smith spoke on “Forage Nuts 
and the Chestnuts and Walnuts in Eu¬ 
rope.” 
The sessions were brought to a suc¬ 
cessful close by an illustrated evening 
address on “Nut Culture in the United 
States.” by C. A. Reed, the Government 
specialist in nut culture. Mr. T. P. Lit- 
tlepage of Indiana was re-elected presi¬ 
dent and Mr. W. N. Roper of Petersburg, 
Va., vice-president. Prof. II. E. Van 
Deman was elected an honorary member 
of the association'. After the close of 
the meeting came word of the death of 
Mr. Henry Hales of Ridgewood, N. J., 
the first and only previous honorary mem¬ 
ber of the association. During the meet¬ 
ing word was received of the death of 
H. W. Endicott of Villa Ridge, Ill., who, 
though not a member of the association, 
was held in great esteem by all nut grow¬ 
ers on account of his breeding experi¬ 
ments with chestnuts, and who had, but 
a few days before his death, written to 
the secretary in appreciation of the work 
of the association and forwarded an ex¬ 
hibit of his chestnuts and an account of 
his work. The next meeting will prob¬ 
ably be held in Indiana, w. c. nv vrr vn, 
A NATIONAL VEGETABLE EXCHANGE. 
Part I. 
[The following extracts are taken from 
an article by R. II. Cooper, general man¬ 
ager of the Long Island Potato Exchange. 
It was originally printed in the Produce 
News and then in local papers. We wish 
to have all sides of this marketing prob¬ 
lem discussed. Mr. Cooper first points 
out the difficulty in obtaining direct trade 
with the people in our large cities and 
then advocates the following plan.] 
There should be a National Vegetable 
Exchange organized to regulate prices 
and shipments, which would prevent mar¬ 
kets from becoming glutted and carload 
after carload of produce from going to 
waste, as happens every year. 8top all 
of this waste and you have another step 
toward reducing the cost of living. If 
there is an over-supply of vegetables in 
the country, then they should be kept on 
the farm and used for fertilizer, rather 
than to be shipped into the city yards to 
rot and be carted to the dumps, adding 
more expense to the shipper, receiver and 
consumer, which, in the end goes back 
at the farmer. 
Think of the loss sustained every year 
by the farmer and shipper through* the 
unscrupulous dealers in our produce 
yards, who make it a practice to buy 
heavily on high markets, in order that 
they may turn down the cars upon ar¬ 
rival, on account of a lower market or 
through some pretense or another, and 
then either buy them in again themselves, 
at a great reduction in price, or have 
their pals do it for them. This loss, in 
the end, is borne by the consumer, and 
some form of regulation should be ar¬ 
ranged whereby such dirty dealers, as 
well as crooked shippers, could be held 
m their places and not allowed to ruin 
markets and upset trade in general. 
lhe Long Island Potato Exchange was 
organized in 190S, not to try to control 
the market nor set prices, but to try to 
regulate shipments and prices by working 
in league with the dealers in and around . 
Brooklyn and New York, but, until with- ' 
in the past year or two, met with little 
or no success, simply because the motive 
" as misunderstood and the workings of 
the exchange misrepresented to the trade 
by some of the independent shippers, who 
were trying to feather their own nests at 
the expense of others, and who did not 
have the interest of the farmer nor the 
public at heart. The exchange work on 
Long Island, however, is only a local 
matter and. cannot expect to, nor does it 
intend to try to stop the evils of the 
produce business that are country-wide 
"hat we do need, as stated, before, is a 
National Association, that ought to be or¬ 
ganized in New York City, and from there 
to other cities, which would have a con¬ 
trolling influence over the farmer, the 
shipper, the broker and the receiver. 
V,. e hav , e wel1 organized exchanges con¬ 
trolling the marketing of wheat, oats, 
corn and other grains, as well as cotton, 
oil, etc., \\ liich settle their differences by 
a board of adjusters. V hat is to prevent 
an exchange being organized to control 
the marketing of the four staple vegeta¬ 
bles : Potatoes, cabbage, onions and tur¬ 
nips, under one head? Stop to consider 
what a grand thing it would be for all 
concerned who are trying to do an lion- 
est business. In the next issue this plan : 
will be outlined. 
I he Ocean Crop. —Our readers may 
be interested in knowing something about 
the sea crop for the past season. Bv the 
sea crop we mean the fishing along the 
Atlantic Coast. Thousands of people who 
never saw' the ocean depend for their 
food partly upon salt fish, such as cod¬ 
fish or mackerel. This food is now sent I 
all over the world, and is freely eaten 
everywhere. Salt mackerel is a staple 
article of food, and a short crop would 
be felt as a short crop of apples or pota¬ 
toes. There has just been a record- 
breaking catch of mackerel off the coast 
of Nova Scotia. This fish has the in¬ 
stinct to travel again the wind; that is, 
in case of a heavy storm the fish travel 
in large bodies or schools in the opposite 
direction from which the wind is blow¬ 
ing. The weather off the coast of Nova 
Scotia has been peculiar this year, largely 
blowing off shore. The mackerel as usual 
swam against it when moving south at 
the approach of Winter. The result was 
that they ran close in shore, filling all 
the bays and coves as never before. The 
fishermen got after them with remarkable 
results. One fisherman working with two 
nets took in a thousand barrels; at one 
point alone 15.000 mackerel were caught 
Halifax Bay alone yielded 100.000. This 
heavy catch will probably not affect the 
price, for along the coast of Norway the 
fishing has been pool'. 
After 24 Hours 
in Ice — 
Your jeweler will remove a South Bend Watch from its 
frigid resting place, and it’ll be ticking off the seconds 
with the same precision as when it went in. Will any 
watch you know stand such a test? 
“SejahBend 
99 
You demand perfection in your 
harvester, your cream separator, 
your farm engine. 
See that you get as good value 
in the watch you buy. Be sure 
that it will stand the strnessof farm 
conditions, the jarring and shak¬ 
ing that so quickly sends ordinary 
watches to the repair rack. 
The South Bend Watch will. 
First, because it Is adjusted and 
tempered before it leaves the 
factory. 
Second, because the jeweler 
from whom you buy it regulates 
it to suit your personality. A 
watch keeps different time, you 
know, in the pocket of a merchant 
or professional man than in the 
pocket of a farmer or railroad 
man. And you can only get such 
regulation from an expert retail 
jeweler. That is why South 
Bend Watches are never sold by 
mail. 
South Bend Watches are hand¬ 
some in appearance, too. Mod¬ 
ern, graceful, thin watches—the 
sort of watch you rejoice in show¬ 
ing to your friends. Ask your 
jeweler to show you the new South 
Bend “double-roller”movement.a 
marvel of mechanical ingenuity. 
And don’t forget to write for our 
booklet,“How and Where to Select 
a Good Watch.” It’s full of watch 
pointers you ought to know. 
THE SOUTH BEND WATCH CO.,12 Rowley st.,South Bend, Ind. 
(199) 
cant 1 
rocks 
Those limestone rocks 
on your land—when crush¬ 
ed in a Wheeling Forced 
Feed Crusher—become the very 
soil-food your land needs. The 
crushed stone is great for road 
building. Your neighbors will buy it. 
13 Write today for booklet, “Mixing Brains with Farming.” 
We save you 10% to 25% on Engines for all farm purposes 
RY CO. 
Wheeling:. W. Va. 
Make use of them right 
away. A Wheeling Forced 
Feed Crusher requiring only 
S H. P. engine, and costing you 
comparatively little, will pro¬ 
vide a better product at about 
one-sixth the cost of kiln lime. 
WHEELING! 
CRUSH ER I 
"Built Ilk. a. I 
8 Million People 
when buying rubber footwear, ask for “Ball-Band” and do 
not want any other kind. “Ball-Band” Footwear has 
proved its quality. It gives more days' wear 
for dollars invested and is therefore cheapest 
in the long run. 
ALL® BAND 
*lA 
The long wear and fine fit of “Ban-Band” Rubber 
Jlootwear arc not due to any accident. Behind these 
goods are men who know how to make them. 
Book for the Red Ball on “Ball-Band” Rubber Foot- 
j t ? on t ,, 6oods and in many dealers* windows. 
45,000 dealers sell Ball-Band.** If your dealer can*t 
supply you, write us. Write anyway for free illustrated 
booklet describing “Ball-Band” Footwear. 
Mishawaka Woolen Mfg. Co. 
333 Wafer Street Mishawaka, Ind. 
The House That Pays Millions for Quality’' 
