BIOLOGY. (II, A: B, i, a—c.) 
Erkin. 35 
8. Digestive System, Cuvierian organs : — Vacant. 
9. Nerve Systems:—General relations: Gegenbaur (97) p. 710. 
10. Mesodermal tissues (exc. skeletal):—Haemal system derived 
from schizocoel (see a, 8 ); Herouard (126). 
11. Axial organ or Ovoid gland:—Axial organ of Crin. not 
homologous with ovoid gland ; both discussed ; Russo (245). 
12. Genital System :—Origins and homologies of sexual cells, 
and genital cords in all living Classes ; Russo (245). 
b. HOL 0 TH URIO IDE A. 
1. General Anatomy:—Of Cucumaria laevigata ; Ackermann 
(2).—Minute anatomy of Synapta , with original figures ; 
Schneider (255) pp. 665-672.—Various notes on anatomy 
of spp. dredged by ‘ Princesse Alice,’ see list of genera under 
hi, a, ii ; Herouard (127). 
2. Symmetries: —Vacant. 
3. Homologies: —Vacant.—See i, a, 3. 
If. Stereom:—Spicules of analogous form imply similarity of 
environment, variation according to depth (p. 22), not trust¬ 
worthy guides to affinity (p. 36); Herouard (127).—Normal 
spicules of Anhyroderma homologous with abnormal anchor- 
plates of Synapta ; Herouard (125).—Wine-red bodies of 
Trockostoma have little to do with normal spicules, but contain 
phosphoric acid and iron, the latter giving colour ; Moerner 
(206). 
5. Skeletal Anatomy:—Distribution of spicules in body-wall 
of Cucumaria laevigata ; Ackermann (2) p, 721. 
6. Hydrocoel &c.:—Vacant. 
7. Coelom and other bod y-c a v i t i e s:—Urns of Synapta ; Cuenot 
( 52) p. 86. 
8. Digestive System :—Cuvierian organs, histology, criticism of 
Russo (203) Zool. Rec. 1899, previous observations of Barthels 
confirmed ; Barthels (14). 
9. Nervous System and Sense-organs:—Dorsal appendage of 
Psychropotes, structure, origin, function; Herouard (127) p. 29. 
10. Mesodermal tissues (exc. skeletal) :—Structure of body- 
wall (see a, 8) ; Herouard (126). 
11. Axial organ :—Vacant. 
12. Genital System:—of Cucumaria laevigata , which is 6, 
tubules contain £ and $ elements, the latter at first removed 
by phagocytes, so that all gonads are , later on all are $, 
comparison with Mesothuria ; Ackermann (2). 
c. ECHINOIDEA. 
1. General Account: —With special reference to fossils; Woods 
(303) pp. 109-129.—Popular, of fossils, esp. Palaeozoic ; Fritel 
(88). 
2. Symmetries :—Vacant. 
3. Homologies with other Classes: — Diagram of penta- 
merisrn of test, showing interambulacrals and ambulacrals 
joined to the ocular plates near which they arise, thus pro¬ 
ducing a scheme more comparable with Ast. and Blast, than 
does a diagram in which interambulacrals are joined to the 
genital plates ; Seguin (257) figg. 3, 4. 
4- Stereom :—Vacant. 
5. Skeletal Anatomy:—General account with diagrams; 
Fritel (88). — Distinctive characters of test in extinct genera ; 
Payebien (214).—Pedicellariae, account continued (p. 1031), 
