DISTRIBUTION, (ill, A, ii—vi : B, i, ii.) Ecliin. 47 
(ii) Cainozoic. 
a. General:—Japan, Crin., Ast ., and list of Ech .; Japan (137) p. 86.— 
Patagonia, Scutella n. sp.; Philippi (223) p. 15. 
b. Pleistocene :—Plates of Echinus with fresh-water (?) shells in tuff; 
Angelis d’Ossat (10). 
San Pedro series, S. California, Strongylocentrotus , Echinarachnius; 
Arnold (13) pp. 126, 130, 134, 136. 
c. Pleiocene : — Near Viterbo, Galeodea, Hemiaster, Schizaster ; de 
Stefani (67) p. 26. 
Upper Cannizzaro, Dorocidaris ; Scalia (249) p. 2. 
d. Meiocene:—Of Muro, Id. of Mallorca, Clypeaster ; Bofill y Poch 
(24) p. 412.—Of Lebanon and Beyrout, Clypeaster n. sp.; Loiiiol (176) 
p. 28.—?, of Victoria, SigsbeiaC, Hall (118). 
Upper :—Argiles d’Apigne, Echinolampas, Spadangus, Arbacina, Ech- 
inocyamics; Picquenard (224).—Tortonian,—Molasse de Cucuron 
(Vaucluse), Schizaster , Echinolampas , Scutella, Psammechinus , Ellips- 
echinus -, Deydier (68) p. 326: of Herault, Echinometra first fossil 
sp. known, Amphiope, of Gard, Echinolampas ; Loriol (176) pp. 12, 
13, 23 : of Malta, Scutella ; Airaghi (3) p. 377.—Faluns de l 5 Anjou, 
Scutella , Echinolampas, Spatangus, Cassidulus, Arbacia , Cidaris ; 
Lebesconte (164) p. 279.—-Tafna, Algeria, list of Ech., with refer¬ 
ences; Gentil (100) p. 349. 
Middle :—Helvetian,—near Cucuron (Vaucluse) Echinolampas, Scu- 
tella, Amphiope , Psammechinus ; Deydier (68) p. 321: of Herault, 
Scutella n. sp., Amphiope, Brissopsis n. sp., Schizaster ; Loriol (176) 
pp. 17, 21, 24, 26: limestones of Bonaria, S. Bartolomeo, and 
Cagliari, in Sardinia, Cidaris, Leiocidaris , Psammechinus , Diadema , 
Acropeltis , Fibularia , Scutella , Clypeaster with n. spp.; Lovisato 
( 177): Syracuse Limestone, spp. of Clypeaster (p. 24), also lists of 
AcA. in limestones of Iblei, province of Syracuse (passim); PiAGUSA 
(231).—Schlier near Camerino, Hemiaster , Brissopsis, Echinolampas, 
Echinanthus, Cidaris, Linthia, Spatangus , Cleistechinus; Mariani 
( 190) pp. 320-322.—Younger Mediterranean beds,— Cilicia, various 
spp. of Clypeaster, Heteroclypeus, Brissopsis, Schizaster, Sarsella ; 
Schaffer (250): Toula (279) [see also ii, f]: Olah-Rakos, Sieben- 
burgen, Scutella ; Roth v. Telegd (242) p. 99.—Of Tafna, Algeria, 
compiled list of Ech. with references ; Gentil (100) p. 315. 
Lower :—Burdigalian,—near Cucuron (Vaucluse), Echinolampas , 
Clypeaster, Scutella , Spatangus ; Deydier (68) p. 314: of Gard, 
Phaleropygus n. g. (p. 16), Rhabdocidaris , Arbacina n. sp. (pp. 10, 
11); Loriol (176).—Aquitanian of Lot-et-Garonne, Scutella n. sp.; 
Loriol (176) p. 20.—Patagonian beds, Patagonia, Cidaris, Hyp- 
echinus, Toxopneustes , Scutella, Cyrtoma , Schizaster ; Ortmann (212). 
d, e. Oligo-meiocene:—Garda basin, Echinocyamus, Scutella, Clypeaster, 
Echinolampas, Pericosmus, Euspatangus, Spatangus ; Airaghi (3). 
e. Oligocene :—Chiuppano in Vicentin, Scutella ; Patrini (213).— 
Reiter Schichten, Hallthurm, Bavaria, Leiocidaris, Echinolampas !; 
Deninger (66) p. 224. 
Middle :—N. Macedonia, Trachypatagus, Echinolampas , Euspatan¬ 
gus ; Oppenheim (209) p. 276. 
Lower :—Upper Nummulitic of Aquitaine, Euspatangus, Scutella, 
Clypeaster-, Douville (71) p. 31. 
e, f. Oligocene and Eocene :—Catalogue raisonnee of Ech. and Grin. 
Venetia and the Trentino, for spp. see under Cidaris, Rhabdocidaris 
