BIOLOGY. Prot. 49 
nuclear changes generally, in Adelea , Siedlecki (359a), Coccidium , Schau- 
dinn (334), and Plasmodium , id. (336). 
Gray (144a) has been able to make out two polar-bodies in nearly every 
case in the malarial parasite. 
Nuclear division and mitosis in Polytoma uvella , Prowazek (306). —The 
blepharoplast and associated structures in Polytoma [see n, a, 2] said 
to be protoplasmic differentiations, and not comparable to a centrosome. 
The zoospores are thought to be the ancestors of spermatozoa, in which 
similar structures have been described, and the author opines that the 
spermatozoon centrosome does not play the role assigned to it, Dangeard 
( 81 ). 
In nuclear division in Trepomonas agilis , each resulting “individual” 
receives two nuclear elements of different origin, which become the nuclei 
of the double cell, Dangeard (80). 
Bradford & Primmer (40) term the debated body in Trypanosoma, 
“micronucleus,” since it fuses with the corresponding one of another 
organism in “conjugation,” and they have seen it apparently given off 
from the “ macronucleus ”; they admit, however, that the fact of its 
dividing before the latter in longitudinal division favours its centrosomic 
nature. 
In longitudinal fission of Trypanosoma remaki and Trypanoplasma borreli, 
the nucleus divides directly and amitotically ; discussion of the morpho¬ 
logical significance of the “ Geisselwurzel,” or blepharoplast in Webber’s 
sense, which is held to be a true centrosome, though here a kinetic centre 
for external movements only. Phyletic origin of the centrosome, Laveran 
& Mesnil (196).—-In T. gambiense the centrosome is near the posterior end, 
and intimately connected with the flagellum, Dutton (94a) ; while in T. 
transvaaliense it is always very near the nucleus, an important point in 
favour of its being a “ centrosomic ” body, and a point of distinction from 
T tkeileri , Laveran (190) & (203). 
Nuclear divisions and karyokinesis in the conjugation of Bursaria and 
Stylonichia, Prowazek (300).—Nuclear changes during conjugation in 
Euplotes : different behaviour of “upper” and “lower” parts of the 
macronucleus, Prowazek (302). 
Division of the mega-nucleus in Dendrocometes, is purely amitotic—no 
trace of karyokinesis; in division of the micro-nuclei, however, a distinct 
spindle is formed, but there is no sign of centrospheres or similar bodies, 
Hickson & Wadsworth (158). 
4. Development and life-cycle. 
Life-cycle of Physarum leucophceum ferox, Chrzaszcz (63). 
Cymbalopora is possibly only a life-stage (a sexual form assumed at 
intervals) of the closely allied Discorbina , Earland (95). 
Marked dimorphism in Siphogenerina columellaris , which occurs in a 
rarer micro- and a commoner megalo-spheric form, Silvestri (361). 
Early stages in the life-history of various Gregarines from Tracheates ; 
penetration of the sporozoites in the host-cells and the changes caused 
therein by the growing trophozoites, Leger & Duboscq (218). 
Life-cycle of; Adelea ovata, Siedlecki (359a); Caryotropha mesnilii ,— 
an undoubted case of a Coccidian with polyzoic sporocysts, Siedlecki (358); 
Coccidium schubergi, and Cyclospora curyolytica , Schaudinn (334 & 335) ; 
Isospora lieberkuhni, Laveran & Mesnil (200). 
Smith & Johnson (368) describe “ sporulation ” for Klossiella muris , 
there resulting many “spores” each with several “sporozoites.” [The 
Rec. thinks the authors have mistaken schizogony for sporogony.] 
Oocyst with naked sporozoites of Legerella testicidi , Cu^not (75).— 
The ripe sporozoites of Paracoccidium prevoti are free in the oocyst, the 
early formed sporocysts dissolving up, Laveran & Mesnil (206). 
