94 
FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
The appearance of the disease is first not¬ 
ed by small light brown spots on leaves 
and fruit. On the leaves, as growth 
takes place, these spots become depressed 
on one side and raised on the other, form¬ 
ing wart-like elevations or projections. 
In time the spots become brown or pink- 
isly and sometimes grow together, form¬ 
ing irregular corky masses, which cause 
the leaves to become curled or twisted. 
Wart-like projections or rough, scabby 
patches are formed on the fruits, which 
cause them to become misshapen or un¬ 
sightly in appearance. Minute spores are 
produced in red masses in the infected 
areas, and exude on the surface under 
moist conditions, so as to be scattered 
about by the wind and insects. These 
fall on other new growth, and infection 
takes place. As in cases of Melanose, on¬ 
ly the young and succulent tissue is at¬ 
tacked by the scab fungus. After the new 
growth is sufficiently hardened it is free 
from attack. 
The scab fungus infects the lemon, 
sour orange, and Satsuma severely, and 
causes considerable injury to grapefruit. 
The sweet orange is rarely attacked by 
this disease. 
METHOD OF CONTROL. 
In preventing scab the following points 
should be kept in mind: 
1. Destroy all sour and worthless 
stock. 
2. Spray when necessary. 
3. Prune out scabby growth. 
Sour orange or lemon sprouts that may 
occur in the grove should be destroyed, 
as these are usually badly infected each 
year and are a constant menace to other 
trees, especially grapefruit. All scabby 
fruit should be removed from the grove 
and destroyed. 
In spraying for s^ab, Ammoniacal So¬ 
lution of Copper Carbonate and weak 
Bordeaux Mixture (3-3-50 formula) 
have been found very effective. In case 
of severe attacks^ and where the object 
is merely to protect the fruit, make the 
first spraying just after the petals fall, 
and the second two or three weeks later. 
In order to completely eradicate the 
disease, a more systematic plan of spray¬ 
ing should be followed. The new growth 
coming out in the spring should be spray¬ 
ed shortly after it appears. The first 
spraying should be followed by two or 
three subsequent sprayings at intervals of 
two or three weeks. The new growth 
appearing in the fall should be protected 
in the same manner. One must bear in 
mind the increase of scale insects follow¬ 
ing the application of these fungicides, 
and be prepared to combat the scale. 
DISCUSSION. 
Mr. Wakelin: I would like to ask 
if there is not something else we can 
use besides Bordeaux and ammoniacal 
copper carbonate. If it is necessary to 
use them three times in the season to 
keep down the melanose, we have to fol¬ 
low each application with two applica¬ 
tions for the scale. I never use these fun¬ 
gicides without getting a heavy infesta¬ 
tion of scale, and sometimes two spray¬ 
ings with a scalecide is not sufficient. 
That makes nine sprayings in one season 
to control one disease. That is a pretty 
expensive program. Is there not some¬ 
thing: we can use that will have fungici- 
