96 
FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
in the experiments for stem-end rot, you 
did not get better results with the ammo- 
niacal solution and not such bad results 
from the scale, as when you used the 
Bordeaux ? 
Mr. Stevens: Bordeaux is probably a 
stronger fungicide than the ammonical so¬ 
lution; that is, if you use the 5-5-50 for¬ 
mula. It may be the Bordeaux would 
be more effective in killing out the scale 
fungus. I think Professor Fawcett, in 
his work of spraying for stem-end rot, 
found less scale followed the use of the 
ammonical solution than the use of Bor¬ 
deaux. 
Mr. House: I talked with him about 
that, and he thought perhaps it was be¬ 
cause the ammonical solution is thinner 
and ran down the stem and disinfected 
the stem-end rot. It does not stay on the 
leaves so long, but did its work and got 
off. What I would like to know is 
whether it has the same effect on the 
scale, to do its work and get off, or 
whether it troubles the scale by remain¬ 
ing on. 
Mr. Stevens: It would probably have 
the same effect on the scale. 
Mr.-': I had an interesting ex¬ 
perience with the ammonical copper car¬ 
bonate about four years ago. Half of a 
grove I sprayed with the solution; the 
other half I did not. But in each case 
I gathered all the thrippy fruit from the 
trees, and carried it out of the grove and 
buried it. I saw no bad effect from the 
scale insects following the ammoniacal, 
and I saw just as good results where I 
did not use it for the stem-end rot as 
where I did.' 
Mr. House: We had about the same 
results in our grove. There were no 
good results from the use of Bordeaux, 
only that the scale was worse. 
Professor Rolfs: I notice in our dis¬ 
cussion we are drifting into a little differ¬ 
ent channel. We must remember when 
we are discussing stem-end rot and mela- 
nose, that they are two different diseases. 
Mr. Stevens has told us these two mani¬ 
festations are produced by the same 
fungous agents. 
I11 trying to protect our trees against 
melanose, we must proceed on a different 
plan from the course we would pursue 
in case of stem-end rot. Experiments 
show that stem-end rot cannot be con¬ 
trolled with Bordeaux. The trees spray¬ 
ed with Bordeaux had more stem-end rot 
than those not sprayed. Now, in our 
work, spraying for melanose, the Bor¬ 
deaux Mixture and ammoniacal copper 
carbonate has proved very effective. 
Let us keep these two points clearly in 
mind when we are talking about prevent¬ 
ing melanose. That is one thing. When 
we are talking about stem-end rot, that 
is an entirely different proposition, and 
we must not consider the two together. 
The two diseases or manifestations are 
caused by one and the same agent. If 
we have not a plain and clear solution of 
it as yet, let’s not fret, but consider that 
we are getting so much technical informa¬ 
tion that will help us along the line of 
solving these problems. A large number 
of experiments are being made this year, 
and by another year we hope to get some 
definite results. 
When Professor Fawcett took up his 
experiments in spraying for stem-end rot, 
we were confident that a fungicide would 
