166 
FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 
cation of these principles to public con¬ 
struction or arrangement. Now, this art 
cation of these principles to public con- 
monly under a certain name which is 
more or less misleading. It comes before 
us in the form of campaigns, as “City 
Beautiful:” I object to that phrase. I 
want to have all of the towns and the 
country beautiful. The country has just 
as many elements of beauty as the city, 
and the beauty in the country needs to 
be conserved and developed and utilized 
as much as the beauty of the city. 
Again, any campaign for a city beau¬ 
tiful or a country beautiful, is not suffi¬ 
cient in itself. It must seek, also, for a 
city which is useful, convenient and 
healthful. In fact, it must be practical as 
well as aesthetic. 
The worst idea that ever got abroad 
is one which breaks out when a campaign 
of this kind is begun; namely, that any¬ 
thing that is beautiful, is useless; that if 
we make something beautiful, it is im¬ 
practical with reference to things which 
make for the convenience of the public. 
That is all wrongs because beauty and 
utility can be so easily combined; they 
must go forward hand and hand, and 
unless they do that they will both fail. 
SUMMARY 
Prof. F. A. Waugh, of Massachusetts, 
spoke on landscape gardening, with spe¬ 
cial reference to its applications in public 
works. The lecture was illustrated with 
many lantern slides, without which the 
text is hardly intelligible. However, Pro¬ 
fessor Waugh has summarized the gen¬ 
eral argument of the lecture for this re¬ 
port as follows: 
Civic art may be defined as the im¬ 
provement of all public property in such 
a way as to secure the greatest beauty, to¬ 
gether with the highest utility. In this 
way it is a practical undertaking, as well 
as an attempt for beautification. Cam¬ 
paigns for the country beautiful or the 
city beautiful are wise and should be un¬ 
dertaken where possible; at the same 
time it should be definitely understood 
that the city beautiful or the beautiful 
country is to be also practical, useful, 
convenient, sanitary and prosperous. Any 
improvement which is not thoroughly 
practical should rarely be undertaken 
merely for the sake of beauty. Indeed, 
in most cases the genuine beauty of a 
public work is secured primarily by mak¬ 
ing it substantial and useful. 
The first problem in dealing with any 
town or rural neighborhood is that of ac¬ 
cess. There must be a means of getting 
into the neighborhood of the village. 
These entrances are relatively few and 
can be managed in such a way as tO' ap¬ 
pear attractive. They should have the 
same qualities as the front door of a 
dwelling house; that is, they should be 
visible, obvious, clean, dignified, inviting. 
While everyone recognizes the necessity 
of these qualities for the front door to 
his home, it is rather difficult to have 
them realized in the entrance ways to vil¬ 
lages. The main roadways leading into 
a country neighborhood or to a town 
should be treated according to this prin¬ 
ciple. The main entrance to most towns 
is through the railroad station, and un¬ 
fortunately the usual railroad depot is 
an unattractive place instead of a beau¬ 
tiful, attractive, hospitable front entrance. 
