MORPHOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL. Gen. Sub. 53 
Ciliated and cuticular cells; Studnicka (750).—Fine structure of cuticle, 
etc.; Sukatschoff (753). 
Minute structure of alimentary system, a summary; Oppel (584).— 
Changes in some cells of newt’s stomach during and after activity ; 
Carlier (107).— Comparative study of the islands of Langerhans in the 
pancreas of Vertebrates; Diamare (174 & 175).—Intestinal secretion and 
absorption ; Holler (539).—Comparative study of ducts of gastric glands; 
Monti (543).—Criticism of theory of vesicular secretion; V ignon (795). 
Cup-shaped red-blood corpuscles; Dekhuyzen (162).—Trombocytes of 
Ichthyopsida and Sauropsida; Giglio-Tos (278).—Persistence of nucleus 
in the red blood corpuscles of adult mammals; Negri (565). —Discussion 
of theory of nuclear expulsion in red blood corpuscles ; PxVPPENHEiM (592 
& 593).—Critical notes on Flemming’s “ Fadengeriistlehre”; Arnold (24). 
—Microscopic technique ; Eberth (193), Friedlander (249), Garbini 
(263). 
4. Physiological. 
a. General. 
Theory of metabolism; Allen (13).—Distinction between Infusorians 
and organic particles in their behaviour to induction currents; Birukoff 
(65).—Rhythm in metabolic processes; Botazzi (80).—The mechanism of 
nature; Brooks (89).—Theory of assimilation and reproduction; Giglio- 
Tos (279).—On ions which produce rhythmic contractions of muscle; 
Loeb (465).—Theory of albumen formation ; Loew (470).—Unity of vital 
phenomena; Kassowitz (389).—A contrast between animal and plants, in 
their relations to sodium and potassium; Richet (661).—The struggle for 
carbon; Richet (659).—Osmosis in living matter; Mouton (558).—Senile 
degeneration; Metchnikoff (531).—Evolution of carbon and nitrogen in 
animate nature; Maze (516).—Influence of low temperature on fishes; 
Maurel & Lagriffe (511).—Influence of seasons on metabolism; Maurel 
(510).—What is Life '? The mutual reactions of organic compounds which 
form a stable mantle of cytoplasm as a new environment between them 
and the outer w T orld; Mann (496).—Relation between structure and 
function; Sherrington (723). — Death temperature of certain marine 
organisms; Vernon (791).—Vitality of cells after excision or after death 
of the organism. In higher animals there may be for a time a retention 
of a particular function, such as ciliary action, but assimilation and new- 
formation cease; cell-division seems to come abruptly to a standstill; 
Orth (588).—Effect of chemical and physical agents upon growth; 
Davenport (155).—Artificial protoplasm ; Herrera (336, 337).—Transla¬ 
tion of General Physiology; Verworn (793).—Life and living matter; 
Albrecht (9a). 
b. Particular Functions. 
Criticism of vesicular theory of secretion ; Vignon (795).—Gastric gland 
of Mollusca and Decapod Crustacea; MacMunn (492).—Secretory functions; 
Mathews (508).—Comparative physiology of digestion; Biedermann & 
Moritz (63).—Gastric gland of molluscs secretes a ferment which digests 
starch and cellulose, stores glycogen and fat and calcium phosphate ; the 
intestine does not absorb, only the gland ; Biedermann & Moritz (63). 
—Absorption in vertebrate intestinal cells; Crawley (140).—Microscopic 
Researches on Glycogen; Creighton (141).—Function of the thymus; 
Beard (47).—Significance of the pituitary body; Collina (131).—Physio¬ 
logical import of the coelom; Faussek (219).—Renal functions; Frenkel 
