BIOLOGY. 
(II, B, i, a—f.) 
Echin. 
35 
d. ASTEROIDEA. 
1-4. Vacant. 
5. Skeleton:—Ambulacra compared with Ech. and J fesocystis; 
Sollas (216) p. 706. 
Buccal armature, homologies discussed ; Sollas (216) p. 711. 
Pedicellarise described and figd.; Uexkull (234) p. 354. 
6. Vacant. 
7. Coelom and other Body-cavities :—Body-cavity of Ast. in 
general; Hamaxx (118) pp. 623-625.—Pseudhaemal spaces, 
canal-system of integument, and of body-wall, general account 
concluded ; Ludwig (160). 
8-12. Vacant; but see b, 8. 
e. OP HI UR 01 BE A . 
1 . Vacant. 
2. Symmetries:—Orientation of Eucladia ; Sollas (216) p. 692. 
3 . 4- Vacant. 
5. Skeleton :—Hollow arm-spines of Ophiacantha vivipara and 
other Op/t., systematic and functional importance discussed ; 
Ludwig (157) p. 15.—Pores at inner edge of second ventral 
plate in all spp. of Ophioderma examined, and sometimes also 
at 3rd ventral plate (p. 100), pores in arm of Ophiernus 
(p. Ill); Lutkex & Mortexsex (162).—Arm-structure of 
Eudadidce\ Sollas (216) pp. 693, 696, 699. 
“ Outer mouth-papillee ” Lyman, called “ distal oral tentacle- 
scalesin Amphiuridce and 0phiacanthidoe, also apical “mouth- 
papillae ” Lyman, called “ tooth-papillae ” in Ophiacanthidce ; 
Verrill (244) pp. 3, 4. —Buccal armature of Eucladidce ; 
Sollas (216) pp. 692, 695, 699. 
6-12. Vacant. 
f. CRIXOIDEA . 
1. Vacant. 
2. Symmetries:—Pentamerous and hexamerous ; Sardesox 
( 207) p. 272. 
3 . Vacant. 
4- Skeletal tissue or Stereom :—Crystallography of columnals 
of Bourgueticrinu-s from Senonian of Glons ; Cesaro (54) p. 101. 
5. Skeleton :—General discussion, and terms applied to Bohemian 
Palaeozoic Crin. (pp. 1-9), also detailed study of Scyphocrinus 
(pp. 61-74); Waagex & Jahx (246) pp. 1-9. 
Badials of Camerata (= Cladocrinoidea) not homologous with 
radials of other crinoids (= Pentacrinoidea) and should be 
called ‘costalia’; Jaekel (129) p. 377.—Tetramerism of 
Camerate base is primitive; Jaekel (129) p. 376.—Law of 
AVachsmuth & Springer stated in novel form, pseudomonocyclic 
bases discriminated as ‘ crypto-dicyclic’ with ibb invisible, 
and c ocheto-dicyclic ’ with ibb obsolete, the latter stage being 
more common in later spp.; Bigot (39) p. 68.—Infrabasals in 
some specimens of Uintacrinus socialis , though absent in 
most; Sprixger (220). 
Supposed orals of Camerata not homologous with those of 
Antedon and other Pentacrinoidea (Jkl.) ; Jaekel (129) p. 378. 
—Tegmina of Scyphocrinus ?; Waagex & Jahx (246) p. 119, 
pis. lxiv, xlix, lv. 
Anal plates,—homologies, esp. in Inadunata ; Bather (24) 
pp. 32-44.—Discussed in light of Strophocr .; Sardesox (207) 
p. 270. 
