DISTRIBUTION, (ill, B, iv.) SYSTEMATIC. (iY, A.) Ecltin. 53 
—Middle and Upper Silurian of Mukscha, Dumanov, and Kamenez- 
Podolsk in Podolia, Crotalocr. and Crin. indett.; Venyukov (239) 
p. 94. 
Dolomite of Burnt or Mann Id. in L. Temiscaming, Canada, slabs of 
crinoidal limestone with crowns, referred to Taxocr ., Dendrocr ., 
Thysanocr. ; Ami (12) pp. 292 i, 294 i. 
Upper Trilobite bed of Wen lock Series at Bowning, N.S.W., 
Sturtzaster mitchelli n. sp.; Etheridge (83). 
k. Ordovician :—Spain, list of Echinoderms; Mallada (167) p. 26.— 
Bohemia, Caleidocr. in d 4, cum fragmentt. indett. sub Encrinites et 
Entrochus in d , 1, 2, 4, 5; Waagex & Jahx (246).—China, Yunnan, 
Hemicosmites'l ; Loczy (149) p. 22.—S. Scotland, Cyst., Crin., Ast .; 
Peach (188) pp. 670, 687, 698, 701. 
Caradoc of Shropshire, Paloxaster caractaci n. sp.; Gregory (111) 
p. 344. — Rakeen Shales, = Llandeilo, of Newtown Head, co. 
Waterford, Ireland, Cheirocrinus cf. penniger, Echinosphaera granu- 
lata 1 (p. 723): Tramore Limestone, Stages 3 and 2, = Cystidean 
Limest. of Scandinavia, Tramore Bay, co. Waterford, Echinosphaera , 
Bolboporites, Glyptocystis (p. 732); Reed (194). 
Trenton, Galena series, St. Paul, Minn., Strophocr. dicyclicus n. g. et 
sp., Lichenocr. ; Sardesox (207).—Trenton limestone, Mattawa, 
near Ottawa, Crin. columnals (p. 298 i): Trenton ?, L. Nipissing, 
Crin. and Cyst, fragments (? Palaeocystis) (p. 300 i); Ami (12). 
k. Cambrian:—Spain, list of Echinoderms; Mallada (167) p. 23.— 
Fucoid shales, a band or ironstone in Allt nan Dearcaig near Achna- 
skellack, Ross-shire, Scotland, “ organic remains show structures 
resembling those of echinoderms/’ “not improbable that some...may 
be Cystideans ”; Horxe (123). 
Division lb, Long Id., Nova Scotia, Trochocystis ; Matthew (171) 
p. 128. 
l. Pre-Cambrian :—Etcheminian in Newfoundland and New Bruns¬ 
wick, fragments of Cystideo. also Platysolenites, which the author 
refers to Crin.', Matthew (170) p. 53. 
IV. SYSTEMATIC t. 
(A.)—ECHINODERMA ix Gexeral. 
Echinoderrna divided according to mode of feeding, into Microphagi and 
Megophagi ; the latter into Monorchida , without buccal armature, and 
PentorchidM with buccal armature ; Pentorchida again into HeUcopoda, 
with tube-feet {Ast. and Eck.), and Ophiuroidea , with muscular arms ; 
Sollas (216) p. 715: Lambert in Review points out that many Ech. 
have no more buccal armature than has a Holothurian. 
According to origin of genital rachis, Crin. and Hoi. are Monorchonia , 
while Ech. Ast. Oph. are Pentorchonia , thus differing from Haeckel’s 
conception; Russo (204) p. 292. 
f A dagger prefixed to the trivial name of a species indicates that it is fossil; 
prefixed to the name of the author, it denotes that the reference is to the species in 
a fossil state; prefixed to the name of a genus, it indicates that all species of the 
genus here recorded are fossil, and the f is therefore not repeated before each 
name. The abbreviations l. c. and op. cit. refer only to the place or work quoted 
ivimecliately before. 
A name and reference quoted without further statement [ e.g. Actinopyga mauritiana ; 
Bedford (29)] indicate that the quoted author’s statement refers merely to locality 
or some question of slight importance. Further information can usually be gleaned 
from the cross-references under Titles. 
