54 Echin. 
X L V. ECHINODERMA. 
Edrioasteroidea reinstated as a distinct Class of Echinoderma ; Bather 
(22) p. 917 : called Thecoidea\ Jaekel (130). 
Eleutkerozoa , name extended and defined to incl. Hoi. Ech. J.^. Oph .; 
Bather (22) p. 917. 
HeUcopoda , div. nov. incl. Asteroidea and Echinoidea ; Sollas (216) 
p. 714. 
Megophagi , nom. nov. pro Eleutkerozoa ; Sollas (216) p. 715. 
Microphagi , nom. nov. pro Pelmatozoa ; Sollas (216) p. 715. 
Pelmatozoa defined; Bather (22) p. 919. 
(B.)—HOLOTHURIOIDEA. 
Achlyonice , redefined; Herouard (121) p. 175. 
Actinopyga echinites , colour in spirit (?); Bedford (29) p. 836. A. lecanora , 
podia (p. 149); A. maeulata or ?JL hadra (p. 150): Bedford (28). 
A. mauritiana ; Bedford (29) p.835: podia, colour; Bedford (28) 
p. 149. A. parmda , incl. Mulleria flavocastanea Theel, specimens fr. 
Funafuti descr., spicules figd.; Bedford (29) p. 836, pi. lii. 
Bent/wtkuria funebris, diagnosed; R. Perrier (191) p. 248. 
Chiridota seu Chirodota :— C. intermedia , n. sp., mangrove swamp, 
Funafuti; Bedford (29) P. Zool. Soc. London, 1898, p. 846, pi. liii. 
C. Icevis ; Bidenkap (38) p. 106. C. liberata ; Bedford (29) p. 845. 
C. rigida; Bedford (28) p. 143. C. rotifer a, Bermuda; Clark (56) 
p. 134. C. rufescen-s ; Ludwig (158); Bedford (28) p. 143. 
Cucumaria assimilis , vide Pseudocucumis africana. C. frondosa ; Bidenkap 
( 38) p. 106. C. grubii, breeding period, habitat ; C. planci , breeding 
period, fissiparity, habitat: Lo Bianco (147) p. 475. C. punctata, 
colour and variations; Clark (56) pp. 123, 124, 133. C. syracusana , 
breeding period, habitat; Lo Bianco (147) p. 475. 
Elpidia , redefined, incl. E. glacialis , E. abyssicola, E. echinata ; Herouard 
( 121) p. 174. E. glacialis , evidence for bipolarity; Thompson (230) 
p. 317. E. incerta and E. purpurea, v. sub Peniagone. E. verrucosa, 
v. sub Scotoplanes. E. willemoesi , v. sub Peniagone. 
Elpidiince , revision of genera ; Herouard (121) p. 174, text fig. 4. 
Euapta, vide sub Synapta. 
Eunypniastes , redefined; Herouard (121) p. 175. 
Eup/cronides depressa, evidence for bipolarity ; Thompson (230) p. 317. 
Herpysidia , diagnosed, H. reptans [introduced as n. sp., but see Zool. Rec. 
1898], diagnosed ; R. Perrier (191) p. 247. 
Holothuria abbreviata , Heilprin from Bermuda, is 11. captiva ; Clark 
( 56) p. 125. H. albiventer , does not incl. H. acideata , H. boivensis , or 
H. modesta ; Ludwig (158) p. 558. H. atra ; Ludwig (158) p. 559: 
var. amboinensis , variation in number of stone-canals and Polian 
vesicles; Bedford (28) p. 147 : internal anatomy of 4 specimens 
compared ; Bedford (29) p. 839. H. captiva , Bermuda ; Clark (56) 
pp. 125, 133. H. cinerascens , colour, variations in Polian vesicles, 
stone-canals, and Cuvierian organs; Bedford (28) p. 148. H. decorata , 
colour like H. monacaria, spicules ; Bedford (28) p. 146. H. difficilis, 
measurements, colour in spirit (?) ; Bedford (29) p. 838, pi. lii. 
H. difficilis perhaps allied to Actinopyga parvida ; Bedford (28) 
p. 149. H. edulis ; Bedford (28) p. 147 : incl. H. signata Lampert 
and of Ludwig who described spicules upside-down; Ludwig (158) 
p. 559. H. Jloridana , Heilprin from Bermuda non Pourtales, is 
H. surinamensis ; Clark (56) p. 122. H. forskali, breeding period, 
habitat; Lo Bianco (147) p. 475: Cuvierian organs; Russo (203). 
H. fuscocinerea , var. pervicax , measurements, variation of spicules; 
Bedford (29) p. 837, pi. lii. H. huberti , n. sp., 1 metre, at C. St Elia, 
