the Yeast Plant. 
47 
in the process of budding, one portion of the divided nucleus passes into the 
bud as well as a portion of the vacuole and the metachromatin granules. 
Barker (’02) found in isolated well-developed cells a large, uniformly- 
stained, spherical body which stained very deeply, and was in most cases 
well differentiated from the rest of the cell contents. In haematoxylin 
stained preparations in which the stain was almost washed away, it showed 
occasionally signs of possessing a structure similar to that claimed for it by 
Janssens and Leblanc and Guilliermond. Numerous deeply stained granules 
were also found, chiefly in one vacuole, or sometimes in numerous small 
vacuoles, or distributed through the protoplasm, especially in the neigh¬ 
bourhood of the deeply stainable body. 
According to Feinberg (’02) a mixture of methylene blue and eosin 
differentiates the structure best. The protoplasm stains blue and is homo¬ 
geneous, and the nucleus, which has no regular position in the cell, stains 
red. He states that, in the resting stage, the nucleus is a round compact 
body consisting of chromatin, that it sometimes shows a looser structure in 
which separate granules can be seen, but with no chromatin network. He 
calls it the ‘ Kernpunkt and compares it with the nucleoli of certain 
unicellular organisms such as Amoeba and Sporozoa, in which the nucleus 
consists of a nucleolus containing chromatin surrounded by a clear zone 
which is unstainable. There is, however, no clear area surrounding the 
yeast nucleus, and he suggests that it may be a chromoblast. 
Hirschbruch’s (’02) method of preparation is to dry the yeast on a slide, 
stain in an alkaline solution of fuchsin, then stain in methylene blue and 
allow the yeast to dry, and mount in Canada balsam. Janssens has 
already called attention to this * fixation brutale ’ and the consequent 
deformation of structure which it probably entails. Hirschbruch’s figures 
show a homogeneous red stained body which in some cases is surrounded 
by a clear zone. He disagrees with the interpretation put forward by 
Janssens and Leblanc, as to the nuclear structure of the vacuole and 
granules, and considers that the homogeneous red body must be regarded 
as the nucleus. He states that the clear space which sometimes surrounds 
this nuclear body has no membrane, and cannot be regarded as part of the 
nucleus. He describes a peculiar form of sexuality in which a blue stained 
granule, the male element, combines with the red stained nucleus, but the 
evidence for this is not very convincing. 
Marpmann (’02), after fixing in Rolli’s solution for twenty-four hours, 
staining in Heidenhain’s haematoxylin, and subsequently staining in methy¬ 
lene blue or iodine green, obtains a black or blue-black body, which he 
regards as a nucleus, and a plasma with granules stained by the contrast stain. 
Janssens (’03) believes that the nucleolus is always inside the vacuole 
when the latter is present; its appearance by the side of the vacuole 
he considers is due to the process of fixation. In following the fixation 
