Life-history of Parasitic Fungi. 369 
The species of Cladosporium dealt with in this article has been regarded 
as Cladosporium herbarum ; hitherto it has been customary to regard the 
species occurring on Quercus , Plat anus, Populus , and a few others, as 
Cladosporunn epiphyllum , Nees, and that occurring on the dead remains 
of plants generally as Cladosporium herbarum , Link. It is considered to be 
advisable to include these two hitherto distinct species under one specific 
name, partly because the differences in the nature of the conidia and 
conidiophores are not thought to be sufficiently great to warrant their 
separation as two distinct species, and also because the conidia taken from 
Quercus , or from any of the other species of plants worked with, have 
yielded similar results ; the name of the older form, Cladosporunn herbarum , 
Link, is accepted as the name of the species. 
Previous work on Cladosporium herbarum. 
Cladosporium herbarum has afforded material for the work of several 
authors ; reference will now be made to a few of these. M. Janczewski 
obtained a giant and a dwarf form of Hormodendron from Cladosporium 
herbarum ; the same observer has also obtained an ascigerous stage which 
he has named Sphaerella Tulasnei. M. Laurent obtained Hormodendron 
cladosporioides , Sacc., Dematium pullulans , De Bary, and a Fumago form, 
all being forms of Cladosporium herbarum. M. Berlese, on germinating 
conidia of Cladosporium herbarum taken from a number of species of plants, 
always obtained the form Hormodendron , which he regards as essentially 
the saprophytic form of Cladosporium herbarum. Other observers have 
obtained several other forms. 
In the life-history given above the only other form mentioned is the 
form Hormodendron ; this was the only other form obtained in the cultures 
or observed on the leaves of plants examined, except in one instance 
which will now be mentioned. On germinating conidia of Cladosporium 
taken from the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus in a 2 per cent, solution of 
cane sugar in ‘ hanging-drops ’, there was produced, in addition to the small 
form Hormodendron, a larger conidial form of which the conidia measured 
18 x 8 /x. The conidia were borne in branched chains not only at the apex 
of the conidiophore, but also at other points of its axis. In their method of 
origin, therefore, the conidia of the larger form differed from those of the 
small form which were borne only at the apex of the conidiophore. In 
both the smaller and larger forms, however, the conidia differed somewhat 
from those of the form Hormode7idron occurring on other species of plants, 
in that instead of being elliptical they were nearly circular in shape. 
It must be borne in mind that Eucalyptus globidus is an exotic species, and 
more work is needed to determine whether the species of Cladosporium 
occurring on it is a different species from Cladosporium herbarum. 
B b 
