370 
Bancrojt.—Researches on the 
The work of the authors mentioned above would show that Hormo- 
dendron is a saprophytic form, while the experiments described in this 
article would point to its being a parasitic form. With reference to the 
ascigerous stage, Sphaerella Tidasnei , mentioned above, it may be said that 
there is no record of its occurrence in Britain, and, further, that the life- 
history of Cladosporinm herb arum has been shown to be complete without 
the intervention of an ascigerous stage. 
Cladosporium herb arum has been described by several observers as, 
in certain circumstances, a parasite. Prilleux and Delacroix consider it to 
be parasitic on Apple trees and Raspberry bushes, Cavara on Raspberry, 
Cycads, and other plants, Sorauer on Peas, Lopriore on Wheat, and 
Ritzema Bos on Oats. 
On the whole the work of various authors tends to show that there are 
several races or species included under the name Cladosporium herbarum 
which are separated from each other, not by the characters of conidia, 
conidiophores, or hyphae, but by virtue of the other spore-forms which 
they can give rise to. 
The following is given as a brief summary of the life-history as worked 
out in the above pages :— 
1. The life-cycle is composed of two conidial forms, Hormodendron and 
Cladosporium. 
2. Hormodendron is a parasitic and summer form ; in the summer 
it produces a disease of the green leaves of several species of plants. 
When the leaves die it passes to the other form, Cladosporium. 
3. Cladosporium is a later form and exists as a saprophyte on the dead 
leaves which have been previously attacked b y Hormodendron. It can give 
rise to Hormodendron if the temperature be moderately high; but at a 
lower temperature it reproduces itself. 
4. In the winter Cladosporium exists in the form of microsclerotia 
which on the advent of the spring germinate to produce conidia of Clado¬ 
sporium ; these conidia of Cladosporium , after germinating, give rise to 
conidia of Hormodendron which serve to continue the disease caused by 
Hormodendron during the summer. 
A list of the species which are regarded as synonymous with Clado¬ 
sporium herbarttm is appended. 
Cladosporium epiphyllum , Nees. Das Syst. der Pilze und Schwamme. 
Cladosporium nigricans , Fr. Syst. Myc., iii, 370. 
Cladosporium solutum , Link. Spec., i, 39. 
Acladium herbarum , Link. Obs., i, 10. 
Byssus caespitosa , Roth. FI. Germ., iv, 566. 
Byssus herbarum , DC. FI. Fr., vi, 11. 
Byssus nigricans, Roth. Catal., i, 126. 
