784 Kemp. — On the Question of the Occurrence of 
The latter is rather less granular and swollen in appearance than at the 
earlier fixations. Binuclear cells are to be seen here and there throughout 
the root-tip, and present some significant features. In the first place, such 
cells, particularly those at a little distance from the growing point, now show 
a distinct increase in size compared with those containing one nucleus. 
Again, although in the majority of them the two nuclei are still close to¬ 
gether and distorted in shape, yet in many they are rounded in outline and 
lie at a distance from each other in the cytoplasm. Further, one of the 
nuclei frequently appears to be undergoing degeneration; staining diffusely, 
and with its nucleolus broken up into numerous small droplets. The last 
condition is of note, in connexion with the occurrence here and there of 
empty shrivelled cells containing masses of degenerated chromatin. Many 
of the binuclear cells show a fragment of cell-plate lying between the two 
nuclei. There are also cells with long lobed nuclei, often curved round an 
unfinished plate (Fig. 7). The nucleoli, which are surrounded by a con¬ 
spicuous clear space, are generally divided into two or three bodies ; and, 
as described above, in those nuclei which appear to be disintegrating, they 
are completely broken up into small round globules. 
The abnormal division figures and binuclear cells are found throughout 
the root-tip, at some distance from the growing point as well as quite close 
to the latter. 
5. After forty-four hours subsequent growth. 
In roots fixed after the lapse of forty-four hours, the general action of 
the chloral hydrate upon the tissue as a whole has practically disappeared. 
The cell walls are clearly defined,theachromatic structures again conspicuous, 
and the constituents of the nuclei sharply stained. Division is also taking 
place rapidly throughout the root-tip. There are, however, certain striking 
abnormalities to be seen. Here and there, but chiefly in the closely packed 
cell layers immediately within the endodermis, are rows of cells containing 
peculiar lobed or amoeboid nuclei. These cells are unusually large, and 
their transverse walls frequently oblique in direction. In some cases these 
oblique walls enclose small portions of nuclear material which appear to 
have been separated off from the large amoeboid nuclei, and to be in process 
of disintegration (Fig. 3). Masses of degenerating chromatin, varying in size, 
are also visible here and there wedged in between the walls of two con¬ 
tiguous cells. The individual cells in these rows may amount to as many 
as seven or eight in number. Another peculiar feature is to be seen in 
groups of three cells set obliquely to each other. These occur, not in the 
extreme tip of the root, where oblique orientation is a normal phenomenon, 
but further back from the growing point, where such orientation is not 
normally found. Comparison of these groups with Fig. 8 makes it appear 
probable that they have arisen by uneven multipolar division of a single 
