788 Kemp.—On the Question of the Occurrence of 
point. Finally, in such nuclei as are in process of disintegration, the nucleoli 
break up entirely into small round bodies. In the poisoned roots, the clear 
space surrounding the nucleolus is more conspicuous than is the case in 
normal tissue. 
With regard to the occurrence of ‘heterotype’ reduction-figures, 
nothing at all resembling such is seen in the roots of Galtonia. 
Vicia Faba. 
With the bean, two alternative methods of cultivation were adopted, 
the roots being started either over water, by pinning the cotyledons to 
a flat cork, or in damp sawdust. Those grown in sawdust proved to be the 
more generally satisfactory, and were used in the following experiment. In 
the latter, which was chosen from among a considerable number, the roots 
were fixed after 22, 48, and 70 hours’ subsequent growth ; which periods of 
fixation may be supplemented by two others, at 65 and 85 hours, taken 
from a parallel experiment. 
1. After 1 hour in a 0-75 % solution of chloral hydrate. 
2. 
22 hours’ subsequent growth in 
sawdust. 
3* 
4^ » >> 
55 J 5 
jj 
4* 
>> 
^.5 >5 5 > 
55 55 
» 
(from a parallel 
experiment) 
5. 
7 0 >> 
55 55 
>5 
6. 
85 „ 
5 > 55 
j > 
(from a parallel 
experiment) 
Although the root tissue of the bean is somewhat dense, and its cells 
relatively small and closely packed together, and although it consequently 
presents, as a whole, features less favourable for examination than are those 
seen in Galtonia , yet at the same time it is characterized by certain 
peculiarities of considerable interest, which will be noted below. These 
roots appear to be slightly more resistant to the action of the chloral 
hydrate than are those of Galtonia ; at the fixation made directly after 
their removal from the drug they still show many nuclei in division, although 
the character of these division figures is far from normal. 
1. After 1 hour in 0-75 % chloral hydrate. 
In roots fixed straight from the poison, the general effect of the latter 
is seen to be similar to that described above in Galtonia. The cell walls 
are swollen, the cytoplasm shrunken and vacuolated, and the resting nuclei, 
particularly those of the external layers, are diffusely stained, and have 
a granular appearance and badly defined membranes. The nucleoli have 
taken the stain deeply, and are surrounded by a conspicuous clear space, 
this last feature being much more marked in the poisoned roots than it is in 
normal tissue, although it also occurs occasionally in the latter. In the 
