FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
55 
be added. A perfect emulsion should 
follow this procedure. To determine 
this, put a little of the mixture in a 
glass of water. If free oil is floating on 
the surface the mixture is not perfect, 
and the stirring should be continued, or 
more soap or water should be added. 
We have never had any trouble in more 
than one hundred times we have made 
these according to the above proced¬ 
ure. 
It is our custom to pour the soap and 
oil into the 200-gallon spray tank and 
start the agitator which thoroughly 
mixes the oil and soap in about a min¬ 
ute. We then fill the tank, leaving the 
agitator running until this work is com¬ 
pleted. This usually requires ten min¬ 
utes, i. e., about ten minutes to make 
the spray material and to load. 
These formulae can be made up with 
one-half the quantity of soap given 
above by using a pump to produce an 
aerated condition of the mixture, which 
is an emulsion. If this is done they may 
be stored in a tank, but thorough stir¬ 
ring is necessary before using, as the 
oil settles to the bottom in the course 
of a few days. The power sprayer may 
be used for this purpose, spraying the 
mixture out through the nozzles into 
the tank. As to whether they should 
be made this way or according to the 
preceding, the grower must decide for 
himself. Although this method has not 
been extensively used by us, our ex¬ 
periments showed no injury to the 
twenty trees sprayed with these aer¬ 
ated emulsions. We believe the risk is 
some greater, however, than when the 
formulate are used. The fact that the 
expense is much less should make this 
method appeal to the growers.” 
Since the above was written we use 
the same proportions of soap in III 
and IV as in I and II, or half as much 
soap by measure as oil. This gives 
equal satisfaction, as when more soap 
is used and it is considerably cheaper. 
The results of the spraying experi¬ 
ments with these formulae are given. 
These were conducted in a small grove 
having a heavy infestation of the white- 
fly and the sooty mold was thick on the 
leaves. The material was applied with 
a power sprayer at 175 pounds pressure 
and the water was pumped from an 
open well by means of a rotary pump. 
The work was done January 16, and 
the examinations made January 30, 
1911. The following is a summary of 
the results: 
FORMULA. 
Per Cent, 
of Oil. 
Dilution 
Approx 
No. of Trees 
Sprayed. 
No. of Insects 
Examined. 
Per Cent. 
Killed. 
I Petroleum Fuel Oil, 240 Baume. 
i -34 
18 
3114 
98.5 
II Distillate Oil, 30° Baume. 
2 
1-25 
21 
5339 
99.2 
II Distillate Oil . 
2 
1-25 
17 
869 
91.4 
Ill Diamond Paraffine, 28° Baume 
i'A 
i -33 
16 
665 
97.6 
III Diamond Paraffine. 
l l /2 
1-33 
20 
4770 
99.8 
Ill Diamond Paraffine. 
2 
1-25 
17 
2228 
99-7 
IV Jr. Red Eng. Oil, 250 Baume. 
i T A 
i -33 
22 
4302 
100.0 
REMARKS. 
One quart rosin oil added. 
Three pints rosin oil added. 
