64 
FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
have to be secured at a good big 
salary. 
Mr.-Does the association dis¬ 
courage the selling of oranges at the 
packing house, or do they do all the 
selling through agents in the east? 
Mr. Tenny—No oranges except the 
culls are really sold at the packing 
house. If a person wishes to buy fruit 
from any individual packing house, 
f. o. b., he can make this purchase 
through the agent of the exchange. 
Of course, in all these matters, the 
managers of the individual houses are 
consulted and, to a very large extent, 
they determine where their fruit shall 
be sold. 
Dr. Inman—When a person wants 
to come into the exchange, is it done 
for the life of a crop or for a series 
of years? For violating the rules it 
costs them a penalty of about fifty 
cents a box. It ceases to be boys’ play. 
A man might become dissatisfied, but 
it would make no difference about the 
marketing of his fruit. The associa¬ 
tion of packers come in, and take his 
fruit just the same. That is the better 
way; not to be bothered at all by the 
individual growers. 
Mr. Tenny—As I understand it, any 
grower may withdraw from the ex¬ 
change house at the end of any fruit 
season. I would not be sure about 
this matter, however. 
Mr. Griffing—Does the local as¬ 
sociation look after the picking or just 
the packing of the fruit? 
Mr. Tenny—The usual method has 
been for each individual grower to do 
his own picking. Recently, however, 
we have been doing a good deal of 
work on the methods of picking and 
we find it much easier to eliminate in¬ 
juries made in the picking when the 
association does the picking than when 
it is done by the individual growers. 
When the house picks the fruit, it is 
possible to obtain an efficient foreman, 
who properly superintends the pick¬ 
ing. 
Mr.-What is the output per day • 
from one of these packing houses ? 
Mr. Tenny—From one to ten cars. 
The average house ships four or five 
cars a day. 
Dr. Inman—The packing houses are 
run under perfect discipline. Each man 
has a certain work to do and pays 
strict attention to business. It is 
just like clock work. There is no 
racket at all. 
Mr. Griffing—Do they have much 
trouble with labor? 
Mr. Tenny—They have all sorts of 
labor. There are many Japanese, 
Chinese, Mexican Greasers and a good 
many hoboes. Women do a large por¬ 
tion of the packing. The Chinese are 
also used in the packing houses, but 
not much in the fields. The field work 
is done largely by the Japanese, Mexi¬ 
cans and whites. 
Dr. Inman—The wrappers were get¬ 
ting 2y 2 cents per box. Some were 
paying as high as 2^/4, and it was a 
rare instance where the limit of three 
cents was paid for the wrapping. 
Mr. Skinner—How many boxes per 
day will the average packer pack? 
Mr. Tenny—I have seen packers 
who would wrap and pack over 100 
boxes. A great many wrap and pack 
from seventy to seventy-five. 
Mr. Hart—My experience has been 
that the packers will only average 
about fifty boxes per day. I consider 
that good work for an average packer. 
