84 
FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
December to April, or until young lar¬ 
vae become abundant immediately follow¬ 
ing the first brood of adults in spring. 
It is best to use fresh fungus, although 
the writer has succeeded (during the 
rainy season) with fungus that had been 
collected and dried for a month 
For further particulars in regard to 
methods for introducing the fungi the 
reader is referred to Bulletin No. 88 and 
Press Bulletins 68, 76, 80, 82, and 88, 
Fla. Agr. Expt. Station. 
Fungus can probably be obtained at 
the following places:—Manatee, Braden- 
town, Palmetto, Sarasota, Fort Myers, 
Buckingham, Orlando, Oviedo, Apopka, 
and Titusville. 
OTHER OBSERVATIONS. 
Whitefly Matures on Dead Leaves .— 
On November 20 and 21, 1907, Mr. R. Y. 
Winters, Assistant in Botany, and the 
writer made a very careful inspection of 
some of the trees at DeLand that had 
been defoliated the previous February, 
but in which the whitefly had reappeared 
during the summer. Careful inspection 
of the vegetation in the neighborhood 
of the infested trees revealed no plants 
infested with whitefly which could have 
acted as carriers during the period of 
defoliation of the citrus. (It does not 
necessarily follow, however, that such 
carriers did not exist.) But whitefly in 
abundance existed in the citrus and Cape 
jasmine that had been defoliated the 
previous February. Where had it come 
from ? The writer finally decided to 
carefully examine the dead leaves accum¬ 
ulated under a certain Cape jasmine, es¬ 
pecially any that had collected in small 
hollows near the trunk. Something like 
several pecks of such leaves were exam¬ 
ined by Mr. Winters and the writer with 
the result that well matured larvae and 
pupae, apparently healthy and alive, 
were found on some leaves that were 
dead and brown, but had either retained 
or been supplied with enough moisture 
to keep them flexible. Finally, the writer 
found an adult specimen about half 
emerged from the pupa case on such a 
leaf. The specimen appeared fresh but 
inactive, and with a little effort was 
freed from its case and found to be un¬ 
doubtedly alive, since it could move its 
legs and feelers. 
In the afternoon Mr. Winters went to 
carefully inspect the fallen leaves of cer¬ 
tain citrus trees, with similar results. 
Seemingly live and healthy pupae were 
found upon dead and dried leaves gen¬ 
erally with enough moisture, however, to 
remain flexible. Some of these leaves 
were taken to the laboratory at the Ex¬ 
periment Station by Mr. Winters, and 
after a few days, live adults were found 
moving about under the bell jar. Two 
days later the writer found apparently 
live specimens of pupae on a few partly 
dried and curled leaves of citrus in an¬ 
other yard at DeLand. On January 17, 
some of the fallen leaves under the Cape 
jasmine above referred to were again ex¬ 
amined, when semi-dried leaves with 
plump, live larvae were found, also a 
pupa on a leaf that was dried and brown. 
It was further observed on the Cape jas¬ 
mine in question, and on two citrus trees 
(all of which had been defoliated in the 
preceding February) that the greater 
number of whitefly larvae were low down 
in the trees (about the lower third) and 
also that the empty pupae cases of pre¬ 
ceding brood were on the lower leaves 
of the trees, possibly indicating that the 
“fly” came up from the ground. 
When at DeLand on January 17 and 
18, 1908, I brought back to Gainesville 
