1910. 
THIS RURAL NEW-YORKER 
27 
SEAWEED AS MANURE. 
J. L. N.j Orleans, Mass .—What amount 
of fertilizer is there in common seaweed 
or eel grass? What chemical should I use 
with it on sandy soil? 
Ans. —It will pay you to write to the 
R. I. Station at Kingston and the Maine 
Station at Orono and ask for bulletins. 
They gave the following analysis for 
seaweed collected in Winter. 
Phos. 
Pounds in one ton. Nitrogen. Acid. Potash. 
Ribbonweed (kelp) .. 
B r o a d ribbonweed 
7 
2 
12 
(devil’s apron) , . 
9 
2 
16 
Round rockweed .. . 
5 
2 
12 
Flat rockweed . 
5 
o 
12 
Eel grass . 
12 
2 
10 
Stable manure . 
10 
6 
13 
The seaweed collected in 
Summer is 
not as rich in plant food. The compara¬ 
tive analysis of stable manure shows 
how the seaweed ranks. Its greatest 
need is phosphoric acid. Like manure, 
potash is also needed to “balance” it. 
The Maine bulletin states that land 
dressed for a long time with seaweed 
alone becomes exhausted of phosphoric 
acid. From 300 to 500 pounds of acid 
phosphate are recommended with 20 to 
30 tons of seaweed. Our readers who 
live in the interior do not realize how 
the sea throws plant food upon the shore 
in the shape of seaweed, fish and other 
matters. Many farms along the coast 
are kept in good condition by the use 
of this sea waste. Of course there are 
no weed seeds, insects or plant disease 
germs in the sea weeds. The following 
notes from Maine farmers show how 
the weed is used: 
Sea Manure From the Ocean. 
The farmers of this section matte use 
of seaweed some, and of kelp quite a 
lot. It is spread on the grasslands as 
hauled, but owing to the smell the Summer 
people object, and it is not practiced much 
now. Seaweed which grows on the rocks 
and is covered at every tide is pulled at 
planting time and used green for cabbage 
mostly. Now and then you will see a 
team from back in the country come for a 
load. Kelp grows in deep water, and is 
torn off during heavy seas. It is carried 
by the tides toward the shores, and if the 
wind* shifts and blows from off the land 
it comes ashore on some part of the coast. 
As soon as it is known that kelp has landed 
teams come from every direction and draw 
It above high-water mark. They rush it all 
they can, as the first high tide may tal*e 
it to sea again, and that is the last of it. 
Kelp soon rots down, shrinking one-half 
or more. As time is found it is hauled 
home. Some use a part to compost with 
farm manures, but most of it is piled handy 
for planting. If the ground is ready, it is 
•spread in the furrows. For potatoes, cab¬ 
bage and cauliflower it does the best of 
anything we ever used. It lasts well and 
holds the crops up till matured. Some 
have strong objections to the use of kelp, 
claiming that it burns the land after a 
time. Used alone, it may, but I find that 
if used with other fertilizers it is well 
worth the time spent in saving and haul¬ 
ing. Fish waste is not used to any extent. 
Biddeford, Me. J. L. L. 
The farmers within three or four miles 
of the beach use all the seaweed they can 
get, kelp mostly, and some rockweed. Some 
make a compost, using it with barnyard 
manure, and perhaps some muck. Others 
haul it direct to the land in the Fall and 
spread it broadcast (a heavy coat) and 
plow it in at planting time, which I think 
is the best plan. The farmers who use 
seaweed make a business of raising po¬ 
tatoes. carrots, squashes, cabbages and 
onions for market, and seem to be well-to- 
do. They think seaweed (kelp) is good for 
one crop, but not much benefit to the 
soil. Rockweed, they claim, hangs on 
longer, and is good to use laying down 
land to grass. We cannot get fish waste 
to use. C. H. c. 
Wells, Me. 
Other uses are made of seaweed. 
Bv analysis, it ranks above green corn 
fodder, corn silage or rye fodder. Along 
the shore sheep and cattle often eat it. 
It is said that $100,000 worth of sea¬ 
weed are exported every year from San 
Francisco to China. The American Con¬ 
sul at Charlottetown, P. E. I., says that 
seaweed is eaten by horses and cat¬ 
tle, and when boiled with meal is fed to 
hogs. It is dried and baled and exported. 
The local price is $7 per ton. The ashes 
of this weed yield iodine, bromine and 
other chemicals. It also gives coloring 
materials. The weed is used for packing 
glassware and for stuffing pillows and 
mattresses. Furniture stuffed with it is 
practically free from moths. It is also 
one of the best non-conductors of heat. 
A Continuous Cement Pipe. 
R. A. E., Seattle, Wash .—What would 
you think of the idea of building a continu¬ 
ous cement pipe for drainage from dwelling 
house for sink and bath room? Would 
there be any danger of leaking that would 
contaminate shallow well near by from 
which drinking water is obtained? IIow 
large should the pipe be? How thick should 
the walls be made? What proportion of 
sand and cement? Could I use gravel? 
The total length of the pipe would be 170 
feet, with four feet of fall. 
Ans. —If R. A. E. is where ordinary 
four-inch sewer tile can be purchased 
it would be cheaper, less work, and safer, 
to use the sewer tile, carefully cement¬ 
ing the joints with a rich cement mortar 
made of one part cement with not more 
than one to two parts of sand. To con¬ 
nect with the house an elbow can be 
procured of the same material, and the 
pipe from the house cemented into it 
If the ordinary glazed sewer tile is not 
available cement may be used. If so, 
clean sharp sand should be obtained, 
and this used with cement in the pro¬ 
portion of one of cement to two of the 
sand. If clean gravel is available, not 
too coarse, this may be used with the 
sand in the proportion of one of gravel 
to one of sand. Perhaps the simplest 
way to lay the cement drain would be to 
construct a wooden core, four inches in 
diameter at one end and 2.5 feet long, 
making one end three-eighths of an 
inch smaller in diameter than the other, 
and being very careful to have the sides 
perfectly smooth and true, so that the 
core can be drawn forward and out 
after the cement has been built around 
it. 
The trench would be dug with the 
bottom eight inches wide and the sides 
nearly straight, rising to a height of 
eight inches above the bottom. When 
the cement mortar is prepared enough 
would be laid in the bottom to fill it to a 
depth of about three inches for a dis¬ 
tance the length of the core. The core 
would then be laid on this cement and 
bedded into it. A board would be set up 
against the forward end of the core, 
rising to a height of two inches above 
its top, and filling the trench, thus pro¬ 
viding a shoulder against which the con¬ 
crete could be built. The core would 
then be buried in the concrete up to the 
height of the board and trowelled down, 
rounding the top surface away from the 
earth walls. After the cement has set 
sufficiently the core would be withdrawn. 
Another section of the bottom of the 
trench would be filled with concrete and 
the core bedded in this with its small 
end projecting into the already formed 
opening six inches, and lying directly 
on the bottom. This will leave no 
shoulder on the bottom of the drain and 
when the concrete is filled in over the 
core as before described, a second sec¬ 
tion will have been built. To facilitate 
the withdrawal of the core it would 
probably be best to run a half-inch iron 
rod through the center of the core 
lengthwise, securing it with nut and 
washer, having the rod long enough so 
that it projects two feet beyond the 
large end of the core, and having its end 
sharply bent over at a right angle, form¬ 
ing a square shoulder an inch long 
against which a hammer may be used to 
jar the core gently and drive it out 
sufficiently to loosen it so that it may 
be drawn. f. h. king. 
’ AW your own 
wood 
and save 
time, coal and 
money; or saw 
your neighbors’ 
wood and 
MAKE 
$5 TO $15 
A DAY 
Hundreds are doing it with an Appleton Wood Saw. 
Why not you? We make six styles—steel or wooden 
frames—and if desired will mount the saw frame on 
a substantial 4-wheel truck on which you can also 
mount your gasoline engine and thus have a 
PORTABLE WOOD SAWING RIG 
that is unequalled in effective work and profitable 
operation. 
We make the celebrated Hero Friction Feed Drag 
Saw also, and complete lines of feed grinders, corn 
sbellers, corn buskers, fodder cutters, manure spread¬ 
ers, horse powers, windmills, etc. Ask for our Free 
Catalogue. 
Appleton Mfg.Co.BAv'Sls": 
■ l— ll I I II 
In the Year 2910 
whatever you build or make in 1910, will be practically as good as new if 
you build or make it of concrete. It can’t burn, doesn’t rot, won’t wear 
out and is proof against all vermin. 
EDISON 
PORTLAND 
CEMENT 
is handled easily by your regular farm help and whatever is built or made of it be¬ 
comes a permanent investment instead of a temporary improvement. And it is most 
economical because it is 
Uniformly lO/o Finest Ground in the World 
therefore, weight for weight, covers more sand, gravel or broken stone, 
and therefore goes farther with equal strength of concrete than any other 
brand. It will pay you to read these books: 
“How to Mix and Use Concrete on the Farm.” 
^Concrete on the Farm.” 
" Silos” and “New England Homes.” 
Send for the books . Free, and profit by them . 
EDISON PORTLAND CEMENT CO. 
No. 921 St. James Building, New York City 
STRONGER THAN GRANITE 
American Saw Mi Ms 
.vii fc-. LMr. tii- .'JLr. .lie, y.krJ 
Make Most Money For Farmers that experienced operators 
are not necesssary. Any one can set up and run an American mill with the drawings 
and instructions we furnish. And they make more lumber with less power and_less 
help than any other owing to their Special Time and Labor Saving Devices* 
Variable Friction Feed. Improved Giant Duplex Steel Dogs. Combined Ratchet Setworks 
and Quick Receder. Rolled Steel Track. Self-Oiling Bearings throughout. Made in all 
Sizes—For all Powers. 
I limhor 1C MaiSCU ^ ou can rna ' :e both With one of these mills. The outfit 
LUfllDvl IO IHUnCj soon pays for itself. If you have no timber, your neich- 
's ’ 
borshave. Just haul the outfit 
the next job. 
Write today 
the logs, cut them up, move on to 
Our Mill Book Free to, , hl . 
structive catalogue. It illustrates, describes and 
prices our complete line of wood working machinery. 
Lath Machines Shingle Machines 
Wood Saws Wood Splftters 
Planers Edgers Trimmers, Etc* 
Write for book today 
American Saw Mill Machinery Company 
129 HOPE ST., HACKETTSTOWN, N. J. 
1582 Terminal Buildings, New York 
OUR NEW TRADE-MARK 
BE SURE it is on every bag of 
Fertilizer you buy, as it marks 
the genuine 
Hubbard “Bone Base” Fertilizer 
Our large new Factory, equipped with 
the latest improved machinery, will enable 
us to fill all orders promptly in 1910. 
We guarantee the Fertilizers we put 
out next season to be fully up to the high 
standard of the past. With good goods, 
honest prices and quick shipments, we know we can please you. 
WE WANT A GOOD AGENT IN EVERY TOWN IN NEW YORK STATE 
WE PAY THE FERTILIZER LICENSE FEE 
Send for our Almanac telling all about the Hubbard “Bone Base” Fertilizers. It is sent 
free to any address. 
^TlLlZt^ 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD GO., „„ 
Makers of the 
bbard “ Bone Base ” Fertilizers 
Middletown, Conn. 
PERFECT POTATO 
PLANTING 
Every farmer knows the importance 
of proper potato planting. Here's a 
machine that does it perfectly. Has 
none of the faults common with com¬ 
mon planters. Opens the furrow 
perfectly, drops the seed 
correctly, covers 1 1 uni 
f ormly. and best of all 
never bruises or 
puncture- Lhe 
seed. Send a 
postal for ^ \ 
our free 
book. 
No Misses 
No Doubles i 
No Troubles 
BATEMAN MF6. CO.. Box 102-P 
(ImproveilRob^in.) 
Potato Planter 
GRENLOCH, N. J. 
SI500to$5000aYear 
A has been made by hundreds 
of people operating the 
“American” Drilling Machines 
There is no business in the world where 
a few hundred dollars investment, com¬ 
bined with a little energy, will 
obtain a competency so surely or 
quickly as the operation of an 
“ American ” Well Machine. 40 
years’ experience and 59 regular 
styles and sizes make them the 
world’s standard. 
Complete New Catalog FREE. 
The American Well Works 
Gen’l Office & Works, Aurora, III. 
. First Nat. Bank Bldg., Chicago, 
Chas. B. Corwin,(Export) 12-25 Whitehall St., N.Y. 
MONTROSS METAL SHINGLES 
Most durable roofing made. On market 20 years. 
Inexpensive. Fireproof. Ornamental. Cata. 
logue. Montross Company, Camden, N. J- 
Let Me Start You in Business ! 
I will furnish the capital and the advertising. I want 
one sincere, earnest mnri in every town and township. 
Farmers, Mechanics, Builders. Small business men, any¬ 
one anxious to improve his condition. Address 
“COMMERCIAL DEMOCRACY,’’ Dept.D.35, Elyria, Ohio. 
COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE 
Half the Cost—with the 
PROFIT FARM BOILER 
With Dumping Caldron. Empties 
its kettle in one minute. The simplest 
and best arrangement for cooking 
food for stock. A Iso make Dairy anti 
Laundry Stoves, Water and 
Steam Jacket Kettles, Hog 
Scalders, Caldrons.etc. J#“Send 
for particulars and ask for circular J. 
D. It. SHERRY & CO., Batavia, IU. 
