1910. 
ORIENTAL PEARS ON FRENCH STOCK. 
J. E. II., Orwigsburg, Fa .—Why do nur¬ 
serymen continue to work the Oriental 
class of pears on the French stock, when 
it is a conceded fact that this stock is 
uncongenial to the Oriental race of pears? 
Ans. —I think J. E. H. is mistaken 
in his assertion that it is a conceded fact 
that the French pear stock is uncon¬ 
genial to the Oriental class of pears, and 
in reply I will quote from an address of 
my own on the “Influence of Stock on 
the Graft,” which I read before the 
New Jersey State Horticultural Society 
in January, 1904. This I think will 
answer J. E. H. in full as to why 
nurserymen continue to use the higher- 
priced French stock instead of the 
cheaper Japan or Kieffer seedlings. Men 
THE RURAL 
who grow trees, nurserymen who make 
it a business and whose living, and 
still more, whose honor and reputation 
are at stake, are always honestly investi¬ 
gating and using the best stocks they 
can find upon which to grow the tree 
they intend to sell and have it live and 
grow into an advertisement and a monu¬ 
ment for their name and business. 
“A few years ago it was found that 
the .LeConte.and Kieffer could be grown 
from cuttings in the South,as easily and 
as cheaply as the willow or poplar. 
Planters were told that they would make 
better fruiting trees on their own roots 
than on a French pear root. In some 
cases where soil and other conditions 
were favorable they succeeded for a 
while, but few planters care to plant 
them now. At the same time nursery- 
N B W-YORKER 
men were led to believe that the Le 
Conte grown from cuttings would make 
the cheapest, healthiest and strongest 
stock upon which to grow other va¬ 
rieties, but the Le Conte and Kieffer 
refused to act as a stock for the Euro¬ 
pean varieties, and while the graft made 
a wonderful growth the first year, the 
after years were a stagnation of growth 
and a sure death to both stock and graft. 
Then seedlings of the Kieffer were 
boomed for a while as the great pear 
stock for nurserymen. Out of a lot of 
the Kieffer seedlings I took one that was 
noticed for its strong growth and 
healthy, clean foliage, and leaving about 
four feet of the stem, top-grafted it 
with grafts of the Barry pear. The 
first year’s growth was wonderful. Six 
or seven years have elapsed since I 
r 
grafted that tree; while it lives and 
bears a few pears it does not make any 
more growth; the stem is no larger 
than when I grafted it; and the top is 
no larger than the first year’s growth 
made it. Reverse the stock; use the 
European for stock and Kieffer for 
graft, and the difference is magical. The 
stock forms a stronger root system than 
when a European is grafted on it and 
the graft becomes a strong, rampant 
tree. Now take this Kieffer tree with 
its European root, and insert a graft of 
some European variety in its leader and 
it will be paralyzed by the operation. 
So the European as a stock has a vital¬ 
izing influence over the Kieffer, while 
the Kieffer as a stock has a deteriorating 
influence over the European pear.” 
K s. BLACK. 
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