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THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 1, 
A GREAT EDUCATIONAL CONVENTION. 
The annual meeting of the New York 
State Agricultural Society which will be 
held on January 19, promises a vigorous 
awakening of the functions of that his¬ 
toric institution, which has been some¬ 
what dormant since the organization 
of the State Agricultural Department. 
The new activity has been initiated and 
inspired by its president, Commissioner 
R. A. Pearson. Arrangements are being 
rapidly developed for a convention 
in the city of Albany to be held 
in connection with the annual meet¬ 
ing of the society. The principal object 
of this convention is to discuss the 
agricultural needs of the State; to har¬ 
monize her educational interests and 
to develop a fixed and definite agricul¬ 
tural educational policy. A programme 
for this convention is already well un¬ 
der way and will be announced later in 
detail. In addition to the direct inter¬ 
ests of the farm it will embrace such 
allied interests as transportation, com¬ 
merce, and educational functions from 
(lie home up through the primary and 
common schools to the high school, ex¬ 
periment station and agricultural college. 
The foremost men of the country have 
been invited to address the convention 
on these subjects, and the convention 
promises to be one of the most import¬ 
ant ever held in the .State in the interest 
of any industry. 
This work is taken up none too soon. 
All over this country the people are Cry¬ 
ing out^, against a system of purely in¬ 
tellectual education that leads away 
from productive industries, and centers 
interest artd ambition only to the count¬ 
ing room anti the professional office. 
More than 90 per-cent of the children 
of our schools never get beyond the 
grammar grade of the city or the com¬ 
mon schools of the country districts. 
There is a growing demand for a system 
of education that will fit these 90 per 
cent of our children for the industries 
in which they must earn a livelihood. 
This demand is now finding expression 
in independent and disconnected indus¬ 
trial schools of one sort or another, 
some at private and others at public ex¬ 
pense. In this State politicians with 
characteristic shrewdness have capital¬ 
ized this unrest of the people, and the 
demand of an industrial as well as an 
intellectual education for their children, 
by promising to establish local farm 
schools in their respective counties or 
districts, so that the confusion is grow¬ 
ing and promises to increase until the 
expense of this disconnected, ill-consid¬ 
ered and purely experimental work is 
likely to exceed the cost of a definite, 
comprehensive and universal State sys¬ 
tem of education that will develop 
industrial as well as the intellectual 
functions of the child. While we are at 
it something might be done for his spir¬ 
itual development—but that is another 
question. Other States as well as New 
York are face to face with this indus¬ 
trial educational problem. Some of them 
have made a beginning. Others have 
progressed more. The whole country is 
in a state of unrest over it. It is time. 
New York State took hold of the sub¬ 
ject in earnest. The Albany convention 
will serve to bring out the different 
views, and a fixed and definite State 
policy- should be—and must be—then 
evolved. Take your wife and attend the 
Albany convention. 
STATE DAIRYMEN’S ASSOCIATION. 
Part I. 
The New York State Dairymen's Asso¬ 
ciation met at Watertown Tuesday, De¬ 
c-ember 14. in a pre-eminently dairy section 
of the State, Watertown being the largest 
inland cheese exchange in the world, ancf 
the meeting was in keeping with the place 
in which it was held. Former President 
W. W. Ilall declared it to be the best con¬ 
vention ever held by the association, both 
in attendance, the quality of the addresses 
presented, and the completeness of the ex¬ 
hibit of dairy machinery and butter and 
cheese. Every session was largely at¬ 
tended, and great interest manifested. A 
purse of $500 in premiums for butter and 
cheese was offered, and 150 entries were 
made in competition for same. 
There was a very extensive exhibition 
of dairy supplies and machinery. Every¬ 
thing from a delicate pair of scales for 
determining the moisture in butter all the 
way down to a manure spreader were in 
evidence. One booth was used to display 
photographs and charts showing the rav¬ 
ages of tuberculosis in cattle, and another 
occupied by the Holstein Friesian Associa¬ 
tion. showed pictures and records of noted 
cows, and distributed literature to increase 
the popularity of the breed. One Jersey 
breeder showed pedigrees of his cattle, and 
gave away booklets describing his herd. 
This was the thirty-third annual meeting, 
and was opened Tuesday evening by Prof. 
II. II. Wing, of Cornell University, the 
president of the association. Prof. Wing 
introduced Mayor Hugo, of Watertown, who 
gave the address of welcome. 
While Mayor Hugo is a lawyer by pro¬ 
fession. he showed that he was familiar 
with dairy interests, and gave many facts 
and figures to show the great importance 
of the industry. He told us that in Jeffer¬ 
son County alone there are 70,000 cows. 13 
milk stations. 00 Limburger cheese factories 
and 100 American cheese factories: besides 
13,200 tubs of butter were shipped from 
the county this year. Geo. W. Sisson. Jr., 
of Potsdam, responded to Mayor Hugo in 
behalf of the association. Mr. Sisson is 
engaged in wood pulp and paper manu¬ 
facturing. but owns a fine herd of Jersey 
cattle, and is deeply interested in the dairy 
business. He expressed the belief that the 
association should be the clearing house 
for the most advanced dairy thought and 
processes throughout the year, and that it 
should give attention to the economic side 
of dairying. He recommended a more ef¬ 
ficient machine—a better dairy cow. “The 
association can further cow-testing associa¬ 
tions. and co-operative breeders' associations, 
and we should make our product the best 
possible at the least cost, and should pro¬ 
tect the makers of pure §oods.” Mr. Sisson 
then declared that a campaign has been 
on for a year by the oleomargerinc people 
so to influence public opinion that they 
can successfully attack the Grout bill. 
The association should work with other 
agencies to prevent the accomplishment of 
the efforts of the oleo makers. 
Isaac L. Hunt, of Adams, responded on 
behalf of the Jefferson County dairymen, 
and said h.e had little more to say after 
listening to Mayor Hugo and Mr. Sisson, 
although he supposed the former was a 
lawyer and the latter a paper maker. 
“There is a mutual relation between the 
city and country man.” Mr. Hunt, re¬ 
ferring to the depression of 1907, said that 
tlie city manufacturers and workmen had 
to draw on their deposits in the banks, but 
that instead of the deposits running down, 
there had been a gradual increase in the 
Watertown banks by reason of the deposits 
coming in from the country. The dairy 
products of Jefferson County are between 
$3,000,000 and $4,000,000. “Proper breed¬ 
ing, proper feeding, and proper care are 
vital to success in dairying.” 
Wednesday morning the address of Presi¬ 
dent Wing was given. He said in part : 
“Thirty-three years rounds out a third of 
a century, and it is fitting that we look 
back upon the work of the association. I 
need not remind you that the association 
has been a power in the dairy industry 
ever since its organization, nor need I to 
eulogize the many men who have played 
prominent parts in exercising its powers; 
but I will content myself with calling at-_ 
tention to just a few things that the as¬ 
sociation has helped to accomplish. Pre¬ 
vious to 1889 the State of New York had 
done practically nothing to foster the dairy 
Industry nor to give the industry the pro- 
' tection it so very much needed in securing 
dairymen against fraud and adulteration 
in the sale of their products. The New 
York State Dairymen’s Association was 
largely instrumental in securing the pas¬ 
sage of the law organizing the State Dairy 
Commission. It was not long thereafter 
that the commission was expanded into the 
State Department of Agriculture, an or¬ 
ganization that has always proved of great 
service to the dairy farmer, but never 
more than at present under the manage¬ 
ment of the present commissioner. 
“While we may not properly claim that 
it was through our influence that the farm¬ 
ers' institutes were inaugurated in this 
State, there is no doubt that the dairy 
conferences held by this association did 
much to pave the way for our present 
elaborate system of instruction through 
farmers’ institutes. I believe it was in 
1890 that the association passed a resolu¬ 
tion calling upon the State to make an 
appropriation to provide definite instruction 
in dairy husbandry at some place in the 
State. At the time Cornell offered no 
definite system of instruction in dairy hus¬ 
bandry. 
“This resolution evidently had an effect 
upon the board of trustees, as in the follow¬ 
ing year they provided a course in dairy 
husbandry whicli has been well patronized 
from the start. This led in 1S93 to the 
adoption by the Legislature of a sum suf¬ 
ficient to erect and equip the first dairy 
building at Cornell University. Our asso¬ 
ciation then may be said to be the founder, 
in a certain sense, of our agricultural col¬ 
lege. But reminiscences, however pleas¬ 
ant. may be of little avail unless they look 
forward to further accomplishments. What 
remains for us to do in the further de¬ 
velopment of the industry?” 
J. GRANT MORSE. 
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