1910. 
<THEJ RURAL* NEW-YORKER 
THE OLD RURAL AND THE NEW. 
Among recent offerings for the library 
of the New York State School of Agri¬ 
culture at this University, are six years 
of the old “Moore’s Rural New- 
Yorker,” published at Rochester, N. Y., 
1860-1866. The papers are in good con¬ 
dition and are bound in two large folio 
volumes. Embracing, as they do, all the 
years of the Civil War, they give a 
complete history of that great conflict 
as seen from week to week, and the lit¬ 
erary contributions and editorials prove 
the old Rural to have been a worthy 
sire of the Rural of to-day with its 
wide circulation and its leadership 
among agricultural periodicals. The old 
Rural with its sterling worth, and the 
new Rural with its honest, straightfor¬ 
ward effort to solve the farm problems 
of this day, are both true exponents of 
the literature of husbandry. An especial¬ 
ly interesting link between the old and 
the new has recently come to light. 
Among the correspondents of the older 
periodical was one who wrote from 
“Alfred University, N. Y.,” under the 
non de plume of “Minnie Mintwood.” 
A letter from a personal acquaintance 
of this writer, received within the past 
week, shows that she is still living, and, 
as Mrs. William R. Fisher, has long 
been one of the most honored women of 
Bryn Mawr, Pa. w. A. A. 
Alfred University. 
CAULIFLOWER SEED. 
L. L., No. Middlcboro, Mass .—IIow can 
I handle cauliflower plants to raise seed 
from them? I have a few excellent plants 
on hand. It is hard to procure good 
seed; it is also expensive. 
Ans. —If you have greenhouse facili¬ 
ties you will have no difficulty in bring¬ 
ing the cauliflower into seed if you will 
transplant the plants to eight-inch pots 
as soon as the heads have formed, and 
keep them slowly growing, and after the 
blossom shoots have formed (if this 
happens before outdoor conditions are 
so as to allow of the plant being visited 
by insects) it will be necessary for you 
to hand-pollinate the flowers. In fact, 
this will be a very safe method of pro¬ 
cedure in any event if you desire- ta 
produce seed of superior merit, as by 
hand-pollination you can use pollen from 
flowers on the same plant, and avoid the 
intermingling of pollen from other 
sources. Great care should be exercised 
in keeping the plant in suitable tempera¬ 
ture. For this class of plants the tem- 
for example, if the feed tank is 10 
feet above the boiler it would indicate 
about five pounds pressure on the boiler. 
Hot water under pressure is the most 
satisfactory method of hot-water heating 
for greenhouse purposes, and does give 
a much more rapid circulation than the 
old method of open piping, and owing 
to this fact may be fired more economic¬ 
ally. In evidence of its rapid circula¬ 
tion I may state that I have frequently 
warmed the pipes 200 feet from the 
boiler in 20 to 25 minutes from the time 
of making a fresh fire in a cold boiler, 
the pipes in question being 2-inch size, 
and the pressure about 10 pounds to the 
square inch on the boiler. 
W. H. TABLIN'. 
Advice About Top-Working Pears. 
M. II. R.j Greene Co., O .—I have several 
Sutfyluth pear trees, which I would like to 
graft to other varieties. The Sudduth is 
not a bad pear, but I have too many of 
them. I like the Bose and Duchess better. 
I would like you to name some other de¬ 
sirable sorts. These trees are eight years 
old and thrifty. I have never seen any 
blight on any of them. I have been told 
that it would be better to bud them than 
to graft them, but it seems to me they are 
too large to bud. I have grafted/ some Bose 
and Flemish Beauty on Kieffer stock, and 
some of them do not form a good union. 
We have had some experience in top¬ 
working Kieffer, enough to demonstrate 
that a number of varieties do not suc¬ 
ceed well on the Kieffer. I see no rea¬ 
son why the Sudduth should not make a 
convenient stock for most varieties. I 
think if I were top-working pear trees 
of considerable size, I would shorten 
them in the season before budding or 
grafting them, rubbing off most of the 
young shoots and budding or grafting 
into the new wood, painting the ex¬ 
posed surfaces where the large limbs 
have been removed. I think in this way 
you can get a much more satisfactory 
job of budding or grafting. 
Indiana. c. M. hobbs. 
I have a block of Bose, grafted on 
Kieffer, but the results are not altoge¬ 
ther satisfactory; some good and some 
poor unions. I have also been very suc¬ 
cessful in budding into pear limbs as 
large as V/> inch; anything larger 
I would prefer grafting. For varieties 
for M. H. R.’s Sudduth I would suggest 
Clapp, Bartlett, Sheldon and Lawrence, 
all of which have good quality and are 
good sellers. h. l. brown. 
Orleans Co., N. Y. 
perature should be practically the same 
as that for lettuce, or slightly cooler, 
until about blooming period, when it can 
be allowed to rise considerably. 
_ L. C. C. 
HOT WATER HEATING. 
M. G., Reinhold SI a.. Pa.—What is meant 
by hot water under pressure? My own 
greenhouse is heated with a hot-water 
system and we were quite satisfied with it, 
but now I hear of a man whose house is 
heated with hot water under pressure, and 
he claims it the best system ; that it 
circulates with greater rapidity and is a 
saver in fuel. Will you tell what this is, 
and what is the most economical heating 
system for a greenhouse intended mostly for 
growing radish and lettuce during Winter, 
also early plants toward Spring? 
Ans. —The difference between the or¬ 
dinary, or open circulation system of 
hot-water heating for greenhouses, and 
hot water under pressure, is found in 
the fact that the latter method uses 
closed coils for circulation and obtains 
the desired pressure from an elevated 
feed tank. With the pressure system two- 
inch wrought iron pipe is used for the 
radiating surface, these having air cocks 
placed at the highest point of each run 
of piping, in order to allow of the re¬ 
moval of any accumulation of air in the 
pipes. The feed tank may be placed 
at any height desired above the boiler, 
and is preferably connected to the return 
pipe near the boiler, and thus does not 
interfere with the circulation in any 
way. The pressure on the boiler may be 
roughly estimated by allowing two feet 
of elevation for one pound of pressure; 
The following are very desirable varie¬ 
ties: Bartlett, Seckel, Anjou, Sheldon 
and Winter Nelis. I know of no reason 
why they would not do well on the Sud¬ 
duth, if grafted in the Spring. Pear 
trees are subject to blight when from 
six to 10 years old, especially if they are 
making a luxuriant growth such as 
newly grafted trees do. It is well, there¬ 
fore, to keep a close watch the first 
year, and to withhold all nitrogenous 
fertilizers. m. crawford. 
Ohio. 
“For the Land’s Sake, use Bowker’s 
Fertilizers; they enrich the earth and 
those who till it.”—Adv. 
ANHOUR 
FORYOURTIME 
Does If 
L.A.Flinker, 
sworn state¬ 
ment says: "I 
earn one to three dollars 
every hour devoted to sale of 'Keenoli.' 
Always make $50.00 to $150.00 a week, 
regular." Others doing just as good. 
Flinker saw great opportunity “KEENOH" offers, grasp¬ 
ed it and won. You can do same. You have equal chance 
to beat biggest record. Men in every walk of life want 
to shave with comfort, and quickly buy "KEENGH,” be¬ 
cause it is the great razor sharpener, the only one that 
hones as well asstrops any kind of razor-old style orsafe- 
ty-and does it like magic. Ends every razor trouble: makes 
shaving a pleasure. Guaranteed to keep razor sharp for 
life. Every test proves‘‘KEENOH ’ most wonderful in¬ 
vention of the age. Agents say ' KEENOH ' fastest order 
getter and biggest money maker they ever saw-all building 
permanent business of their own. we help them do it by 
big advertising campaign. Exclusive territory given. 
Certainly splendid opportunity. Write for particulars. 
THE “KEENOH" CO., 200 Keenoh Blg.,Detroit,Mich. 
F> 
Fences Cost the Least 
and give the most 
returns of any im¬ 
provements on the 
farm 
Look around and see the farmer 
who has money in the bank and 
who buys another quarter-section 
every few years. See his farm 
—it is fenced hog-tight. What 
is good for him is good for you. 
Enough feed is wasted on the av¬ 
erage quarter-section of unfenced 
fields to feed a large drove of 
hogs. 
Any American Fence dealer will 
quote you figures that may aston¬ 
ish you on fencing your farm with 
heavy, hog-tight fence. You have 
no idea how little money it takes, 
considering what you will actually 
save. 
American Fence is made of hard, 
stiff steel. It is made of a quality 
of wire drawn expressly for woven- 
wire-fence purposes by the largest 
manufacturers of wire in the world. 
Galvanized by the latest improved 
process—the best that the skill and 
experience of years has taught. 
Built on the elastic, hinged-joint 
(patented) principle, which effect¬ 
ively protects the stay or upright 
wires from breaking under hard 
usage. 
The real test of a fence is the service 
you get out of it. Test, judge and 
compare American Fence under any and 
all conditions and you will find that the 
steel, the structure and the galvanizing 
are equal in durability, strength and 
efficiency to the hardest usage. 
F. Baackes, Vice-Pres. & Gen. Sales Agent 
American Steel & Wire Co. 
Chicago New York Denver San Francisco 
NOTE— Dealers Everywhere. See the one In your town 
and have him show you the different designs and give 
prices. Also get from hint booklet entitled “HOW TO 
BUILD A CHEAP CONCRETE PENCE POST,” furnished 
Iree for the asking. 
FENCE %ZS222.* 
Madeof High Carbon Double Strength 
Colled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to 
prevent rust. Have no agents. Sell at 
factory prices on 30 days’ free trial. 
We pay a 11 freight. 37 heights of farm 
and poultry fence. Catalog Free. 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Bos 263 Winchester, Indiana. 
Fence 
Buyers 
I Want to Send 
This Free Book 
you buy a rod of 
Take my word for 
. it will pay you to give 
me the chance. It’s a 
book about 
EMPIRE 
AH-N0.-9 Big Wire Fence 
I’ve bad my say about fence In this 
book and I want you to read it. Most 
profitable fence in the world to buy, 
as I'll show you. 
THERE'S A NEW THING ABOUT IT 
It’s now sold delivered to fence-buyers every¬ 
where—not just In certain sections, but every¬ 
where In the U. S. Plainly priced in the book 
(factory prices) and the factory pays the freight 
to your railroad station. 
Send me a card or letter for book right away. 
I’m going to send out 45,000 of these books to 
farmers this fall, but I’ll get them out promptly. 
Address FARMER JONES, Fence Man for 
BOND STEEL POST CO. 
23 E. Maumee SI. Adrian, Mich. 
4_§_$_ 
t T I T 
txet 
jE t T 
? - 1 
x f 
>p- 
L i **' — *'* 
T_T 
-t 
A WELL 
KEPT FARM 
should always havo^ 
its fences In good'-^^ 
order. The fence ques-^ 
tlon can be settled per¬ 
manently by erecting i 
SUPERIOR 
WIRE FENCE 
| No more repairs—no more ex-"^j 
pense. It always stays tight and 
will be perfectly good when you 
are ready to retire and turn the M 
farm over to your children. Also 
Steel Gates for every purpose. 
Prices Low Easy Terms 
^ Let us send our Free catalog ex- 
plaining how we can give such w 
extraordinary fence value for so 
little money. 
THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. . 
Dept. 0. Cleveland, Ohio I 
LAWN FENCE 
Many designs. Cheap as 
wood. 32 page Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to 
Churches and Cemeteries. 
Coiled Spring Fence Co, ' 
Box 3 i 4 Winchester, Ind. 
14§ Cents a Rod 
L —-For22-In.HogFence;158-4efor®=5|S=j- 
26-lnch; 18 8-4e for 31-inch; 22e 
for 34-lnch; 25e for a 47-Inch 
Farm Fence. 60-Inch Poultry 
Fence 33c. Sold on 30 days 
trial. 80 rod spool Ideal Barb 
Wire $1.55 Catalogue free. 
KITSELMAN BROS., 
Box 230 MUNCIE, IND. 
For Rabbits, 
_ . Chickens, Hogs, Sheep, 
'JT Horses, Cattle. 160 styles. Big 
heavy No. 9 galvanized Coiled 
Spring rust proof wires. Will defy 
Stock, wind and weather. Free sample 
& cat'g. 15 to 35c per rod. We pay freight 
The Brown Fence & Wire Co, 
Dept. 59 Cleveland, O. 
CE 
| IMPROVED CLARK’S DOUBLE ACTION 
CUTAWAY HARROW 
I The most wonderful farm tool ever Invented. 
Two harrows In one. Throws the dirt out, then 
in, leaving the land level and true. 
XA A labor savor, a time saver. Per- 
feet center draft. Jointed Pole. 
Beware of imitations and in¬ 
fringements. fiend today for 
FREE Booklet. 
-a . CUTAWAY HARROW CO. 
J A 839 Main St., 
/V ^^^iDkganum, Conn. 
STAR GRINDERS STRONG 
A plain, practical mill; construct¬ 
ed along simple lines and does its 
work right. A grinder built to 
cover the farmer’s needs. 
We make other styles — Sweep 
and Belt —and all have STAR 
quality. 
Write today for Froo booklet 
and prices. 
The Star Manufacturing Compant 
1 3 Depot Street 
New Lexington, Ohio 
This sawing rig fills a long 
felt want for sawing large 
timber. It is simple, durable and the most 
practical straight-line sawing rig on the market. 
The Ireland 
Straight-Line Drag 
Sawing Machine 
We also make circular saw rigs, saw and shingle mills. 
Write for full information and prices. 
IRELAND MACHINE & FOUNDRY COMPANY, 
14 State Street, NORWICH, NEW YORK. 
“Farmers’ Favorite” 
Feed Cooker and Boiler 
nandv for any number of uses on 
the farm—such as sugar-making, 
canning, cooking feed, heating 
water, sterilizing milk cans, etc. 
Good for heating shop or cellar. 
Safe economical, inexpensive and 
made to wear for years. Write 
for free illustrated circular. 
LEWIS MFG. CO., Box C, Cortland, N. Y. 
AGENTS 20# % pRofiti 
**^** <- * 1 4 Handy, Automatic 
HAME FASTENER 
)o away with old hame strap, 
iorse owners and teamsters 
vild about them. Fasten 
the harness. Money back if 
not satisfactory. Write today for confidential terms to agents. 
F. Thomas Mfg. Co., 865 Wayne St., Dayton, Ohio 
CAHOON SEED 
Saves buying expensive drills. Most 
perfect broadcast sower for all grain 
and grass seed. Accurate, simple, 
durable. Made of steel, iron and brass. Lasts a life time. 
Saves time, saves seed and gives bigger crops. 
Highest priced sower made, but pays for itself many times yearly. If 
your dealer cannot supply you, we will deliver the Cahoon to any 
express office east of the Mississippi River on receipt of $4. Send for 
“Seed Sowers’ Manuals” tells howto p 
less seed. It’s Free. 
produce bigger crops with 
GOODELL CO.. 14 MAIN ST., ANTRIM. NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
