©2 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 22. 
A SUNKEN SILO. 
Will a silo dug in the ground and 
cemented like a cistern, keep silage right? 
Some have told mo that it will do to go 
down five or six feet, but does not do well 
to go deeper than that. Can you tell me 
whether it will do as well in the ground as 
on top? If it will, it would be much 
cheaper. j. c. g. 
Staunton, Va. 
The principle of silo construction is 
that it must be airtight and, if sunk in 
the ground, water, must be kept out. 
The question of constructing the silo 
above or below the level of the ground 
is therefore a matter of convenience and 
economy in its construction and use. 
The objections which have heretofore 
practically discouraged the construction 
of underground silos are that it is very 
inconvenient to feed from such a silo 
as soon as the silage is used down a few 
feet below the feeding floor, and it is 
almost impossible to make it water-tight 
without a free drain from the bottom 
of the pit. A few cases of a poisonous 
gas forming in an underground silo have 
been reported, but I have never seen 
anything of this nature, c. s. greene. 
FEEDING FOR EGGS. 
What do you think of my plan of feeding 
for eggs? I am trying the Maine Experi¬ 
ment Station plan of feeding,* which is 
dry mash kept before them all the time, 
consisting of two parts shorts, one part 
gluten, one part linseed meal, one part mid¬ 
dlings. one part ground Alfalfa, one part 
beef scraps, and one part cornmeal. Early 
in the morning I feed four quarts of cracked 
corn; at noon two quarts wheat and two 
quarts of oats and two good-sized beets. 
They have oyster shells and grit before 
them all the time. I allow this whole grain 
to 100 liens fed in litter. My breed is 
White Plymouth Rock pullets hatched March 
7. They all look well and are ' in good 
health. My houses are 12 by 30 feet, I keep 
80 pullets in a house. They arc out in the 
yards every pleasant day, and two hours 
before dark they are turned out on unlimit¬ 
ed grass range. 
I am getting from 13 to 17 eggs a day 
from each pen. As I have not'tried this 
way of feeding long, I want to know if any¬ 
one else has tried it, as I think I ought to 
getting more eggs from 80 hens. The masli 
mixture cost me $1.72 per hundred pounds 
here. g. s. 
Whitman, Mass. 
This method of feeding can be im¬ 
proved in several ways. First, I would 
not feed the linseed meal, because our 
hens do not like it and no matter how 
high a feed analyses, if the hens dislike 
it, it is not profitable to feed. Second, it 
is better to feed the beef scrap in sepa¬ 
rate hoppers, where the dry mash system 
of feeding is used. We feed the grain 
ration, corn, wheat, barley and oats all 
mixed together and would never think 
of measuring it out, but feed just what 
they need, judging by the way they 
start eating the first handful thrown 
out to them. We often go through a 
house giving one pen just a handful, and 
find the next pen hungry, and this may 
be the reason that these pullets are not 
laying better, for although the hoppers 
of mash will help balance up, a hen must 
be happy to lay. f. q. white. 
OIL HEATER FOR BROODER; EGG-PRO¬ 
DUCING BREED. 
1. Could an oil beater be used in a brood¬ 
er bouse in late Winter or early Spring, or 
would it be liable to contaminate the air? 
2. As egg producers are the Lcgliorns still 
considered the best, and how do Rhode 
Island Reds rank in this respect? r. f. b. 
Ridgefield, Conn. 
1. Yes, an oil heater can be used in 
a brooder house, but 'it should only be 
used in an emergency to supplement the 
heat from the brooder heater during a 
severe cold snap, as it uses up the oxy¬ 
gen and so vitiates the air, besides giv¬ 
ing off injurious fumes. 
2. As egg producers there is no other 
breed the equal of the Leghorns. This 
statement is not made because of pre¬ 
judice, or because we are White Leg¬ 
horn breeders, or only our own experi¬ 
ence, but from the records of years' 
work at experiment stations. Taking 
years’ averages Leghorns produce more 
eggs at a greater profit than other 
breeds. The R. I. Reds are good birds, 
with table qualities, and considered a 
general-purpose hen. but they are not 
the equal of the Leghorn as an egg ma¬ 
chine. FLOYD Q. WHITE. 
While I have had no experience in 
growing or grafting the Sudduth pear, 
I see no reason why M. H. R., page 5, 
should not succeed in grafting on it the 
Bose, Lawrence, Winter Nelis or any 
other of the standard sorts. I have the 
Bose, Winter Nelis and Bartlett all top- 
grafted on the Kieffer that have been 
bearing several years, and seem to be at 
home. The Flemish Beauty is no longer 
grown here as a commercial sort. 
Grafting on the old trees I think prefer¬ 
able to budding. s. D. willard. 
New York. 
THOSE “PARALYZED” COWS. 
On page 1028 the Hope Farm man gives 
several cases of cows unable to get upon 
their feet from the effects of eating apples 
or other causes. We are apple-eating club 
folks, and do not ike to read any dispar¬ 
agement of our favorite apple. For the 
last 25 years I have been in the habit of 
allowing my cattle, 20 to 30 head, to go 
freely into my orchards (50 acres), after 
apple picking time, and eat anything and 
everything they wanted, just as we allow 
our boys to‘ do. The cattle wander through 
the orchard for a time, picking up an 
apple here and there; then strike off for 
the pasture. This they do two or three 
times during the day. In this way they 
clean up the refuse, eating 100 to 200 
bushels of apples during the Fall and 
Winter. One orchard of about five acres 
we have fenced for a hog lot, where the 
hogs get everything that falls during the 
season. The only bad effects we have had 
from admitting our cows to our apple¬ 
eating club occurred several, years ago, 
when I discovered a large Holstein cow 
staggering and exhibiting all -the symp¬ 
toms of being drunk. She slunk off into 
the brush and lay down, refusing to get 
up when I invited her to do so. Thinking 
it best for all drunken people to be al¬ 
lowed to sleep off the effects of their spree 
quietly, I left her to her own devices. In 
three or four days she was around with 
the rest, apparently none the worse for her 
indiscretion. I am not taking any part in 
the discussion as to whether drunkenness 
is a vice to which cows may become ad¬ 
dicted, only stating facts. l’our corre¬ 
spondent, A. O., writes about his cow fill¬ 
ing rip on apples and being unable to get 
up. The veterinarian gave her medicine 
and decided that a cow lying three or 
four days loses the use of her limbs from 
paralysis. You; also give me your experi¬ 
ence with a cow that had filled up on' 
apples and corn. As your cow was unable- 
to get upon her feet, veterinarian gave her 
strychnine, and used a 'derrick to raise ber- 
to her feet, but could not make her stand. 
Now, I have two more, cases to meet 
those. A few years ago, not in apple 
eating time, we founds one of our cows 
lying down, and unable' to rise. For three 
weeks she lay there, and every day I gave 
her. meal and hay, and all' the water she 
would drink. Being' near a deep ravine, 
in her efforts to get up, she rolled off the' 
bank to the bottom of our road. It was 
necessary to get her. out of that.. W'e 
hitched a team to her heck-and drew her 
up the hill, some. 50. feet; with a rise'of 
20 feet; then hauled lifer some ‘dozen rods 
further into a cornfield'.so that the other 
animals would not trouble her. ,Of course, 
we had no expectation-of ever seeing her 
on her feet, again, and our veterinarian 
and other neighbors said we ought to 
knock her in the head. But in such eases 
I always let nature take its course. In 
a few days, going one morning with feed 
and water, I was surprised, not to, find her. 
It occurred to me that perhaps wolves had 
carried lier off in the-’ night. But' upon 
looking around I .found hey. walking ; about 
the field, helping - herself t o corn. Though 
very thin, she rallied, and in a few days 
was apparently as well as .ever, and re¬ 
mained so for several years after. In this 
case the cow lay.-over three..weeks without 
getting on her feet, and according to your 
veterinarians she shovild have been thor¬ 
oughly paralyzed. 
Another, case : A two-year-old heifer was 
found one morning in her stall with a 
dead calf. She seemed entirely helpless, 
not even able to raise her head. . Being 
in a stall near the door, we hitched a 
horse to her and hauled her out. . During 
the first week all I could get her to eat 
was a handful of bran mash that I put 
into her mouth each day. Thus she lay 
for three weeks, most of the time unable 
to stir her limbs or her head. Our veter¬ 
inarian prescribed some kind of medicine, 
and told me to get a derrick and raise her 
upon her feet, as she would be paralyzed, 
if not so already. But I told him I should 
not administer the medicine nor raise her 
with a derrick. The time was in early 
Spring, and we had snow or rain, at which 
times I covered her with blankets and hay. 
In the fourth week she got up aione. Now, 
with all respect for the Hope Farm man, 
I must say that if I had treated these two 
cows as you and your correspondent A. O. 
treated them, I should have done as you 
did, killed the cows. This last cow I men¬ 
tioned became one of my best. When m.v 
cows get into trouble, m.v method is to let 
nature take its course, and they generally 
come out all right. I think in such cases 
we get at them altogether too soon. My 
remedy is: let them alone. Veterinarians 
may tell us. as he told you and me. that 
a cow lying three or four days will be¬ 
come paralyzed, but my experience teaches 
me the contrary. o. D. HOWE. 
Pawnee Co., Neb. 
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CREAMERY PACKAGE MFG. CO. 
888 WEST ST.. RUTLAND, VT. 
SILOS 
Recognized as the standard because of 
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