1910. 
THE 
CONTENTS 
Tub Hr kal New-Yorker, January 2U, 1910. 
farm topics. 
Draining Swamp Land... ‘V 
Sweet Clover as a Fertilizer........... ^1 
Some "Moon Planting" Traditions rested H 
Nitrogen in Fertilizers...... JL. 
Starting an Asparagus Held. j~ 
\ Maryland Rotation. i~ 
Farm Drainage. ; -.•;•••• . 
Valne of Tanbark Ash. *■* 
I*rice of Buckwheat. <4 
Starving the Farm. 
preparing for Clover. .. i* 
Ysparagiis on Overtlowed Land. <4 
Chemicals for Potato Fertilizer. 7.j 
How Shall I Build My Barn. <5 
Machine for Stump Boring. C.) 
That Corn Crop.. 
\n Abandoned Farm Comes Back. SO 
Second Crop Seed Potatoes North. SO 
Pomace as a Fertilizer. SO 
Crimson Clover. .. o 
Value of Coal Ashes. SO 
Farmer's Share of Oatmeal. SO 
A Stale Poisons Prairie Dogs. 81 
Hope Farm Notes. 82 
<;rinding Bone for Fertilizer. 82 
Farmers' Week at Cornell. 8‘J 
Best Roof for a Barn. 90 
A Sunken Silo. ■•••• . 
When to Use Potato Fertilizer. 9.» 
Cotton Mill Waste for Fertilizer. 95 
Dry Cornstalks in the Silo. 97 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Questions About Geese. 74 
Early Lambs. 74 
Big COWS. "4 
Potatoes for Poultry. 80 
Boarded Cellar for Brooder. 80 
A Plea for the Flock.88, 89 
Dry Fodder and Corn Silage. 89 
• Butter Machines”. 89 
Shoe Boil. 89 
Rheumatism. 89 
Scratches. 89 
Sweet Cream Butter. 89 
The Milk Inquiry. 89 
Two Ways of Hatching. !)() 
Indigestion in Horse. 90 
Eczema. 90 
Scours.90 
Feeding for Eggs. 92 
Oil Heater for Brooders; Egg Producing 
Breed.92 
Those “Paralyzed” Cows. 92 
More About Those Dying Chicks. 93 
Henhouse Construction.94 
Raising English Pheasants. 94 
Feeding Value of Buckwheat. 94 
Frauds in Fur Sales. 94 
Caring for the Early Lambs. 95 
Corn and Cob for Horses. 90 
Profitable Pork in Western N. Y. 96 
Shredded Corn Fodder. 96 
Hornless Cattle. 96 
A Standard Milk Ration. 97 
Ration for Jersey Heifers. 97 
Feed for Heifer.. 97 
A Dairy Ration. 97 
Wintering Young Stock. 97 
HORTICULTURE. 
New England Apple Show Winners. .69, 70 
Strange Tropical Fruit Culture. 71 
Wonderberry as a Weed. 72 
Manure for an Iowa Garden. 73 
The San Jose Scale .. 73 
June Drop of Peaches. 74 
Cyanide Fumigation . 74 
Pennsylvania Peaches and Japan Plums. 74 
Campbell's Early Grape Disappointing.. 74 
Scraping and Whitewashing Trees. 74 
A Maryland Orchard in New Land.... 75 
Ordering Strawberry Plants from a 
Distance.75 
State Fruit Growers' Meeting. 81 
New Method of Budding Pecans. 76 
More About White Gladioli. 83 
Heating a Hotbed . 83 
How to Grow Asters . 83 
The Avocado Pear. 83 
•The Skinner System of Irrigation. 93 
WOMAN AND THE HOME 
From Day to Day . 86 
Conserves; Loaf Chocolate Cake. 80 
Virginia Ilam . 86 
The Rural Patterns.87 
Farm Butter-Making in Nebraska. 87* 
MISCELLANEOUS 
The Sehool Question in New York.... 70 
A Sociable Swarm . 71 
Electricity for Rheumatism. 78 
Tee Factories for Cold Countries. 79 
Fence Along Railroad. 80 
Widow’s Right to Wood. 80 
Naturalization of Minor Children. 80 
Editorials. 84 
Obituary. 89 
Products, Prices and Trade . 93 
Publisher’s Desk . 98 
MARKETS 
Prices current at New York during week ending 
January 14. 1 ‘.HO. wholesale except where other¬ 
wise indicated. The retail prices given do not, as 
a rule, cover either the highest or lowest sales, but 
show what the bulk of consumers of moderate 
means pay for small quantities of produce bought 
in Fulton, Washington. Jefferson Markets, etc., 
and up-town grocery stores. "Retail” is rather 
an indelimte word, but in this column It means 
less than barrel or other original package lots of 
fruits and vegetables, less than tubs of butter, 
cases of eggs. etc. The trade of commission mer¬ 
chants is strictly wholesale. The retail prices 
given are those secured by grocers and small deal¬ 
ers who receive no direct shipments. 
BUTTER 
Wholesale 
Retail 
Creamery, fancy, lb 
... .35 © 36 
.38© 
.42 
Good to Choice.... 
... .30 ® .33 
32® 
.35 
Lower Grades_ 
... .26 @ .28 
28® 
.31 
State Dairy, best_ 
... .29 © .32 
.30© 
.34 
Common to Good., 
... .25 ® .28 
•27@ 
.29 
Factory. 
.24@ 
.20 
Packing Stock. 
... .21 @ .24 
MILK. 
New York Exchange price $2.01 per 
40-quart can, netting 4 \i cents to 
shippers in the 20-ceut freight zone 
who have no additional station 
charges. 
.qt. 
.09® 
.12 
CHEESE 
Full Cream, best... 
.20® 
.24 
Common to Good. 
... .12 ® .15 
.16® 
.18 
Skims. 
.10® 
.12 
EGGS 
Fancy White, doz... 
... .45 © .48 
.50® 
.60 
White, good to choice. .35 @ .42 
.38® 
.40 
Mixed Colors, best.. 
... .35 @ .38 
.40® 
.42 
Common to Good. 
... .25 ® .30 
.30® 
.32 
Storage. 
BEANS 
Marrow, bu.... 
... 2.50 © 2.95 qt. 
.15 
Medium. 
Pea. 
.12 
Ked Kidney. 
... 2..->0 © 2.85 
White Kidney.. 
.. 3.00 © 3.30 
Yellow Eye. 
RUHAL NEW-VURKEK 
e© 
HOPS 
Prime to Choice. 
.35 
© .3f> 
t'ommon to Good. 
.25 
® .30 
German. New Crop.... 
.68 
@ .72 
DRIED FRUITS 
Apples, evap. fancy... 
.10 
© 11 
.16 
Kvap., com. to good. 
.00 
@ .0!) 
.09® 
.13 
Hun Dried. 
@ .07 
Chops. 100 lbs. 
1.75 
© 1.85 
Cherries. 
.16 
® .17 lb. 
.22® 
.26 
Raspberries. 
.22 
® M2'4 lb. 
.25*S) 
.26 
Huckleberries. 
.11 
@ .12 
FRESH FRUITS 
Apples. Hubb'n, bbl... 
2.00 
@ 3.00 
York Imperial. 
3.00 
© 4.50 
Spitz. 
2.00 
@ 3.50 
Spy. 
2.00 
(<ii .{.50 
King. 
© 4.25 
Baldwin. 
® 4.00 
Greening. 
© 5.00 
Jonathan. 
© 4.50 
Western, box. 
2.00 
© 4.00 
Cranberries, 
Cape Cod, bbl. 
4 00 
® 6.00 
New Jersey. 
4.00 
® 4.25 
Strawberries. Fla., qt.. 
.50 
© .65 
VEGETABLES 
Potatoes. 
Bermuda, bbl. 
4.00 
@ 5.00 
Maine. 165 lbs. 
1.60 
@ 1.90 
Jersey and Pa., bbl... 
1.35 
© 1.75 
Long Island. 
1.75 
® 2.25 
Sweet Potatoes, bbl.. 
1.50 
@ 2.50 
Brussels Sprouts, qt... 
.06 
© .10 
Carrots, bbl. 
1.00 
© 1.25 
Cabbage, ton. 
18.00 
©30.00 
Cauliflowers, bbl. 
.<o 
© 4.00 
Celery, doz. 
.10 
@ .45 
Cucumbers. Fla. bu.... 
1.25 
© 2.25 
Lettuce, bbl. 
.75 
® 4 00 
Peas, H bbl. bkt. 
2.00 
@ 8.00 
Peppers, 
Fla. Carrier. 
1.50 
© 3.00 
Onions, state, bag. 
1.00 
© 2.25 
Orange Co., bag. 
1 00 
© 1.87 
ltomaine, bbl. 
.75 
© 5.00 
String Beans, bu. 
1.00 
® 4.50 
Spinach, bbl. 
1.50 
@ 2.25 
Squash. Hubbard, bbl. 
1.00 
© 1.75 
Tomatoes. 
Fla.,20-qt. carrier... 
1.25 
© 2.00 
Turnips, White, bbl.... 
.50 
@ 1.00 
each .03® .05 
HOTHOUSE PRODUCTS 
Cucumbers, No. 1 doz. 1.00 © 1.25 
No. 2, box. 2.50 © 3.50 
Mushrooms, lb... 
Toma'oes. lb 
.15 © .40 
.10 © .20 
Radishes, 100 bunches. 2.00 ® 3.00 
DIVE POULTRY 
Chickens, lb.1 0F6© 
Fowls.18 ® 
Roosters.12 @ 
Dncks.18 © 
Geese.13 ® .15 
Turkeys.13 © .17 
DRESSED POULTRY 
Turkevs. Fey. 
.25 
® .26 
•2S® 
.30 
Common to Good.... 
.20 
® .24 
.22® 
.26 
Chickens, roasting_ 
.24 
© .27 
.26© 
.29 
Good to Choice. 
.18 
@ .22 
.19® 
.24 
Common Run. 
.14 
® .16 
.15® 
.18 
Capons, fancy.. 
.28 
© .30 
Common to Good.... 
«)‘> 
© .25 
Fowls. 
.12 
® .17 
.15© 
.21 
Ducks, Spring. 
.12 
® .21 
.18® 
.24 
Geese. 
@ .20 
Squabs, doz. 
1.50 
® 5.00 
LIVE STOCK 
Native Steers, 100 lbs.. 
5.00 
fa) B.60 
Bulls. 
3.00 
© 5.00 
Cows. 
2.00 
© 4.50 
Calves. 
Prime Veal, 100 lb... 
7.00 
©11.00 
Culls. 
4.50 
© 5.00 
Sheep, 100 lbs. 
© 4.25 
Lambs. 
7.60 
© 9.30 
Hugs. 
© 9.00 
COUNTRY DRESSED MEATS 
Calves, lb.08 ® .12 
Lambs, 
Hothouse, head .8.00 @11.00 
Pork, 100 lbs.11.00 @12.50 
BOSTON WHOLESALE MARKETS. 
Butter, Best Creamery.34@ .341^ 
Fair to Good.32@ .33 
Eggs, Fancy.4U@ .41 
Good to Choice.35@ .38 
Lower Grades.27@ .34 
Apples, bbl. 2.50@ 4.50 
CLEVELAND, OHIO 
Bntter. Prime.3i@ .36 
Lower Grades.28® .32- 
Eggs. .25® .35 
A DEAL IN SEED POTATOES. 
Your article on “A Deal in Alfalfa 
Seed” on page 2, in reference to the 
Moore Seed Co. of Philadelphia, re¬ 
called a shady transaction in seed po¬ 
tatoes by this firm of seedsmen in which 
I figured as the victim. As a market 
gardener I use a trial plot for the test¬ 
ing of new varieties of grains and veg¬ 
etables, and when the Noroton Beauty 
potato came out I ordered a peck of 
them from this firm. They were received 
in due time and planted with great care, 
but I noticed at the time of planting 
that the eyes showed no sign of vitality, 
and that the tubers had none of the 
characteristic pink splashes and pink 
eyes, as described by Thorburn. I im¬ 
mediately marked them as not true to 
name. Twelve stalks rewarded my care 
in planting, and about 800 hills never 
came up, although weather conditions 
were favorable, and other varieties 
planted at the same time by their side 
came ttp well. I had paid a “long” price 
for this seed, and I called the attention 
of the firm to the fact that they had 
been injured in storage before I re¬ 
ceived them. In reply I was promised 
another peck the next Spring if I or¬ 
dered seed from them, which I did, and 
received a peck of large white potatoes 
which germinated well, but without 
one true Noroton among them. I then 
notified the firm that I was through 
with them, and have sent no orders 
since. J. Andrew casterline. 
New Jersey. 
CUCUMBERS UNDER GLASS. 
F. L. IF., Marlboro, Mass .—I am inter¬ 
ested in a small greenhouse, 15 by 35 
feet, but I cannot seem to make a go of it. 
Cucumbers come up in a week or 10 days, 
grow well, and about when the heart leaves 
start topple over. Do I keep them too dry, 
or what is the cause? My house is piped 
with four-inch pipe around the house and 
one down each walk. Will that furnish 
the required bottom heat? If not, how 
should they be managed? 
Ans. —It is perhaps an irregular tem¬ 
perature that is giving F. L. W. so much 
trouble with the cucumbers, which is 
ciuite frequently the case in small green¬ 
houses. The cucumber is very sensitive 
to sudden changes, either from a warm 
to a cool temperature or from a dry to 
a damp atmosphere. They should be 
given a day temperature of 75 or 80, 
and at night it should not fall below 60. 
Plant the seed in fiats in rows about 
two inches apart; transplant to pots or 
cubes when character leaf begins to 
form, grow them slowly without check 
until the plants are strong and stalky; 
then transfer to where they are to grow 
still maintaining a steady even tempera¬ 
ture. T. M. WHITE. 
WINTER CARE OF COWS. 
We are sending milk to city on trolley 
about 14 miles away, price 16 cents per 
gallon delivered. It costs 1% cent per gal¬ 
lon to send and empties are delivered back 
free. We have 20 Ayrshire cows, three 
fresh, remainder to freshen in Spring, but 
we are sending 120 quarts daily, which 
tests four per cent butter fat: have no si¬ 
lage or corn fodder, just mixed hay and 
grain ration. I have a heater under my 
water tank; the cows are turned out in 
the morning about one hour, unless it 
storms too hard, and also at four o'clock, 
and it would please any farmer to see them 
fill up with that warm water, and they 
look as if they would burst; then they go 
for the fence or tree tops to have a good 
time scratching. I have free gas for fuel 
and light on farm, so water in tank is 
always warm, night and day. The heater 
is one of my own design and only cost me 
for material about $2. Some others have 
been made after it around here. Warm 
water helps make the milk, and my cows 
are all plump and fat. I was quite inter¬ 
ested in article on page 1106 about poison 
of wild cherry leaves, as 1 lost four head 
of young cattle this season and two two 
years ago running in woods pasture and 
one of my neighbors lost four last Fall after 
frost came. n. o. c. 
Allegany Co., N. Y. 
Trees for Line Fence Planting. 
T. J. L.j Sullivan Co., N. Y .—I am in¬ 
tending to set out fruit trees on my seven- 
acre farm next Spring, and wish to utilize 
the land along all the fences; line, barn¬ 
yard and chicken-yard rences. I want 
them partly for shade and wind-breaks on 
northwest, north and northeast, exposures. 
Is not the upright habit of cherries and 
pears more suitable than apples for such a 
situation? Or can I plant any kind, only 
choosing hardy varieties and prune to the 
desired shape, noi too branching? What 
varieties are especially suitable for north¬ 
ern exposures? The land Is a good sandy 
loam, sloping toward the east 25 feet in 
400. 
Pennsylvania apple growers are finding 
much cause for satisfaction from the fact 
that a box of Pennsylvania apples. Grimes 
and Stavmau Winesap, was declared by 
competent judges to be superior in appear- 
auce and quality to a box of Oregon apples, 
Spitzenbergs and Yellow Newtowns, at the 
meeting of the State Grange held last week. 
These apples were exhibited at the annual 
fruit show of the horticultural department 
of the Pennsylvania State College. It was 
held this year during the State Grange meet¬ 
ing. and was probably viewed by at least 
2,000 persons. There were on exhibition 
500 plates of apples and pears, representing 
over 100 named varieties donated by about 
50 individual growers and Granges, and 
came from 21 counties, representing all 
sections of the State. Pennsylvania has 
been a little slow to realize tier horticul¬ 
tural possibilities, but is taking hold now 
with a vengeance. At the meeting of the 
Pennsylvania State Grange held December 
20-23, a resolution was adopted recom¬ 
mending to the Legislature the appropria¬ 
tion of $175,000 for a horticultural building 
at the Pennsylvania State College. w. 
Value of Coal Ashes. —As an interested 
reader of your paper, I have seen frequent 
references to the use of coal ashes and their 
effect on the soil. Having noticed that po¬ 
tatoes seemed to flourish in soil which was 
largely coal ashes, I determined to try an 
experiment. Last Spring tomato plants came 
up very thick in a deep pile of coal ashes 
which I had placed to fill a depression back 
of an adjoining building which I desired 
later to remove. So rapidly did the plants 
grow that I made up my mind to thin them 
out and to give them a chance to fruit. 
While a little later than the plants which 
were planted in my garden, they fruited 
nicely, the fruit being very choice. After 
the frosts came I pulled up the plants to 
make sure that the roots had not reached 
through the coal ashes and into the soil 
below but such was not the ease. Query: 
Docs chemistry give us the whole truth 
concerning tlie plant-feeding value of coal 
ashes? e. D. w. 
New York. 
R. N.-Y.—We think so, hut we believe 
these results are due more to the mechanical 
effect of the ashes to hold moisture or fer¬ 
tility. 
TO BE ABLE TO GET OUR GOODS 
WINSOR & NEWTON’S, Ltd. 
LONDON 
Artists’ Materials 
*Ihe j WATER COLOR BOX FITTED 
Idealj OIL COLOR BOX FITTED 
With our colors and brushes, and book ot •n.OO Faph 
instructions, by express paid for . . . V“ ‘-dull 
Office and Salesroom : 298 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. USA. 
MONTROSS METAL SHINGLES 
resint wear. Sent rooting sold. Made over 20 
years. Inexpensive. Fireproof. Ornamental. 
Catalogue Alontroaa Company, Camden, N. J. 
A Widow, to close an estate, will sell 
500 THOROUGHBRED 
HOMER PIGEONS 
Mated. Produce Squabs weighing 12 to 13 ounces each. 
Make offer. Write. 
Box 116, R.F.D., No. 5, New Brunswick, N. J. 
FOR C A I P —Burred and Buff Kock Pullets, yearling 
lUn mALiC hetiB and cockR from my 17r»-egK strain, and 
blue ribbon winners. AddrcsB—FOUR ACRES, Nutley, N. J. 
W HITE HOLLAND TURKF.Y8, Duston’s White Wvandottest 
White African Guineas ami Keg. Holstein Bull Calves* 
Satisfaction guaranteed. WALNUT HILL STOCK FAKJb 
Nathaniel Bacon, Mgr,, Talcott, W. Ya. 
PARTRIDGE COCHINS 
Cockerels $2.00 to $3.00. Pullets $1.50 each. 
Selected Breeding Pen, 10 Pullets and 1 Cockerel, 
$25.00. MINCH BROS, Bridgeton, N. J. 
RHODE ISLAND REDS 
Make big money for breeders. Easy 
to care for, too. Farmers prefer them 
to all others. •• Eggs to Hatch " 10 
cents each, |8 per ioo. My new 
hook, sent for 20 cents, tells how 
raise the Reds and make ’em pay 
Real color pictures show them 
to life. With each copy goes coi 
good for aoc. on your first egg 
WALTER SHERMAN 
25 Boulevard Newport R. I. 
S. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS FOR SAFE.— 
Hatched last April. Fine large laying pullets, $1.25. 
Grand Cockerels, $3.00. Safe delivery guaranteed. 
ST. MORITZ FARM, Ramsey, N. J. 
W. H. TURKEYS, PURE BRED, 
MKS. B. F, WRIGHT, llansoinville, N. Y. 
S HEPHERD PUPPIES, not Collies, black 
with white and yellow points, $3.00 each. SINGLE 
COMB WHITE LEGHORNS— Eggs for hatching from 
yearling hens, $4.00 per hundred. 
E. I). FORMAN, R.F.D. 1, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 
pi.EASE send a trial shipment to the Oldest Com- 
r mission House in New York. Est. 1838. Butter, 
Eggs. Poultry, Pork. Calves. Hay, Grain. Beans, 
Apples, etc. K. R. WOOPWAKP, 802 (IretMinieli St., N. Y. 
EGGS, POULTRY, MEATS, PRODUCE 
Shipments Solicited. JELL1FFE, WRIGHT «L* CO., 
Commission Merchants, 2S4 Washington Si., New York. 
WANTED 
A RELIABLE EXPERIENCED MAN TO ACT AS FOREMAN 
On our fruit farm, consisting of 50 acres of fruit 
trees, which is part of a farm of 575 acres, on which 
we have one of the finest herds of Guernseys in 
America. Married man preferred. References re¬ 
quired. 
C. H. DRISSEN, Supt., 
Chestnut Hill Farm, Coalburg, Ohio. 
WE OFFER FOR SALE 
100 FARMS 
THROUGHOUT CENTRAL NEW YORK. 
Our list is steadily increasing. Send for our 
catalogue, giving full description, with location 
and price. 
THE TUXILL REALTY & IMPROVEMENT CO , 
Auburn Savings Bank Building, Auburn, N. Y. 
8,000 Money-Making Farms. 
Throughout 1G States. One acre to a thousand. 
$500 to $15,000, Stock and tools included with many 
to settle estates quickly. Illustrated catalogue. 
"Gnide No. 28 ” free. Buyers’ car fare paid. E. A. 
STROUT CO.,Dept. 1099.47 West 34th St., New York. 
$6,000 Income a Year. 
452aores. 28-room furnace-heated house. 4 barns, 
26 x 100, 40 x 100, 38 x 50,24 x 30. Hen house, 16 x 100' 
cost $2,000. Hog house, granary, wagon scales. 
All kinds of fruit. Near railroad town. $15,000. 
Half cash. 
Hall’s Farm Agency, Owego, Tioga, Co.,, N.Y. 
D ELAWARE FARMS: —Sold on e«u»y term*, very loweHt price, 
largest list, best and cheapest faraiH, ahort Winters, fine 
climate. Write for illustrated catalogue. 
WM. G. WECHTENHISER. Harrington, Del. 
Don’t Wear 
a Truss 
Brooks’ Appliance, 
the modern scientific 
invention, the wonder¬ 
ful new discovery that 
cures rupture will he 
sent on trial. No ob¬ 
noxious springs or 
pads. Has auto- 
matic Air Cushions. 
Hinds and draws 
the broken parts to¬ 
gether as you would 
C. E. 1IH00K8, the Discoverer a broken limb. No 
salves. No lies. Dur¬ 
able. cheap. Pat. Sept. 10. ’01. Sent on trial to 
prove it. Catalogue and measure blanks mailed 
free. Send name and address to-day. 
C.E.BROOKS. 2399 Brooks Bldg., Marshall,Mich. 
HANDY BINDER 
1UST the thing for preserving files of 
** The Rural New-Yorker. Durable 
and cheap. Sent postpaid for 25 cents. 
*Iht RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
409 Pearl Street, New York City. 
