10J0. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
131 
NEW YORK STATE FRUIT GROWERS’ 
ASSOCIATION. 
Part III. 
Baldwin Fruit Spot.— The fruit spot 
of i he Baldwin, or brown specks found un¬ 
der ibe skin and often all through the flesh 
of the apples is caused by two distinct dis- 
easr< one preventable by spraying with 
Bordeaux Mixture, the other not yet identi¬ 
fied and not preventable by any known 
method. It requires an expert to distinguish 
between the two diseases. In this State, 
the trouble is mostly of the kind that can¬ 
not be prevented. The usual experience is 
that spots are more likely to be found on 
fruit of trees that are not well loaded; also 
in dry seasons. 
Compressed Air Machines.— The dis¬ 
cussions turned to compressed air sprayers. 
A member described how he fixed up a com¬ 
pressed air sprayer by fastening two metal 
tanks on his one-horse wagon, loads one 
tank with the spray material, then pumps 
air into the other, until it reaches a pres¬ 
sure of 150 pounds, then connects the two 
tanks and goes to spraying. The pressure 
when all liquid is sprayed out, is still at 60 
to 70 pounds. lie uses this sprayer for cur¬ 
rants, small trees, etc., and it does good 
work. There seemed to be a number of 
members present who use compressed air 
sprayers with good results. The advantage 
of such sprayers is that there is no pump 
to bother with, and the liquid does not 
have to be forced through the pump, cor¬ 
roding valves, etc. 
Small Clustered Apples. —The question 
came up whether it would pay to thin the 
small clustered apples found on many trees 
last season. Prof. Hedrick says it is a 
waste of time to bother with them. 
Scraping Baric of Apple Trees. —On 
the question whether it is a good plan to 
scrape the rough bark off old apple trees in 
Fall or early Winter, State Entomologist 
Dr. K. P. Felt says, it is a good thing for 
exercise . It is not much use in destroying 
the Codling moth. Mr. Cornell, however, 
claims that the practice pays him. and pays 
him well. On pear trees, it checked the 
pear psylla. The job may be done now with¬ 
out danger of injuring the trees. That 
whitewashing the tree trunks does not pay, 
seems to be generally agreed on. 
Black Ben and Gano. —The question: 
Are Black Ben Davis and Gano well enough 
established in this State to warrant exten¬ 
sive planting, was answered by Prof. Hed¬ 
rick, and, of course, with an emphatic “no.” 
We want something better in this State, 
he says. 
Dishorning Trees. —Whether it be safe 
to cut old trees severely back to facilitate 
the fight against scale, was a question on 
which no agreement was reached. Prof. 
Hedrick is against the practice. He says, 
when you cut branches that are more than 
three inches in diameter, part of the trees 
at least may be lost. It is a choice between 
two evils. 
Pruning Young Trees. —The less pruned 
young apple trees are, says Prof. Hedrick, 
the sooner they will come into bearing. 
Other members also say, Let the trees 
alone. 
Best Stock for Sour Cherries. —Mr. 
Anderson’s experience is in favor of Maz- 
zard stocks. He would not take Mahaieb 
as a gift. Keep the trees as low as possible. 
Mazzard makes a long-lived tree. 
Liming Soil.— Lime is applied for several 
reasons. It will sweeten acid soil: make 
plant food available; render the soil more 
friable, or loose soil more compact. The 
liner the lime, the better will it do its work, 
Gas lime is very good. 
Dodder in Alfalfa. —Prof. Stewart (Ge¬ 
neva) answers the question: “Will dodder 
mature its seed in this latitude, or the 
roots live over Winter?” by saying that it 
lives sometimes, but not usually ripens seed. 
It may live over Winter in the thread form. 
Dodder comes in infested seed. Don't sow 
it. To exterminate it, cut the Alfalfa, let it 
get dry, apply kerosene, and burn both the 
dodder and the Alfalfa. 
The Banquet. —Even the banquet was 
well worthy of “honorable mention.” It 
was an experiment, perhaps, but as such 
an unqualified success. The participants 
numbered up to 430. Undoubtedly this will 
encourage those in command of' the Asso¬ 
ciation to arrange for another banquet next 
year. The affair was well arranged. Every¬ 
thing moved like clockwork. The service 
and the courses were good. A few ladies 
were present. After-dinner speech-making 
was carried on in a happy vein until past 
midnight, principle speakers being Dr. .Ior¬ 
dan (toastmaster), Cornell’s famous presi¬ 
dent, Dr. Schurman, Commissioner of Agri¬ 
culture Pearson, acting dean Dr. Webber, 
institute leader Van Alstyne, Prof. Ahvood, 
President Case, and others. 
Agriculture anj> Education. —Dr. Schur¬ 
man talked to the members, at the Friday 
morning session, on the subject of •‘Agricul¬ 
ture and Education.” He gives as the reason 
why the Western apple industry is forging 
ahead while here it is at best only station¬ 
ary, as lack of attention to science in pro¬ 
duction and to business methods in the sale 
of the product.* We have neglected to push 
the fancy varieties and their sales in our 
own markets. The New York growers can 
give to New York apples greater boom than 
the West gives their products, it is a matter 
of enterprise, business methods, science, and 
co-operative efforts. If wo will do as the 
Western people do, we need fear no com¬ 
petition in the world. We have everything 
and every advantage. 
Railroads and Orchard Fires.- —A rep¬ 
resentative of the New York Central It. It., 
Mr. Bradshaw, came before the association 
with a proposition for cooperation between 
railroads and fruit grower. The former is 
willing to keep its right of way clean from 
weeds and rubbish, and asks the fruit grow¬ 
er whose orchards abut on the railroad prop¬ 
erty. to plow six or eight furrows next to 
the line, and by these means it is hoped to 
prevent most of the fires that have started 
from sparks coming from the engine, and 
have frequently caused considerable injury 
and loss. 
Fair Rental for Orchard Land.-; —In re¬ 
ply to a query about what is a fair rental 
for an apple orchard in full bearing, Prof. 
Hedrick says, that tile station pays $1,500 
for 10 acres, and is making money on the 
proposition. Even better results could be 
secured if the whole orchard were kept un¬ 
der cultivation. Undoubtedly he referred to 
the Auchter orchard. 
Other Pears Grafted on Kieffer.—■ 
I’rof. Hedrick, in answer to an inquiry 
about the advisability of grafting other 
varieties on Kieffer, said he had never been 
pleased with the results. Secretary Gillette, 
however, states that he has grafted Seckel 
on Kieffer, the grafts now being, seven or 
eight years old, and it is a perfect success. 
Mr. Van Buren then comes with the general 
statement that Kieffer is not a good stock 
for other pears. 
Gas Tar for Peach Borer. —Mr. Wad- 
hams speaks emphatically in favor of using 
gas tar for peach borers. If applied in May 
or June there is no danger to the tree and 
the application has boon found a success. 
What Apples to Plant. —Some growers 
think so highly of the Baldwin that they 
want to plant the whole orchard with that 
variety. One member wants half Baldwins 
and half Greenings, still another equal parts 
Baldwins, Greenings and Ben Davis. Green¬ 
ings, however, are coming to the front, ancr 
first-class Greenings are now bringing a 
first-class price. The meeting lasted until 
along in the afternoon of the third day. 
Altogether it brought livelier discussions 
and more solid information than any fruit 
growers’ meeting held in the State in many 
years. Now for the Western New York Hor¬ 
ticulturists ! T. GREINER. 
A START IN STRAWBERRIES. 
F. W. P., Chenango Co., N. Y .—I would 
like to give my two boys, 10 and 11 years 
of age, something to do which will both 
interest them and afford them a profit. 
They wish to begin to grow strawberries in 
an experimental way, with the idea of in¬ 
creasing if the venture succeeds. This sec¬ 
tion is almost entirely devoted to the milk 
business, Suit little fruit being grown, 
which insures an excellent home market. 
Wild strawberries thrive here, and I should 
suppose the cultivated ones would do well. 
Would you consider it advisable to give 
these boys a small patch to work? Do you 
consider the Marshall the best variety for 
tho hill system? What is the host way to 
mulch for Winter when straw is scarce and 
hard to procure? 
Ans.— We would, by all means, start 
the boys at strawberry growing. We 
advise the hill system. It is more inter¬ 
esting for the boys, and will produce 
finer fruit. The soil must he made very 
rich and full of humus. Select if you 
can a reasonably level piece of strong 
soil. Avoid a place where there is a 
wash from hills. Do not plant on a 
plowed sod. Plow under as heavy a 
coat of manure as you can spare, and 
make the surface line. Mark off two 
feet each way and set the plants in early 
Spring. Our old beds have been plant¬ 
ed closer than this, either one foot or 
18 inches each way. We have become 
convinced that two feet each way pays 
us better. We arc able to cultivate both 
ways, and the plants make large hills. 
Give the most thorough culture and clip 
off the runners as they form. It will be 
necessary to go over the field twice a 
week to get these runners. On strong 
soil, inclined to he heavy, Marshall 
does well in hill culture. On light soil 
it will prove a failure. We should also 
plant Chesapeake, Gandy and a few 
Presidents—the latter, close to the Mar¬ 
shalls. We use straw, vines, manure, 
old hay and even brush for mulching. 
A late crop of Japanese millet makes a 
good mulch. _ 
Plant Culture. —The price of the revised 
edition of this book is $1.50, instead of $1. 
as before. It contains about 100 pages of 
new matter, new illustrations and is fully 
up to date. 
Name and Address a 15 
G OVERNMENT reports show that strawberries pro¬ 
duce more dollars per acre and give quicker returns 
than any other crop. Our 1910 Strawberry Tout 
Book teaches the Kellogg method of growing larger 
crops of better berries than can he grown in any other 
way. It explains how to fertilize and prepare the soils 
shows how to prune, set and mate the plants. Every 
detail of the work Is made perfectly clear. Including 
cultivation, spraying, mulching, picking, packing and 
marketing. Growers who have this book say itts worth 
its weight In gold. You may have one FREE. 
B, M. KELLOGG COMMNr, Bon 480 Tires Hirers, Midi. 
“THE FAMOUS 
FENDALL STRAWBERRY” 
And All the Leadino Varieties 
Send for catalogue. it’s free. 
OH AS. E. FENDALL & SON. 
Originators of the Fendnll and Growers of Fine Plants, 
Towbou, Md. 
A DISCOVERY OF IMMENSE VALUE. 
Growing over one quart of strawberries from 
each plant year after year, or at the rate of 30,000 
quarts to the acre. Five year old plants the past 
season yielded over quart each plant. Send 25 cents 
tor lvevitt System or Chart. 
T. C. KEYITT, - Originator, 
Atlienia, X. J. 
WHOLESALE PRICES 
Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Grape and Unrrniit Plant* 
Extra Heavy Rooted High Grade Stock. 
18th Annual Wholesale and Retail Catalogue Free 
A. R. WESTON & CO., R. 8, Bridgman, Mich 
STRAWBERRY PLANTS. 
Millions of them—Aroma, Klondyke, Thompsons. 
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JOHN LIGHTFOOT, Dept. 36. Chattanooga, Tenn. 
PTRAWiiKRRY PLANTS.-^-All the new and old money- 
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new 1910 catalog free. David rodway, Hartley, Dei. 
StraitfhoiTV Plante —Of the best varieties. 
Olldwuerrj rldlllb. Descriptive catalogue 
free. BASIL PERIL Y,D-18, Cool Spring, Delaware. 
S TKAVVIiEKHY PLANTS That Are Business 
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OTRAWBERRY PLANTS —Reliable money-making varieties nt 
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Address S. A. VIltDIN, Hnrtly, Delaware. 
99 
“How I Made The Old Earm Pay 
A Book You Can’t Afford to Miss 
tfieG/d Far/uiJhy. 
Wort to Propoxate 
[ fruitTreesandPknts 
<Jtho 
| C *ho 
I da/jetiesforTouItQiViseam 
By Chirlti A Green. 
What Green’s 
Book Tells 
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How to lay out a fruit farm. 
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What kind of soil is best. 
Keep off the lowlands for fruits. 
Which kind of fruit pays best. 
How to market fruits. 
How to keep the boy on the farm. 
Strawberry, Blackberry and Grape 
Culture. 
How to enjoy rural life. 
Diseases and remedies. 
It is beautifully Illustrated. 
C. A. Green’s book tells of his early years on the homestead 
farm; then, of 15 years as a city banker. After a financial panic, 
he is forced back to the farm again and begins the struggle of his 
life. He makes a success of fruit-growing. His book tells graph¬ 
ically of his work on a run-down farm, and “How HeMadetheOld 
Farm Pay.” Over 100,000 copies of this book have b een sold. 
The price is 25 c, postpaid; but, to all who answer this advertisement, 
we will accept 10 c for this book. You will find it worth ten times 
this price. 
Send for this Valuable 
Book Today-Costs 10c 
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We will also send you, FREE, our NEW FRUIT CATALOG and 
our Big Fruit Instructor—both books you ought to read. 
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Box 22, Rochester, N. Y. 
Established 30 Years Capital, $100,000 
No, sir! You can’t 
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Charles A. Green, Author of 
"How I Made the Old Farm Pay” 
Fill Out Coupon, Cut Off, and Mail Today, with 10 Cents 
Name. 
P. O. 
R. D.... State. 
Green’s Nursery, Box 22, Rochester, N. Y. 
For 10 cents, enclosed, send me Green’s book, “How I Made 
the Old Farm Pay;” also, send Free, Green’s Fruit Catalog 
and Green’s Fruit Instructor. 
tbeeunii eaeoK 
