mo. 
TH tO RURAb NEW-YORKER 
181 
CISTERN FOR WATER SUPPLY. 
C. M. TF., New York .—Can you help me 
with some information in regard to a cistern 
as a source of water supply on a small 
farm of 10 acres, where water from other 
sources is practically out of the question 
because of expense? Can a cistern be made 
the source of a sufficient and satisfactory 
water supply on a farm of 10 acres, where 
the family consists of six people, and the 
stock consists of two horses, two cows, eight 
pigs and 50 chickens, where the roofs to be 
drained are 40 x 28 and 30 x 30? If the 
answer is yes, what size ought the cistern 
to be, and what would be the approximate 
cost where the excavation is in clear soft 
soil? When the water is low in the cistern 
toward the end of a long dry spell does it 
get so stale as to be unfit for use? Do not 
the pipes or leaders conveying the water 
from the roofs to the cistern become ob¬ 
structed with ice in the Winter, and, if so, 
does it happen often enough seriously to 
interfere with the supply? The location of 
my place is on a high hill near the Sound 
shore. Long Island, where one of my 
neighbors has just spent .$4,000 in an un¬ 
successful effort to obtain water from a 
drilled well. My land is higher than his, 
and I dislike to spend so much money on an 
uncertain contingency if we can get along 
satisfactorily by purchasing drinking water 
for the family and use cistern water for all 
Other purposes. 
Ans.—A daily allowance of 70 pounds 
of water per cow and 60 pounds.per horse, 
witl* 80 pounds per day for the eight 
pigs, is a sufficient amount for the do¬ 
mestic animals, and 200 pounds of water 
per day should meet the needs of the 
family, although much more could be 
used and would be required, the amount 
varying greatly, with bathroom and 
water closet practices. These allowances 
would call for between eight and nine 
cubic feet, or between 60 and 70 gal¬ 
lons per day. With good, wholesome, 
but economic practices, 10 cubic feet of 
water per day would be a good allow¬ 
ance. The roof surface, as stated above, 
amounts to 2,020 square feet and a rain¬ 
fall of 24 inches, collected from this 
surface, would be 4,040 cubic feet. Ten 
cubic feet of water per day for the year 
would call for 3,650 cubic feet. The 
mean annual rainfall of Long Island, 
judging from New York City records, 
exceeds 40 inches, but not all of this 
could be collected, especially during the 
Winter season. But the rainfall from 
April to November inclusive amounts to 
nearly 30 inches, as an average for 10 
years, so that there should be no diffi¬ 
culty in collecting 4,000 cubic feet of 
water from the amount of roof surface 
stated. 
It is my judgment that a reservoir 
having sufficient capacity to supply 
water for the four Winter months, at 
the rate of 10 cubic feet per day, would 
be large enough. This would call for a 
cistern with a capacity of 1,200 cubic 
feet. A cylindrical cistern or tank 16 
feet in diameter and six feet deep would 
hold this amount of water. If the 
cistern is built of concrete and placed 
below the surface of the ground the 
rectangular form could probably be 
more readily covered with a concrete 
arch. If the water is not collected and 
stored above ground, where it could be 
used by gravity without pumping, the 
cistern ought to be so constructed that 
it may be drained from the bottom 
periodically for the purpose of cleaning, 
and a shallow cistern to hold four feet 
of water could be more readily arranged 
for drainage unless the locality has con¬ 
siderable fall. A cistern for general 
water supply such as is here contem¬ 
plated ought to be provided with a filter, 
and it would be well to have the storage 
portion of the cistern divided into two 
compartments, so that one could be 
emptied and cleaned while water is 
stored in the remaining compartment. 
A rectangular cistern 10 feet wide, to 
hold a depth of four feet of water, 
would require an inside length of 34 
feet. This would allow a filter wall 
consisting of two parallel walls of por¬ 
ous brick with 16 inches of sand be¬ 
tween them stretching across the cistern 
near one end, and a division concrete 
wall eight inches thick to divide the 
cistern into two compartments and yet 
store 1,200 cubic feet of water. 
It would be well to construct such 
a reservoir so that it may be readily 
entered at any time for cleaning and in¬ 
spection, and so that it may be well 
ventilated during the warm portion of 
the year. On a side-hill an entrance¬ 
way from one end may readily be pro¬ 
vided. If the reservoir must be built 
on nearly level ground it is possible to 
grade soil over the arch to protect from 
freezing, and in that case it might be 
better to spring the arch with hollow 
building tile, covering these with two 
inches of cement concrete to turn the 
water and then grade over this. The 
hollow building tile with the dead air 
spaces will make less earth necessary to 
protect from the frost. With the filter 
to strain out the dust and organic mat¬ 
ter washed in from the roof and with 
a yearly cleaning of the filter chamber, 
removing all solids, there should be no 
difficulty in having the water sufficiently 
pure for washing and stock purposes. 
F. H. KING. 
Feeding For Eggs. 
On page 92 G. S. asks about feeding for 
eggs and F. Q. White gives him some good 
advice, but I think if he will use some green 
cut bone first thing in the morning, say a 
double handful to a pen, he will increase 
his egg supply. Also only feed the mangels 
every other day. E. s. 
White Ilaven, Fa. 
There is no doubt of the green cut 
bone being fine for eggs, but we do 
not use it, because we cannot get it, 
or cut it, in quantities large enough for 
our flock, and everyone now seems to 
be trying to cut down the labor expense 
of caring for hens. We can’t cut price 
of feed, which is what determines cost 
of eggs, but we can cut labor if we 
work with our heads, or as Prof. Roberts 
used to tell the boys, “work with a pen¬ 
cil.” f. q. w. 
Away with mystery! 
You have a right to know 
what your roofing is made of. 
That’s the real way to make 
sure it will last. 
Genasco 
Ready Roofing 
is made of Trinidad Lake asphalt— 
Nature’s everlasting waterproofer. 
You know this natural asphalt will last 
in a roof. And with this Company’s 
thirty-years’ knowledge and use of 
asphalt, you have double assurance 
that Genasco endures. 
Look for the trade-mark at your dealer’s. 
Mineral and smooth surface. Insist on Gen¬ 
asco. A written guarantee—if you want it. 
Write for samples and the Good Roof Guide 
Book. 
THE BARBER ASPHALT 
PAVING COMPANY 
Largest producers of asphalt, and largest 
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UNITID FACTORIES CO* Depf. A31 .Cleveland, O. 
^ 'Of's 
Positively only successful Wagon Box Spreader 
on the market today. Drive chains will % 
not stay on others. \ 
I save yoo 
one-hatf and 
give you bet¬ 
ter spreader 
SINCE CHRISTOPHER C01UHBUS 
DISCOVERED AMERICA! ! ! 
No sir, never before in all history was such standard, high quality, superior manure spreaders, gasoline engines and cream separators 
sold at such extremely low wholesale quantity prices. Better machines, mind you in every way at only actual cost of material, labor and 
one very small profit based on these tremendous quantities: 30,000 Galloway Manure Spreaders, 14,500 Galloway Cream 
Separators, 7,500 Galloway Gaaoline Engines for this year. Anybody might just as well have one or all of these machines when they 
can get in on a wholesale deal of this kind. Be your own dealer, buyer and agent. 
II V DBA AC On the Galloway Spreader is the O. K. of 40,000 farmers. 
■VI T | On my Gasoline Engine, the O. K. of 20,000 farmers. 
On my Cream Separator, the O. K. of 25,000 farmers. 
And 1 5,000 on my other machines, making over 100,000 farmers who have O. K’d the Galloway Goods of all Kinds. 
THINK OF IT! 
I »8 per cent of all of my customers who buy once buy from 
me every year. 
My business has grown from $100,000 a year to millions of 
dollars annually. 
Why does every farmer who buys a machine of any kind 
from us, sell from one to a dozen more to ills neighbors! 
Why has Prof. Holden and the members of the Corn Grow¬ 
ers’ Association of Iowa, unsolicited, O. K'd and recommended 
our great proposition to the farmers of this country after per¬ 
sonally looking It all overt 
NET RESULTS 
rough dealers claim they are selling the 
I Just want to caution you at this point against 
dealers, agents and Imitators who, on account of 
*ny tremendous success, say things that are absolutely false 
Some manufacturers who sell ■ - - - - 
Galloway under a different name. 
Thisls an absolute lie. 
The Galloway machines of all kinds are sold no other way than direct. 
Also leok out for concerns who eaU themselves manufacturing companies 
who are not manufacturers at all. This 1 can prove, absolutely 
There are two different Institutions of this kind advertising In the Farm 
Papers, who are nothing but 8upply houses and merchants. 
Don’t get fooled by them. 
— m Fill out and mai l^h i s^co upo nto me this very day. ^ 
I FREE TO YOU wm. galloway coT 
I 669 Galloway Station,Waterloo,fa. 
Here’s my name and address—Send me FREE the catalogues 
* 1 have checked. 
| [ 3 Manure Spreader [ ] Separator [ ] Gas Engine 
Are what count with you and every 
farmer in the corn crib, at the 
threshing machine, in the dairy, 
and at the bank, 
Got your name In to mo for which one of these machines 
you want and 1*11 guarantee you’11 bo satisfied with the big 
net results each machine will give you. 
Remember I make a better manure spreader tban any 
spreader made In the United States at any price, and Bell It to 
you for a half lees, 
I make a better gasoline engifie than Is sold by so-called 
standard companies—better, mind you,absolutely—and sell It 
to you fora half less. 
Same way on Cream Separators. 
GET MY PROPOSITION FIRST entirely up to you. 
Rend me your name now, and join our big crowd—over 
100,000 strong—of satisfied customers. 9X per cent of which stay 
right by us year in and year out, which is the real proof of the 
merit of my way of doing business. 
A farmer wrote In the other day and Faid that an agent 
told him If he sent his money In to Galloway and the stuff did 
not satisfy, he wouldn’t get his money back. 
This is a deliberate lie, absolutely. 
You can get your money back as Boon as you want It, If 
the goods don’t please you. 
Could I have ever built up a business of millions of dollars 
annually on any other plant 
Rover In the world. 
Get your name In to me now. I can do you a lot of 
good for 1910. 
President THE WILLIAM CALLOWAY COMPANY OF AMERICA 
669 Galloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa 
Sell your poor¬ 
est horse and 
buy a 5 H. P. 
Engine 
Only 
$119.50 
Why have imitators sprung up everywhere trying to copy 
our plan, some calling themselves manufacturers when they 
are not. trying to get business on our reputation and square 
deal policy! 
All these things are my proof that you are not getting 
what you are entitled to If you don’t get your name In to us on 
any of these lines yon are Interested In. 
Remember, I give you better goods, absolutely and posi¬ 
tively, and sell them for a halt less. I let you decide this 
question yourself. £ 
Now don’t start 1910 In without getting my proposition on 
one or all of these lines, whichever you are interested In. 
Remember, you are to be the judge as to the quality and 
also that I am running the biggest bunch of factories In the 
United States today, right here at Waterloo, Iowa, In the in¬ 
terests of the farmers of America. 
You are not getting what you are entitled to and what Is duo 
you. If you don’tget In on this saving that 1 am able to give you. 
Ray no attention to what 
commission grasping agents, 
dealers and Imitators tell yon. 
They can’t eqnal the 
deals 1 can give you and they 
know It. 
Tell me what you are In¬ 
terested in by simply filling 
your name In on tho coupon 
and checking whatever ar¬ 
ticle you want. 
In addition to tho special 
catalog we will send you on 
whatever article or articles 
you are interested In, we will 
send you free our big General 
Line Catalog, In four colon:, 
showing how Galloway di¬ 
vides the melon with you. 
Get your name In 
to me now. 
Revolving 
Tank 
Name . 
Address . 
Town 
State. 
Low Down 
Sanitary 
Perfect 
Construction 
Close 
Skimmer 
New Match¬ 
less Roller 
Feed makes 
light draft 
