184 
THK Ft U KA "L, NEW-YORKER 
THE FUTURE OF DAIRYING. 
In looking ahead, one can see very 
different prospects for the various 
branches of farming. This is, of course, 
due to the conditions affecting each 
branch. There are certain general con¬ 
ditions which affect all branches alike, 
but in greatly differing degrees. These 
conditions are a rapidly increasing popu¬ 
lation, a continuous increase in the price 
of practically all commodities, and the 
higher price of labor. The average price 
of commodities has risen in a ratio of 
100 to 122 6-10 in about 10 years. It is 
owing to this rise in prices that wages 
have also risen, including those of farm 
laborers. The price of feeding stuffs 
lias -risen greatly in excess of these fig¬ 
ures, the ratio for corn being 100 to 218 
6-10. We have then, three factors at 
the producing end, namely, the increased 
cost of living, the increased wages of 
labor, and the rise in the price of feed¬ 
ing stuffs, to balance which is the in¬ 
creased demand caused by the increasing 
population. These three factors enter 
only into dairying and other forms of 
farming which depend mainly on live 
stock, as the feeding stuffs fall out in 
any other branch, except in so far as 
the draft animals must be fed. This has 
the effect of increasing the cost of pro¬ 
duction in a larger proportion than in 
other branches. Another condition af¬ 
fecting dairying is its extent. It may be 
said to be the most extensive branch of 
farming practiced in the East, using ex¬ 
tensive both as the opposite of intensive, 
and in the sense of the area given over 
to it in toto. One might also say that 
all the territory on which dairying can 
be practiced, under present conditions, is 
already so utilized. 
Since the trend of change is always 
toward more intensive, and, I might add, 
more profitable farming, it is unlikely 
that any great area now utilized for 
other industries, will be given over to 
dairying. Tbe acreage now employed 
for that purpose will not be increased, 
but rather diminished, as the changes 
which take place are away from, not 
toward dairying. A short time ago the 
income per acre in Jefferson County, 
N. Y., our greatest dairy county, was 
$12, while in 1899, the value per acre of 
potatoes in the United States was $33.48, 
and that for all vegetables, $42.09. It is, 
therefore, natural that wideawake farm¬ 
ers should give up a part of their dairy 
farms to other crops, especially as the 
help necessary to milk the cows may be 
used in the growing of other crops. 
Dairying is an unprofitable branch of 
farming; that is, taken by itself, the 
feeding of cows, tbe milking and care 
of them, is not itself profitable. As 
proven repeatedly, by experiment sta¬ 
tions and as everyone who lias kept track 
knows, milk at the present prices is 
produced at a loss. 1 will here forestall 1 
possible criticism by saying that the 
dairy farmer makes some money from 
his farm, but if be divides bis farming 
into two parts, the raising of his crops 
and the dairying proper, he will find the j 
profits all come from the crops raised, 
while a large part of his work goes on 
the cows. 
Now we find that dairying is not 
likely to increase on the present plan, 
to any great extent, while the population 
is increasing at the rate of about two 
per cent a year. The larger part of this 
increase is in the cities. This, coupled 
with the fact that the per capita con¬ 
sumption is probably on tbe increase 
wfith dairy 'products, as with othetf 1 
things, would make the increase in de¬ 
mand more than two per cent a year. 
We already see the effect of this greatly 
increasing demand, without adequate 
balance in production, in the great in¬ 
crease in the prices of dairy products. 
Less than 30 years ago, the price of 
cheese was around six cents a pound, 
butter as low as 11 or 12 cent's, and milk 
44 and 45 cents a hundred in Jefferson 
County. This year cheese at our factory 
sold at from 11J4 cents for the lowest 
sale, to nearly 16 cents , netting for 
the greater part of the time about $1.14 
per 100 pounds, while all the Fall and 
Winter, the factory has sold our milk 
to shipping station, at a price netting 
us from $1.40 to $1.80 per 100 pounds. 
Butter has hovered around 36 cents. 
This shows an increase of between 100 
and 200 per cent, which would seem to 
show that something has been doing. 
Something will continue to be doing 
until tbe demand has overtaken the 
supply, and the price risen to a point 
where dairying can stand on its own 
feet. The milk trust in New York and 
other cities is of course a drag, for by 
forcing up the price to the consumer it 
reduces the demand and is thereby able 
to force down tbe price to the producer, 
thus interfering .with the law of supply 
and demand to the detriment of both 
producer and consumer. Co-operation 
may overcome this condition, and hasten 
the time when demand will overtake the 
supply. 
A tendency to increase the production 
of milk, without increasing the acreage, 
while keeping the cost of production at 
the lowest point, has already shown it¬ 
self. As the demand increases this will 
become tbe rule, rather tharr the excep¬ 
tion. One factor is already with us— 
the silo. In this locality where dairying 
is the chief industry, but few dairymen 
are without a silo, and more are being 
built every year. The practice of tbe 
supplementary feeding of cows in the 
Summer and Fall is becoming more 
common. This greatly increases the 
total yearly production per cow. The 
Summer silo offers the most economical 
means of doing this, and as time goes 
on, many acres of rich pasture land will 
be put to a more profitable use. With 
the perfection of the milking machine a 
long step was taken toward the solution 
of the labor problem. Here and there 
small patches of Alfalfa are being raised. 
When every dairyman has his Alfalfa 
patch, the incubus of the grain bill will 
have disappeared. There is a growing t 
tendency toward elimination of the 
“boarder cow.” As be becomes stimu¬ 
lated by higher prices for his milk, the 
farmer’s ambition to produce more will 
lead him to improve his stock. Some 
dairy papers are urging that these things 
be done now. If everyone were to fol¬ 
low this advice, we should only be the 
worse off for it, for the supply is already 
great enough to prevent the price to 
the producer rising to a profitable point. 
You cannot make an industry pull it¬ 
self up by the boot-straps. A rise in 
price is the only efficient stimulator of 
production. What the dairymen must 
do, is to sit tight, and wait for a rise 
in prices. In looking over the field, we 
thus conclude that the future of dairying 
will be a steady increase in the prices of 
milk and other dairy products, and in a 
like degree a movement toward more in¬ 
tensive dairying and more economic 
milk production. 
ALBERT HOPKINS DE GRAFF. 
Choke Him 
On Facts 
When you get tired hearing agents or 
makers of common cream separators ex¬ 
cuse the needless disks or other contrap¬ 
tions they use, just choke them on facts 
that disprove their claims. 
if contraptions were necessary, 
how do Sharpies Dairy Tubulars, 
which have none, produce twice the 
skimming force, 
skim faster and 
several times 
cleaner than 
common sepa¬ 
rators ? Why 
do Tubulars 
proba b1y 
replace 
more com¬ 
mon sepa¬ 
rators than 
any one 
maker o f 
such mach¬ 
ines sells? 
Why do Tubular sales easily exceed most, 
if not all, others combined ? Why is the 
Tubular factory the world’s biggest sepa¬ 
rator works ? Why have we branch fac¬ 
tories in Canada and Germany ? These 
facts are invincible proofs that Tubulars 
are The World’s Best. 
30 
Write 
for New 
Catalogue 
No. J53 
TIIE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO. 
WEST CHESTER, PA. 
Chicago, Ill., San Franclnco, Cal., Portland, Ore. 
Toronto, Can., Winnipeg, Can. 
Let Boost 
YOUR DAIRY 
Profits 
The 
James* way 
makes barn cleanli¬ 
ness Complete, there¬ 
fore Health and Production secure—Lightens the Labor and 
Shortens the hours of barn work. 
There is only one complete stall on the market— 
The James Sanitary Cow Stall 
Includes, besides the stall proper, James Adjustable Stan¬ 
chion and James Self-Cleaning Manger. 
Add James Feed and Litter Carriers to James Sanitary 
Stalls and you have the most sanitary equipment possible. 
Approved in every detail by experts, including representa¬ 
tives U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry. Adopted by the busi¬ 
ness dairyman everywhere. 
My new feed and litter carrier catalog is just off the press, 
also a large folder in colors describing the famous James Sani¬ 
tary Cow Stalls and Stanchions. They are given free for the 
asking. 
W. D. JAMES, Mgr., KENT MFG. CO. 
130 Cane St., Ft. Atkinson, Wit. 
February 12, 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee 
Stevens' Live Slock Markers 
“Practically Out of Sight, but There When 
Wanted." For cattle, horses, swine, sheep, dogs, 
poultry, pigeons or any form of livestock. May 
be put on any animal the hour of its birth. No 
sores, painless, absolutely permanent, always 
legible though inconspicuous. Herd book number 
of every owner on small space. Secret marks or 
monograms on any part of the body. No cutting 
or metal tags. Full particulars on application. 
LIVE STOCK MARKER CO., 
Box 99, Geneva, N. Y. 
Arc stamped with any name or address with serial 
numbers. They are simple, practical and a distinct 
and reliable mark. Samples free. Agents wanted. 
C.H. DANA, <4 Main St..West Lebanon, N.H. 
Death ths Stomach 
!Worms Guaranteed 
Wo will Bond you 100 lbs. of DR. 
HOLLAND’S MEDICATED STOCK 
SALT on 60 days' trial freight 
prepaid. If you derive no benefit, 
It costs you nothing; if yon do, it 
costs you $5.00. Give us your or¬ 
der at once. 
The HOLLAND STOCK REMEDY 
COMPANY, Wellington, Ohio 
CHAIN HANGING 
The Most Practical 
CATTLE FASTENER 
ever invented. 
Manufactured and for 
sale by 
O. H. ROBERTSON, 
Forestville, Conn. 
rDI IMD'C IMPROVED’ 
L/KUmD O WARRINER 
STANCHION 
Prof. F. G. Helyar of 
Mt. Herman School, Mt. 
Herman, Mass., writes: 
“ We could not get along 
without Warriner Stanch¬ 
ions.” 
Send address for book¬ 
let of information to 
WALLASE B. CRUMB, BoxMl, Forcstvllle, Con* 
Boyle’s Steel Stanchion 
THE ORJCINAL 
Lined with woo J, with Thumb Post Latch 
DURABILITY Best Material and 
Workmamkip, Built to last a lifetime. 
COMFORT Hunf on chains allow* 
iof full freedom of neck. No wcifht to 
carry. 
CLEANLINESS Keep* the COW (a 
place. Forward when lyin| dowo* Back 
when atanding. 
/WWrf i howtnf Mo Jit Dot HI tiomr— 
{Vvt Print iclA_ dftollt /•» Hitting 
U-Prit4*—frtl . 
lJ'/J A Pig* Stmt hi on Fnmu 
wk, l SOLE MAKERS 
iWiLjAS. BOYLE & SON 
- SALEM, OHIO. U. S. A 
Dairymens Supply Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Burr Starkweather Co.Rochester,N.Y. 
THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH. 
It is a solid, fair and square 
proposition to furnish a brand new, 
well made and well finished cream 
separator complete, subject to a 
long trial and fully guaranteed, 
for $15.95. It is different from 
anything that has ever before 
been offered. Skims 1 quart of 
milk a minute, hot or cold, makes 
thick or thin cream and does it 
just as well as any higher priced 
machine. Any boy or girl can run 
it sitting down. The 
crank is only 5 inches 
long. Just think of that! 
The bowl is a sanitary 
marvel; easily cleaned, 
and embodies all our latest 
improvements. Gears run 
in anti-friction bearings 
and thoroughly protected. 
Before you decide on a 
cream separator of any 
capacity whatever, obtain 
our $15.95 proposition. 
AMERICAN 
AND UPWARD 
EXCELS ANY SEPARATOR IN THE WORLD 
OUR LIBERAL TRIAL ENABLES YOU 
TO DEMONSTRATE THIS. While our prices 
for all capacities arc astonishingly low, the qual¬ 
ity is high. Our machines arc up to date, well 
built and handsomely finished. Run easier, 
skim closer, have a simpler bowl with fewer 
parts than any other cream separator. Thou¬ 
sands of machines in use giving splendid satis¬ 
faction. Write for our 1910 catalog. - We 
will send it free, postpaid. It is richly illus¬ 
trated, shows the machine in detail and tells 
all about the American Separator. 
Our surprisingly liberal long time 
trial proposition, generous terms of 
purchase and the low prices quoted 
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oldest exclusive manufacturers of 
hand separators in America and the 
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cannot afford to sell an article that 
is not absolutely first class. You 
save agent’s, dealer’s and even cata¬ 
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us and at the same time obtain the 
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on the market. Our own (manu¬ 
facturer’s) guarantee protects you 
on every American Separator. We 
ship immediately. Western orders 
filled from Western points. Write 
us and get our great offer and hand¬ 
some free catalog. ADDRESS, 
BOX 1075, BAINBRIDGE, N. Y. 
So” AMERICAN 
SEPARATOR 
