1910 . 
THE R U RA L NEW-YORKER 
209 
WALNUTS AND ALFALFA. 
G. TF. IF., Gyrene, Mo. —1. I am going to 
set out some Catalpa trees in the Spring, 
also some Black locust, and I want some 
walnuts. I thought I would plant the wal¬ 
nuts. I have them already hulled and dried 
to plant, but some of my neighbors tell me 
they will not grow. Will they, and are 
these trees profitable or not? We have noth¬ 
ing but scrub timber. 2. I have also some 
new ground, bottom land, that I want to 
sow to oats in Spring, and will pasture it. 
If I sow this to Alfalfa with the oats, do 
you think it would do well? 
Ans.— 1 . To grow walnut trees the nuts 
should be planted in the Fall. If this 
has not been done they should be mixed 
with sand or soil in a box and placed 
outdoors on the north side of a build¬ 
ing. Here they will be shaded and 
should be allowed to freeze and thaw 
as often as possible until Spring. If 
the soil in which the nuts are stratified 
is kept wet enough to freeze hard they 
will absorb water, and in freezing the 
shells will be broken so that they can 
Fertilizer for Oats and Clover. 
G. G., Greenwich , A'. Y .—We have a field 
of about five acres on both sides of a hill so 
steep it is impossible to apply manure. We 
planted corn on this field last year and har¬ 
vested a medium crop except at the foot of 
the hill which was manured. This was very 
good. The soil seems to have plenty of or¬ 
ganic matter and is fairly loose and in good 
condition. Now we want to get this field 
seeded with oats next Spring. Will the 
Hope Farm man give us a few pointers on a 
proper and economical fertilizer to use, with 
a good stand of clover as the main issue? 
Ans.— Assuming that the soil does 
not need lime the oats will probably 
need nitrogen in an available form, and 
the clover will need potash. If you 
mean to buy the chemicals and mix 
them yourself we should use a ton 
made up as follows: 250 pounds nitrate 
of soda, 250 dried blood. 400 muriate 
of potash and 1,100 acid phosphate. 
This will give 400 pounds to the acre. 
With a favorable season it ought to 
make a good crop of oats and push the 
easily be sprouted in the Spring. After 
planting in Spring, if they have been 
dry all Winter, the nuts will not sprout, 
but will lie in the soil all Summer and 
throughout the next Winter, and if they 
have not then decayed they will grow the 
following Spring. Walnut timber is now 
so expensive that it would undoubtedly 
pay you to grow the trees. Walnut 
trees should stand no farther than io 
or 12 feet apart; by thus crowding they 
are caused to grow very tall and have 
very few side branches. After a few 
years it will be necessary to thin them 
out somewhat if they •seem to be too 
much crowded. In rich soil walnut trees 
will attain a diameter of 12 to 15 inches 
in 20 years. The price of walnut trees 
is so rapidly on the increase that the 
investment should prove a profitable one. 
Both Catalpa and Black locust should 
be planted in rows about six to eight 
feet apart each way. Where trees are 
allowed to grow two years from the 
seed and then cut back nearly to the 
ground the trees are caused to make 
straight tall trunks. 
2 . Tt is not wise, as a rule, to sow 
Alfalfa with oats on the uplands in 
Missouri. On some of the richer bottom 
lands this plan is satisfactory, provided 
the oat are sown thin or provided they 
are cut for hay. As a rule Fall sowing 
is much to be preferred to Spring sow¬ 
ing for Alfalfa on most uplands in 
Missouri, although 011 the bottom lands 
and the very best uplands Spring sowing 
without a nurse crop is satisfactory. 
Alfalfa is best put in about the middle 
of August on a seed bed well prepared, 
the breaking having been done not later 
than the last of July, and preferably 
earlier. If the correspondent will ad¬ 
dress the Experiment Station at Colum¬ 
bia, information regarding the seeding 
of Alfalfa will be furnished him. 
Columbia, Mo. m. f. millek. 
Availability of Bone as Fertilizer. 
H. B. IF., Bird-in-Hand, Pa .—What length 
of time is required for pure raw bone, 
ground very fine, to become available for 
plant food? Is dissolved bone quicker in 
action than fine ground raw bone, conditions 
of moisture being favorable to decay? Would 
the acid used to dissolve the bone be likely 
to be injurious to greenhouse plants and 
vegetables ? 
Ans. —It will depend upon the fine¬ 
ness of the bone. In some cases it is 
ground to a flour, and is then in a soil 
well supplied with humus nearly all 
available in one season. The coarser 
the bone the longer time required to 
decay, and it may remain in the soil 
for years. It becomes more and more 
available as time goes on, while an acid 
phosphate becomes less available since 
it “reverts” or changes its form. “Dis¬ 
solved bone,” that is, bone treated with 
sulphuric acid, is certainly quicker in 
action than raw bone. If an excess of 
acid is used on the bone, we should 
avoid it for greenhouse plants. If just 
enough is used to break down the bone 
structure and not fully dissolve it there 
would be no trouble. 
clover along. 
During the Fall I took seven weeks off to 
Europe. In Switzerland and southern Ger¬ 
many they were busy hauling manure over 
grass sod, hills or plains. They seem to have 
more sod land for Winter than I saw iu 
this country; we have too much bare land 
over Winter. I think we lead in tree fruit, 
both in number of trees as well as in the 
care of them, as I only saw two well-cared- 
for and sprayed orchards of about 1,000 
trees. But if you want to see fine cows go 
to Switzerland. Being greatly interested in 
forestry I must speak especially of the 
Schwarzwald of Germany. I. in' company 
of relatives and friends, walked all through 
parts of it : it is grand: scarcely any un¬ 
derbrush except along the borders where the 
sun has more access, and there was a crew 
of men busy cutting the underbrush off. for 
it is the underbrush that feeds a fire. I be¬ 
lieve that to be the main secret of good for¬ 
estry, for in our observation in this locality, 
the fire destroys more than the ax. f. w. 
New Jersey. 
There are some sensible dairy 
farmers who buy 81-, So.- and 
810.- watches, because they serve 
the purpose of a watch and waste 
nothing while they last. 
But would any of these sensible 
dairy farmers put their money 
into and carry a 81.-, 85.- or 810.- 
watch if it costs them from 25 cents 
to 81.- that they might otherwise 
save EVERY DAY" to do so? 
Most assuredly they would not. 
Then why should any dairy 
farmer buy a cream separator of 
the 81.-, 85.- or 810.- watch kind 
where its use DOES mean a 
WASTE of from 25 cents to 81.- 
e very day, in quantity and quality 
of product, that a DE LAVA] 1 
cream separator would SAVE? 
THAT’S the all important DII - 
FERENCE between POOR SEPr - 
RATORS and POOR WATCHES. 
—one’s good enough while it lasts 
but the other wastes twice a day 
from the time its use begins. 
A De Laval catalogue is a sep 
arator education to be had foi 
the asking. 
The De Laval Separator Go. 
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42 E. MADISON ST. 
CHICAGO 
DRUMM & SACRAMENTO STS 
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H A 10 PRINCESS 6T. 
WINNIPEG 
1016 WESTERN AVE. 
SEATTLE 
WATCHES 
AND 
Cream Separators. 
Gan you imagine anything 
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Anything is as strong as granite 
and will wear or stand just as 
long, if it’s made with 
EDISON 
PORTLAND 
CEMENT 
The only cost in making a thing of con¬ 
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are no repairs or replacements. Vermin 
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Nearly everything on the farm can be 
made of it—Edison Portland Cement is 
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and therefore, weight for weight, binds more 
material, makes a finer-textured and equally 
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THESE BOOKS ARE FREE: 
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“Concrete on the Farm.’' 
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STRONGER THAN GRANIT 
A Great MID=WINTER SALE 
Will be held at the Sharon Valley Stock Farm, Wednesday, Feb. 23, 1910. 
137 ‘■Halllons and Mares, Belgians. Pert-herons and German c,,»t<*b—137. 
No question but this will Ve the greatest mid-win ter sale ever held In America. 
Jt la only through the pressing demand that I have consented to hold it. A grand 
and select lot of stallions and mares. Mares will l*e -old at auction, the principal 
number of stallions at private sale. The great grey Peivheron mare, Champion of 
France last year at the Paris show : a lot of the best Belgian mares, mostly in 
pairs and in foal: a few tine stallions that received blemishes on the i-hip (the 
blemishes not hinting them for breeding or looks); also a young, dark reel grey 
Percheron stallion colt, will all be sold at this sale Two ear loads of Kentucky 
and Kansas mules coming 3 years old, worked in harness a few times, »nd broke 
to handle, will go to the highest bidder, as well as some home bred mares ami 
geldings. Come and bring your friends aud neighbors. You will soon need just 
whai I have to offer. Catalogs will be furnished on day of sale, Newark is 
centrally located In rhe State, on the B. *fe (). ami I*. C. (’. and St. Louis UR. Free 
conveyances to ami from farm. All communications promptly answered. Address 
COL. (1. W. CRAW 1 OKI), Prop., Sharon Valiev Stock Farm, NEWARK, OHIO* 
Clt. Phone 266—Bell Phone 65 LW. 
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