214 
February 19, 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
ECONOMICS FOR THE POULTRYMAN. 
Economy in any enterprise or busi¬ 
ness is the first requisite to success, and 
nowhere is tins more applicable than 
with the poultryman. If the poultry- 
man can grow his own feeds, build his 
own structures and make his own fix¬ 
tures his income from the source of 
poultry will be greater than where all 
these must be bought or hired con¬ 
structed. Progress has been made in 
all lines, including poultry. Years ago 
it was believed that chickens could only 
be hatched and brooded with a hen, 
but it has been proven beyond question 
or doubt that strong and vigorous 
chicks can be hatched and brooded by 
artificial means quite satisfactorily, and 
it is one of the artificial, homemade 
brooders that will be described. 
The brooder illustrated in cut below 
gave such complete satisfaction that it 
is recommended highly. About 400 
chicks were brooded in this brooder 
last year. The heat is so evenly dis¬ 
tributed in this brooder that a very 
small per cent of chicks.was lost by im¬ 
proper brooder heat. The great mor¬ 
tality of young chicks is so often at¬ 
tributed to improper brooder heating. 
The brooder shown was made for an 
outdoor brooder, but may be used in¬ 
pine, and several times they got so 
hot that the pitch oozed out of them. 
The description of top portion is as 
follows: This frame is securely nailed 
together and fits snugly just outside 
the bottom portion on a half-inch strip, 
as is shown. In this portion of 
brooder there is one 5 x 7 glass in rear 
of each portion for light, and a small 
door in front for exit of the chicks. 
Above each small door, of which a 
portion of one can be seen, are air 
holes 24 in. x 6 in. to admit air. Air 
is absolutely necessary, and as the 
chicks grow older more air can be pro¬ 
vided by raising roof. Cleats are-also 
nailed in this upper part upon which 
the hovers rest. The hovers are about 
one inch above pipes or cans. These 
hovers are nothing more nor less than 
tongued and grooved boards fitted tightly 
and nailed together, and around the 
edge of each is nailed some old flan¬ 
nel scalloped to keep the warmth un¬ 
der the hover. We place 25 to 35 
chicks in each compartment, and as 
the}' grow older more room is pro¬ 
vided in colony houses. The hovers 
are about 18 inches square, and are 
supported on the cleats before men¬ 
tioned. 
The roof is in sections and is com- 
A SATISFACTORY HOMEMADE BROODER. 
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We have the 
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H. C. Phelps 
Manufacturer of 
Split Hickory Vehicles 
The Ohio Carriage 
Manufacturing Co. 
Station 290 » Columbus, O. 
30-Day Free 
Road Test 
2 Years’ 
Guarantee 
Elkhart Buggies 
are the best made, best grade and easiest riding 
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FOR THIRTY-SEVEN YEARS 
we have been selling direct and are 
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selling to the consumer exclusively. 
We ship for examination and approval, guar¬ 
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May We Send You Our 
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Elkhart Carriage & Harness Mf g. Co.J 
Elkhart, - - • • Indiana, 
Save 
side as well, and is in four compart¬ 
ments, and our reason for making- 
apartment brooders such as the fore¬ 
going illustration gives, is that all 
lamps are together, which saves time 
in tending, and more heat is got out 
of the four lamps with less fuel 
consumption than if four lamps were 
in four separate brooders. 
In making the brooder, a fair grade 
of lumber was used. The lower sec¬ 
tion was first to be constructed, and is 
soft pine, 1 in. x 2 in. x 9 ft. 2 in. 
This frame was nailed together, mak¬ 
ing it 28 inches wide and nine feet long, 
inside measurement. The floor was 
then laid on this frame, which is of 
pine tongued and grooved, tightly fit¬ 
ted together. The floor was divided 
into four equal sections, making each 
section 27 x 28 inches, and in the mid¬ 
dle of each section a three- inch hole 
was cut. Then the frame was turned 
over and a one-inch strip was nailed 
on all around the inside of box tight 
up against the floor, then the metal 
sheet which fits tightly in the box was 
securely nailed to the wooden strips. 
Pieces of strap iron were nailed to the 
sides of frame directly under the open¬ 
ings sawed in the flooring under which 
the lamps set. These strips were bent 
in such a way that they come in con¬ 
tact with the metal sheet and help hold 
it in place and keep it from bagging 
down in the center. Over the holes 
above described were nailed quart tin 
fruit cans with bottoms melted out, 
through which passes the heated air 
that heats the hovers, which will be 
described later. On either side of 
brooder four ^-inch holes are bored, 
shown where the strip is cut, that sup¬ 
ports top of brooder. These are for 
ventilation. 
The one great feature we bold for a 
brooder with similar hovers is that the 
heat comes from the bottom, yet heats 
the back of the chicks. By this sys¬ 
tem of hover the chicks have no cor¬ 
ners in which to crowd, and the heat 
goes from the center out all over the 
brooder, and not from a certain section 
or side • where the chicks will crowd 
the weaker ones into the cold to die. 
Some may question whether this hover 
ever gets very warm, but it might be 
well to say that our hovers are all of 
mon boards nailed together, as is to 
be seen by the section leaning against 
one end of brooder. These boards are 
covered with a good grade of two-ply 
felt roofing which is absolutely water¬ 
proof. These sections are light and 
easily handled. We have also had ex¬ 
cellent results in using fireless brooders, 
but with what experience we have had 
up to this time believe lamp brooders 
are to be preferred for early broods. 
However, our personal experience does 
not extend over long enough time to 
state definitely, but hope to try the 
fireless brooders further. We have a 
large homemade one, costing about 
$5, while the brooder illustrated cost 
about $12. Gasoline heated brooders 
are being used by some, and we hope 
to try them out at some future time. 
IRA G. SHELLABARGER. 
Let Us Make You a 
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Wagon Dept. 214. CINCINNATI, OHIO 
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AMERICAN SEPARATOR CO., Box 1075, BAINBRIDGE,N.Y. 
